Iqela lophando elivela kwiNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) licebise indlela entsha yokusombulula ingxaki yomlilo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Isitshixo kwimpendulo sinokulala kumqokeleli wangoku weqondo lokushisa.

Abaphengululi baseMerika bacebise ukuba abaqokeleli bepolymer bangoku banokunqanda imililo kunye nokuphucula iingozi zomlilo zebhetri yokugcina amandla

Kwenzeka ntoni xa isikhonkwane sigqobhoza iseli yebhetri ye-lithium-ion? Abaphandi abaye bajonga le nkqubo bathi baye baphuhlisa indlela esekelwe kwi-polymer ekwazi ukuchasana neengozi zomlilo ezihambelana neebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Abaphengululi abavela kwi-US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), NASA (NASA), University College London, Discot’s Faraday Institute, London’s National Physical Laboratory, kunye ne-European Synchrotron yaseFransi, iya kuba Isikhonkwane sibethelelwe kwi-cylindrical “18650 ibhetri” (18x65mm ngaphakathi size) esetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo zeemoto. Abaphandi bazama ukuvelisa kwakhona uxinzelelo lomatshini ukuba iibhetri zemoto yombane (EV) kufuneka zinyamezele kwingozi.

Isikhonkwane siya kubangela isiphaluka esifutshane ngaphakathi kwebhetri, okubangela ukuba ukushisa kwayo kuphakame. Ukuze ufunde ngokubanzi oko kwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwebhetri xa isikhonkwane singena ebhetri, abaphandi basebenzisa ikhamera ye-X-ray ye-high-speed ukuba babambe umcimbi kwiifrimu ze-2000 ngomzuzwana.

UDonal Finegan, isazinzulu sabasebenzi kwi-NREL, wathi: “Xa ibhetri isilela, iyasilela ngokukhawuleza, ngoko inokusuka iphelele iye kuginywa ngamadangatye ize itshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Isantya sikhawuleza kakhulu, sikhawuleza kakhulu. Kunzima ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kule mizuzwana mibini. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeke ntoni, kuba ulawulo lwale mizuzwana mibini yinto ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lwebhetri. “

Ukuba ayikhange iqwalaselwe, ukunyuka kobushushu bebhetri okubangelwa kukubaleka kwe-thermal kuye kwangqinwa ukuba kungaphezu kwama-800 degrees celcius.

Iiseli zebhetri ziqulethe abaqokeleli bangoku be-aluminium kunye nobhedu. Iqela lophando lisebenzise i-aluminium-coated polymers ukuba idlale indima efanayo kwaye yabona ukuba abaqokeleli babo bangoku bayancipha kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngokukhawuleza babambe ukuhamba kwangoku. Ubushushu besiphaluka esifutshane bubangela ukuba i-polymer iyancipha, kwaye ukusabela kwenza umqobo womzimba phakathi kwesikhonkwane kunye ne-electrode engalunganga, ukumisa i-short-circuit.

Ngexesha lovavanyo, zonke iibhetri ngaphandle komqokeleli wangoku wepolymer ziya kuhlambalaza ukuba isikhonkwane sihlatywe. Ngokwahlukileyo, akukho nanye ibhetri elayishwe ngepolymer ebonise le ndlela yokuziphatha.

UFinegan wathi: “Kunqabile kakhulu ukusilela kwebhetri, kodwa xa oku kusenzeka, kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ayisiyonto yokhuseleko nempilo yabasebenzi abafanelekileyo kuphela, kodwa neyenkampani. ”

Abaphengululi baseMerika bacebise ukuba abaqokeleli bepolymer bangoku banokunqanda imililo kunye nokuphucula iingozi zomlilo zebhetri yokugcina amandla

Ukuqwalasela inkampani edibanisa iiseli zebhetri, i-NREL yalatha kwisiseko sedatha yokusilela kwebhetri, equlethe amakhulu evidiyo yeradiological kunye namanqaku edatha yobushushu ukusuka kumakhulu eemvavanyo zokusetyenziswa kakubi kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion.

UFinegan wathi: “Abenzi bemveliso abancinci abasoloko bengenalo ixesha nobuncwane bokuvavanya iibhetri ngendlela engqongqo kangaka ebesinayo kule minyaka mihlanu ukuya kwemithandathu idluleyo.”

Abaphandi baseRussia basanda kuphuhlisa umbono wokusebenzisa iipolymers ukuthintela imililo yebhetri. UNjingalwazi u-Oleg Levin weSebe le-Electrochemistry kwiYunivesithi yaseSt. I-conductivity yale polima itshintsha ngokutshintsha kobushushu okanye umbane. Iqela labiza le ndlela ngokuthi “ikhemikhali fuze”.

Ngokutsho kweqela lebhetri ye-micro-lithium, okwangoku, le polymer yezenzululwazi zaseRashiya ifanelekile kuphela kwiibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate (LFP), kuba amacandelo ahlukeneyo e-cathode asebenza kumanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo. Kwiibhetri ze-LFP, yi-3.2V. I-nickel-manganese-cobalt (i-NMC) ekhuphisana nayo iicathodes inamandla ombane wokusebenza phakathi kwe-3.7V kunye ne-4.2V, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwebhetri ye-NMC.