TianJinlishen, Guoxuan Hi-Tech da sauran ƙungiyoyi sun sami nasarar bincike da haɓaka batura masu ƙarfin 300 Wh/kg. Bugu da ƙari, har yanzu akwai adadi mai yawa na raka’a da ke gudanar da ayyukan ci gaba da bincike masu dangantaka.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da batir lithium-ion mai sassauƙan marufi yawanci sun haɗa da ingantattun na’urorin lantarki, na’urorin lantarki mara kyau, masu rarrabawa, electrolytes, da sauran kayan taimako masu mahimmanci, kamar shafuka, kaset, da robobin aluminum. Dangane da bukatun tattaunawar, marubucin wannan takarda ya raba abubuwan da ke cikin baturin lithium-ion mai laushi zuwa nau’i biyu: haɗuwa da guntun sandar igiya da kayan da ba ta da kuzari. Ƙungiyar igiyar igiya tana nufin ingantacciyar na’ura mai mahimmanci tare da na’urar lantarki mara kyau, kuma duk ingantattun lantarki da kuma The negative electrode ana iya ɗaukar su azaman haɗuwa na guntun sandar igiya wanda ya ƙunshi raka’o’in igiya da yawa; Abubuwan da ba sa ba da gudummawar makamashi suna magana ne ga duk wasu abubuwa in ban da haɗuwa da raka’a guntun sandar sanda, kamar diaphragms, electrolytes, igiyoyin sandar sanda, robobin aluminum, kaset ɗin kariya da ƙarewa. tef da dai sauransu Don gama gari na LiMO 2 (M = Co, Ni da Ni-Co-Mn, da dai sauransu)/ tsarin carbon Li-ion baturi, hade da igiya yanki raka’a ƙayyade iya aiki da makamashi na baturi.

A halin yanzu, don cimma burin 300Wh/kg na takamaiman ƙarfin baturi, manyan hanyoyin sun haɗa da:

(1) Select a high-capacity material system, the positive electrode is made of high nickel ternary, and the negative electrode is made of silicon carbon;

(2) Ƙirƙira babban ƙarfin lantarki don haɓaka ƙarfin yanke-kashe caji;

(3) Inganta samar da tabbatacce kuma korau electrode slurry da kuma ƙara da rabo daga aiki abu a cikin lantarki;

(4) Use thinner copper foil and aluminum foil to reduce the proportion of current collectors;

(5) Ƙara yawan abin rufewa na ma’auni mai kyau da mara kyau, da kuma ƙara yawan adadin kayan aiki a cikin na’urorin lantarki;

(6) Sarrafa adadin electrolyte, rage adadin electrolyte kuma ƙara takamaiman makamashi na baturan lithium-ion;

(7) Inganta tsarin baturin kuma rage rabon shafuka da kayan marufi a cikin baturin.

Among the three battery forms of cylindrical, square hard shell and soft-pack laminated sheet, the soft-pack battery has the characteristics of flexible design, light weight, low internal resistance, not easy to explode, and many cycles, and the specific energy performance of the battery is also outstanding. Therefore, the laminated soft-pack power lithium-ion battery is a hot research topic at present. In the model design process of laminated soft-pack power lithium-ion battery, the main variables can be divided into the following six aspects. The first three can be considered to be determined by the level of the electrochemical system and design rules, and the latter three are usually the model design. variables of interest.

(1) Kyakykyawan abubuwa masu kyau da mara kyau da abubuwan da aka tsara;

(2) Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙima na ƙwayoyin lantarki masu kyau da mara kyau;

(3) The ratio of negative electrode capacity (N) to positive electrode capacity (P) (N/P);

(4) Yawan raka’o’in guntun sanda (daidai da adadin ingantattun igiyoyi);

(5) Matsakaicin adadin murfin lantarki mai kyau (bisa ga ƙaddarar N / P, da farko ƙayyade ƙimar shafi mai inganci, sannan ƙayyade adadin murfin lantarki mara kyau);

(6) Yankin mai gefe guda ɗaya mai inganci guda ɗaya (wanda aka ƙaddara ta tsawon tsayi da faɗin tabbataccen lantarki, lokacin da aka ƙayyade tsayi da faɗin tabbataccen na’urar, ana kuma ƙaddara girman ƙarancin wutar lantarki, kuma ana iya tantance girman tantanin halitta).

Na farko, bisa ga wallafe-wallafen [1], tasirin adadin sassan yanki na sandar sanda, adadin ingantattun murfin lantarki da yanki guda ɗaya na yanki guda na ingantacciyar wutar lantarki akan takamaiman makamashi da ƙarfin kuzari na baturi an tattauna. Ana iya bayyana takamaiman makamashi (ES) na baturin ta hanyar lissafi (1).

hoto

In formula (1): x is the number of positive electrodes contained in the battery; y is the coating amount of the positive electrode, kg/m2; z is the single-sided area of ​​a single positive electrode, m2; x∈N*, y > 0, z > 0; e(y, z) is the energy that a pole piece unit can contribute, Wh, the calculation formula is shown in formula (2).

hoto

A cikin dabara (2): DAV shine matsakaicin ƙarfin fitarwa, V; PC shine rabo na adadin ma’auni na tabbataccen lantarki mai aiki zuwa jimillar madaidaicin kayan lantarki mai aiki tare da wakili mai ɗaure,%; SCC shine ƙayyadaddun iya aiki na ingantaccen kayan lantarki mai aiki, Ah / kg; m (y, z) shine adadin guntun sandar igiya, kg, kuma ana nuna dabarar lissafin a cikin dabara (3).

hoto

A cikin dabara (3): KCT shine rabo na jimlar yanki na monolithic tabbatacce electrode (jimlar shafi yanki da yanki na bango) zuwa yanki mai gefe guda na monolithic tabbatacce electrode, kuma shine. fiye da 1; TAL shine kauri na mai karɓar aluminum na yanzu, m; ρAl shine nauyin mai karɓar aluminum na yanzu, kg / m3; KA shine rabo na jimlar yanki na kowane nau’in lantarki mara kyau zuwa yanki mai gefe guda na ingantaccen lantarki guda ɗaya, kuma ya fi 1; Tcu shine kauri na mai karɓar jan ƙarfe na yanzu, m; ρCu shine mai karɓar tagulla. Yawan yawa, kg/m3; N/P shine rabon ƙarfin wutar lantarki mara kyau zuwa ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki; PA shine rabon madaidaicin na’ura mai aiki da kayan aiki zuwa jimillar ma’auni mai aiki mara kyau da wakili mai ɗaure,%; SCA shine rabon ƙarfin abu mara kyau na lantarki, Ah/kg. M (x, y, z) shine adadin abubuwan da ba ya ba da gudummawar kuzari, kg, ana nuna dabarar lissafin a cikin dabara (4)

hoto

A cikin dabara (4): kAP shine rabo na yanki na aluminum-roba zuwa yanki mai gefe guda na lantarki mai inganci guda ɗaya, kuma ya fi 1; SDAP shine girman yanki na aluminum-roba, kg / m2; mTab shine jimlar yawan ma’auni mai kyau da mara kyau, wanda za’a iya gani daga shi ne akai-akai; mTape shine jimlar yawan tef ɗin, wanda za’a iya ɗaukarsa azaman dindindin; kS shine rabo na jimlar yanki na mai raba zuwa jimillar yanki na takaddun lantarki mai kyau, kuma ya fi 1; SDS shine girman yanki na mai raba, kg / m2; kE shine yawan electrolyte da baturi Raɗin iya aiki, ƙididdiga shine lamba mai kyau. Bisa ga wannan, ana iya ƙaddamar da cewa haɓaka kowane nau’i ɗaya na x, y da z zai ƙara takamaiman makamashin baturi.

Domin nazarin muhimmancin tasiri na adadin sandar yanki yanki, da shafi adadin tabbatacce lantarki da kuma guda-gefe yanki na guda tabbatacce lantarki a kan takamaiman makamashi da makamashi yawa na baturi, wani electrochemical. tsarin da ka’idojin ƙira (wato, don ƙayyade kayan lantarki da dabara, Compaction density da N/P, da dai sauransu), sa’an nan kuma orthogonally hada kowane matakin na uku dalilai, kamar adadin iyakacin duniya yanki raka’a, adadin. tabbataccen shafi na lantarki, da yanki mai gefe guda na yanki guda na ingantacciyar lantarki, don kwatanta kayan lantarki da wani rukuni ya ƙaddara kuma an yi nazarin Range akan ƙididdiga takamaiman makamashi da ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi dangane da dabara, compacted density da N/P. Ana nuna ƙirar ƙira da sakamakon ƙididdigewa a cikin Tebur 1. An yi nazarin sakamakon ƙirar ƙira ta amfani da hanyar kewayon, kuma an nuna sakamakon a cikin Hoto 1. Ƙayyadaddun makamashi da ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi yana haɓaka monotonically tare da adadin sassan yanki na sanda. , adadin tabbataccen shafi na lantarki, da kuma yanki mai gefe guda ɗaya na tabbataccen lantarki. Daga cikin abubuwa guda uku na adadin sassan yanki na sandar sanda, adadin ingantaccen shafi na lantarki, da yanki mai gefe guda na lantarki mai inganci guda ɗaya, adadin murfin lantarki mai inganci yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan takamaiman makamashin. baturi; Daga cikin abubuwa uku na yanki mai gefe guda, yanki mai gefe guda na cathode na monolithic yana da tasiri mafi mahimmanci akan ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi.

hoto

hoto

Ana iya gani daga Hoto 1a cewa takamaiman makamashin baturi yana ƙaruwa tare da adadin sassan yanki na sandar sanda, adadin murfin cathode, da yanki mai gefe guda na cathode guda ɗaya, wanda ke tabbatar da daidaiton nazarin ka’idar a cikin sashin da ya gabata; Babban mahimmancin abin da ke shafar takamaiman makamashin baturi shine Ingataccen adadin shafi. Ana iya gani daga Hoto na 1b cewa ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi yana ƙaruwa ta atomatik tare da adadin sassan yanki na sandar sanda, adadin ingantacciyar murfin lantarki, da yanki mai gefe guda ɗaya tabbataccen lantarki, wanda kuma yana tabbatar da daidaito. na nazarin ka’idar da ya gabata; Babban mahimmancin abin da ke shafar ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi shine yanki mai gefe guda na monolithic tabbatacce electrode. Bisa ga binciken da ke sama, don inganta takamaiman makamashi na baturi, shine mabuɗin don ƙara yawan adadin murfin lantarki mai kyau kamar yadda zai yiwu. Bayan kayyade m babba iyaka na tabbatacce lantarki shafi adadin, daidaita sauran factor matakan cimma abokin ciniki ta bukatun; Don ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi, shine mabuɗin don ƙara yanki mai gefe guda na monolithic tabbatacce electrode gwargwadon yiwuwa. Bayan kayyade iyakar abin da aka yarda da shi na yanki mai gefe guda na monolithic tabbatacce electrode, daidaita sauran matakan matakan don biyan bukatun abokin ciniki.

A cewar wannan, za a iya ƙarasa da cewa takamaiman makamashi da makamashi yawa na baturi monotonically karuwa tare da adadin iyakacin duniya yanki raka’a, da adadin tabbatacce lantarki shafi, da kuma guda-gefe yanki na guda tabbatacce electrode. Daga cikin abubuwa guda uku na adadin sassan yanki na sandar sanda, adadin ingantaccen shafi na lantarki, da kuma yanki mai gefe guda na ingantacciyar wutar lantarki guda ɗaya, tasirin adadin ingantaccen shafi akan takamaiman makamashin baturi. mafi mahimmanci; Daga cikin abubuwa uku na yanki mai gefe guda, yanki mai gefe guda na cathode na monolithic yana da tasiri mafi mahimmanci akan ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi.

Then, according to the literature [2], it is discussed how to minimize the quality of the battery when only the capacity of the battery is required, and the battery size and other performance indicators are not required under the determined material system and processing technology level. The calculation of the battery quality with the number of positive plates and the aspect ratio of positive plates as independent variables is shown in formula (5).

hoto

In formula (5), M(x, y) is the total mass of the battery; x is the number of positive plates in the battery; y is the aspect ratio of the positive plates (its value is equal to the width divided by the length, as shown in Figure 2); k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7 are coefficients, and their values ​​are determined by 26 parameters related to battery capacity, material system and processing technology level, see Table 2. After the parameters in Table 2 are determined, each coefficient It is then determined that the relationship between the 26 parameters and k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, and k7 is very simple, but the derivation process is very cumbersome. By mathematically deriving the announcement (5), by adjusting the number of positive plates and the aspect ratio of positive plates, the minimum battery quality that can be achieved by the model design can be obtained.

hoto

Hoto 2 Tsarin tsari na tsayi da faɗin lamintaccen baturin

Table 2 Laminated cell design sigogi

hoto

A cikin Tebur 2, takamaiman ƙimar ita ce ainihin ƙimar siga na baturi tare da ƙarfin 50.3Ah. Abubuwan da suka dace sun ƙayyade cewa k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, da k7 sune 0.041, 0.680, 0.619, 13.953, 8.261, 639.554, 921.609 bi da bi. , x shine 21, y shine 1.97006 (Nisa na ingantaccen lantarki shine 329 mln, kuma tsayin shine 167 mm). Bayan ingantawa, lokacin da adadin tabbataccen lantarki shine 51, ingancin baturi shine mafi ƙaranci.