Zvinoenderana nevekunze mishumo yenhau, boka revatsvagiri paBrookhaven National Laboratory (Brookhaven National Laboratory) yeUS department reMagetsi (DOE) yakaronga hutsva hutsva nezve mukati mekuita maitiro e lithium metal anode mabhatiri. , Danho rakakosha rekuchipa mabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi.

Vatsvagiri vebhatiri kuBrookhaven National Laboratory (Mufananidzo sosi: Brookhaven National Laboratory)

Kugadzirwazve kweLithium Anode

Kubva pamafoni akachenjera kuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi, tinogona kuona tsika. Kunyange zvazvo mabhatiri e-lithium akaita kuti matekinoroji akawanda ashandiswe zvakanyanya, ivo vachiri kutarisana nematambudziko pakupa kureba simba remagetsi emagetsi.

Battery500, mubatanidzwa unotungamirwa nevaongorori vepayunivhesiti unopihwa mari neUS Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) neUS Department of Energy, ine chinangwa chekugadzira sero rebhatiri rine simba rinosvika 500Wh/kg. Mune mamwe mazwi, inopeta kaviri kuwanda kwesimba kwemabhatiri emazuva ano epamusoro. Kuti izvi zviitike, mubatanidzwa unotarisa pamabhatiri akagadzirwa ne lithium metal anodes.

Lithium simbi mabhatiri anoshandisa lithium simbi seanode. Kusiyana neizvi, mazhinji mabhatiri e lithium anoshandisa graphite seanode. “Iyo lithium anode chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakusvika kuBattery500 simba density chinangwa,” vatsvakurudzi vakadaro. “Chakanakira ndechekuti simba remagetsi rinopeta zvakapetwa kaviri emabhatiri aripo. Kutanga, iyo chaiyo kugona kweanode yakakwirira kwazvo; chechipiri, unogona kuva nebhatiri remagetsi rakakwirira, uye kusanganiswa kwezviviri izvi kunogona kuva nepamusoro pesimba remagetsi. ”

Masayendisiti akaziva kwenguva refu zvakanakira lithium anodes; muchokwadi, iyo lithium simbi anode ndiyo yekutanga anode yakabatanidzwa kune bhatiri cathode. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekushayikwa kwe “reversibility” yeanode, ndiko kuti, kukwanisa kutengesa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwe electrochemical reaction, vatsvakurudzi vebheteri vakapedza kushandisa graphite anodes panzvimbo ye lithium metal anodes kugadzira lithiamu mabhatiri.

Ikozvino, mushure memakumi emakore ekufambira mberi, vaongorori vane chivimbo chekuziva inodzoreredzwa lithium simbi anode kusundira miganhu yemabhatiri e lithium. Kiyi ndiyo interface, iyo yakasimba zvinhu layer inoumba pamagetsi ebhatiri panguva ye electrochemical reaction.

“Kana tikakwanisa kunyatsonzwisisa iyi interface, inogona kupa nhungamiro yakakosha yekugadzira zvinhu uye kugadzira inodzoreredzwa lithium anode,” vaongorori vakadaro. “Asi kunzwisisa iyi interface idambudziko nekuti itete rakatetepa rezvinhu, ingori mashoma nanometers gobvu, uye rinonzwa kumhepo uye hunyoro, saka kubata masampuli kune hutsinye.”

Iyi interface inoonekwa muNSLS-II

Kuti ugadzirise matambudziko aya uye “ona” kuumbwa kwemakemikari uye chimiro chechimiro, vaongorori vakashandisa National Synchrotron Radiation Light Source II (NSLS-II), nzvimbo yevashandisi yeDOE Science Hofisi yeBrookhaven National Laboratory, iyo inogadzira. super inopenya X-rays yekudzidza zvinhu zvemukati zveiyo interface paatomu chiyero.

Pamusoro pekushandisa hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwenSLS-II, timu inodawo kushandisa tambo yedanda (yekuyedza chiteshi) inogona kuona zvese zvikamu zveiyo interface, uye kushandisa yakakwirira-simba (ipfupi-wavelength) X-rays kuona crystalline. uye amorphous phases.

“Chikwata chemakemikari chakagamuchira XPD yakawanda-mode nzira, vachishandisa nzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzakapiwa nebeamline, X-ray diffraction (XRD) uye kugovera basa (PDF) kuongorora,” vatsvakurudzi vakadaro. “XRD inogona kudzidza zvikamu zvekristaro, uye PDF inogona kudzidza zvikamu zveamorphous.”

XRD uye kuongororwa kwePDF kwakaratidza mhedzisiro inonakidza: Lithium hydride (LiH) iripo mune iyo interface. Kwemakumi emakore, masayendisiti anga achipokana nezve kuvepo kweLiH mune iyo interface, zvichigadzira kusagadzikana pamusoro peiyo yekutanga maitiro maitiro anoumba iyo interface.

“LiH uye lithium fluoride (LiF) dzine zvimiro zvekristaro zvakafanana. Zvatinotaura nezvekuwanikwa kweLiH zvakabvunzwa nevamwe vanhu vanotenda kuti tinokanganisa LiF neLiH, “muongorori akadaro.

Nekuona kukakavara kwakabatanidzwa muchidzidzo uye matambudziko ehunyanzvi ekusiyanisa LiH kubva kuLiF, timu yekutsvagisa yakasarudza kupa zvidimbu zvakawanda zvehumbowo hwekuvapo kweLiH, kusanganisira kuita kuyedza kuburitswa kwemhepo.

“Vaongorori vakati: “LiF yakagadzikana mumhepo, asi LiH haina kugadzikana. Kana tikafumura iyo interface kumhepo ine hunyoro, uye kana huwandu hwekomisheni hukadzikira nekufamba kwenguva, tinogona kusimbisa kuti zvechokwadi tiri kuona LiH, kwete LiF, uye iri LiF. Nekuda kwekuomerwa kwekusiyanisa LiH kubva kuLiF uye kuyedza kubuda kwemhepo hakuna kumbobvira kwaitwa, LiH ingangove yakakanganisa neLiF mumishumo yemabhuku akawanda, kana kuti haicherechedzwe nekuda kwekuora kweLiH munzvimbo ine hunyoro. ”

Muongorori akaenderera mberi. “Basa rekugadzirira remuenzaniso rakaitwa nePNNL rakakosha kutsvagurudzo iyi. Isu tinofungidzira kuti vanhu vazhinji vanotadza kuziva LiH nekuti masampula avo akaiswa munzvimbo ine hunyoro isati yaitwa. ” Kana iwe usina kuunganidza sampuli nemazvo, simbisa sampuli uye Kutumira samples, unogona kupotsa LiH. ”

Pamusoro pekusimbisa kuvepo kweLiH, timu yakagadzirisawo chimwe chakavanzika chakareba chakatenderedza LiF. LiF yakagara ichionekwa sechinhu chinobatsira cheiyo interface, asi hapana anonzwisisa zvizere chikonzero. Chikwata chakasarudza misiyano yeLiF mukati meiyo interface uye yakawanda yezvimiro misiyano yeLiF pachayo, uye yakaona kuti yekare yakasimudzira kutakurwa kwelithium ions pakati peanode uye cathode.

Battery masayendisiti kubva kuBrookhaven National Laboratory, mamwe marabhoritari enyika, uye mayunivhesiti anoenderera mberi nekubatana. Vatsvakurudzi vakati izvi zvigumisiro zvichapa hutungamiri hunodiwa hunodiwa mukugadzirwa kwe lithium metal anodes.