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Menene kasuwa na yanzu don ajiyar makamashi na PHOTOVOLTAIC?

A gaskiya ma, wasu masana’antun inverter suna haɓakawa da kuma samar da inverter ajiyar makamashi, amma kawai ga Turai da Amurka da sauran kasuwanni na duniya, ba don gida ba, har ma a cikin gida pv a cikin 2017, wanda ya haifar da rashin fahimtar makamashi na photovoltaic. ajiya a China. Sai a wannan shekarar ne aka fitar da sabuwar manufar, kasuwar adana makamashin cikin gida ta fara habaka kuma ba zato ba tsammani ta shiga ra’ayin jama’a.

Daidai ne saboda a farkon matakin noman kasuwa ne ingancin masu samar da sabis ba daidai ba ne. A lokaci guda, tsarin shigarwa na tashoshin wutar lantarki na makamashi zai zama mafi rikitarwa kuma za a inganta abubuwan da ake bukata don basira da yawa. Zaɓin masu ba da sabis na yau da kullun na iya guje wa matsaloli masu yawa na gaba.

02

Wane ƙarfin baturi nake buƙata?

Don amsa wannan tambayar, dole ne mu fara fahimtar jerin caji da fitarwa na tashoshin wutar lantarki. Ga mazauna gari, an fi amfani da tashoshin wutar lantarki da ke kashe wutar lantarki.

A cikin rana, ana ba da wutar lantarki da masana’antar photovoltaic ke ba da fifiko ga gidaje, amma kaɗan ne kawai na wutar lantarki, idan aka yi la’akari da cewa mutane suna aiki a rana, kuma ana adana da yawa a cikin batir ɗin ajiya har sai an cika su. . Idan akwai sauran, yana zuwa grid.

Da daddare, batura suna sarrafa nauyin gida, grid ɗin yana ba da ƙarancin gazawa, da sauransu. Zane mai zuwa yana nuna shi a sarari.

A birnin Shanghai, matsakaicin wutar lantarki a kowane wata na talakawan gida ya kai kusan KWH 400. Idan aka yi la’akari da cewa ana amfani da wutar lantarki 100 kW da rana, da kuma 300 kW da daddare, za a iya kammala aikin caji da fitarwa sau ɗaya a rana. Yin la’akari da iyakancewar caji da asarar fitarwa da zurfin zurfafawar baturin ajiyar makamashi, baturi mai ƙarfin 14kWh ya fi dacewa. 0.8/10/0.9 = 13.9 kWh

Sharuɗɗan da aka ɗauka: caji da ingancin fitarwa 90%, zurfin fitarwa 80%

A karkashin irin waɗannan yanayi, tashoshin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic suna buƙatar samar da kimanin digiri 430 na wutar lantarki a kowane wata, kuma hanyar lissafin ita ce: 300 / 0.9 + 100 = 433 digiri. Sa’an nan nawa ƙarfin shigarwa da tashoshin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ke buƙatar zaɓar don cimma?

Hoton

Na sama shine aikin samar da wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara na tashar wutar lantarki mai karfin 5400W a Pudong New Area na Shanghai. Jimillar samar da wutar lantarki a kowace shekara ya kai kusan 5600 KWH, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na wata-wata na 471 KWH, fiye da 433 KWH, wanda ya dace da zato na sama, tare da ɗan ragi.

Gabaɗaya, a ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa amfani da wutar lantarki na wata-wata kusan 400 KW (ciki har da 300 KWH da dare), zaɓi tashar wutar lantarki ta 5400W da batirin ajiyar makamashi na 14kWh zai zama zaɓi mafi aminci, wanda zai iya rufe buƙatun wutar lantarki na iyalai na yau da kullun. mafi yawan lokuta. A lokacin da mai amfani ya dawo gida, baturin ya adana kusan digiri 14 na wuta, wanda ya isa sosai don amfani da dare, tare da ɗan dogaro da grid na jama’a da wadatar kai ta gaskiya.

Tabbas, abin da ke sama kawai tsari ne mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, kuma ainihin aikace-aikacen ya kamata a haɗa shi tare da amfani da wutar lantarki, musamman ma a lokacin rani mafi yawan wutar lantarki da kuma rage wutar lantarki, baturin ajiyar makamashi zai zama daidai.

03

Nawa ne kudin tashar ajiyar makamashi?

Idan akwai kalma ɗaya kawai don kwatanta farashin sel ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic, dole ne ya zama tsada. An nakalto Powerwall 13.5 digiri a $6,600, ko yuan 45,144, ko kusan yuan 3,344 a kowane digiri. Dangantakar hali, da zance na cikin gida manufacturer ne mafi alheri, kasance a cikin fiye da 1800 yuan/digiri hagu da dama, amma adana 14 digiri na wutar lantarki kuma samun 25 dubu.

Hoton

Kuma jimilar farashin tashar wutar lantarki mai karfin 5400W na yuan/W 6.68 yanzu ya kai yuan 36,000, kwatankwacin kusan kashi 60%. Lokaci ya yi da wuri, amma na tabbata akwai ɗimbin ƙwaƙƙwalwa a can waɗanda suke son gwadawa da farko.

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Sau nawa ya kamata a maye gurbin baturin?

Matsalar gama gari ta batirin lithium-ion shine tsufa, tare da asarar wutar lantarki, amma yawan tsufa ya bambanta. Kuma tsarin yana da sauri fiye da hasken rana. Duk da yake na’urori sun yi alƙawarin bazuwar da bai wuce 20% ba a cikin shekaru 20, batura na iya lalacewa da kashi 40% cikin kusan shekaru bakwai. Ko da yake adadin zagayowar na iya zama har zuwa 6,000, lokacin da ƙarfin baturi ya ragu zuwa 60%, aikin yana lalacewa kuma kana buƙatar yin la’akari da maye gurbin baturin don kada ya shafi ƙwarewar wutar lantarki ta al’ada.

Hoton

A wannan gaba, manufofin masana’anta na bayan-tallace-tallace shine mafi mahimmancin al’amari don yin la’akari. Yawancin masana’antun batir suna ba da garanti na shekaru 5 zuwa 10, amma manufar maye gurbin baturi ba ta bayyana ba, wanda ya kamata a mai da hankali akai.

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Za a iya haɓaka tashoshin wutar lantarki da ke da haɗin grid?

Babu shakka, ana iya haɓaka shi zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta hanyar shigar da batura na ajiyar makamashi da sauran kayan aiki da kuma canza layukan da ke akwai. Koyaya, tallafin da ke akwai a zahiri don tashoshin wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid ne. Da zarar an haɓaka su zuwa tashar wutar lantarki, a zahiri, tallafin da ya dace zai ƙare.

Shin akwai wata hanya a kusa da hakan? Kawai bar ku don tunani game da matsalar, na yi imani cewa yana da wuyar faduwa.