Imwe yematambudziko nekudzokorodzazve ndeyekuti mutengo wezvinhu pachawo wakadzikira, uye nzira yekudzokorodza haina kudhura. Tekinoroji nyowani inotarisira kukwidziridza kudzokororwa kwemabhatiri e-lithium nekuwedzera kudzikisira mitengo uye kushandisa eco-inoshamwaridzika zvinongedzo.

Nzira itsva yekurapa inogona kudzorera yakashandiswa cathode zvinhu kumamiriro ayo epakutanga, zvichiwedzera kuderedza mari yekudzokorora. Yakagadzirwa nemananoengineers paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, San Diego, tekinoroji inoshamwaridzana nenharaunda pane nzira dziri kushandiswa parizvino. Inoshandisa zvinhu zvakasvibirira, inoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne80 kusvika 90 muzana, uye inoderedza kubudiswa kwegasi rinopisa ne75 muzana.

Vatsvakurudzi vanotsanangura basa ravo mune pepa rakabudiswa Nov. 12 muJoule.

Iyi nzira inonyanya kunaka kune cathodes yakagadzirwa ne lithium iron phosphate (LFP). LFP cathode mabhatiri akachipa kupfuura mamwe mabhatiri e-lithium nekuti haashandise simbi dzakakosha senge cobalt kana nickel. LFP mabhatiri zvakare akasimba uye akachengeteka. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemagetsi, mabhazi emagetsi uye magetsi emagetsi. Iyo Tesla Model 3 inoshandisawo mabhatiri eLFP.

“Tichifunga nezvezvakanakira izvi, mabhatiri eLFP achave nemukana wekukwikwidza pane mamwe mabhatiri e-lithium pamusika,” akadaro Zheng Chen, purofesa we nanoengineering paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, San Diego.

Pane dambudziko here? “Hazvidhure kugadzirisa mabhatiri aya.” “Inotarisana nedambudziko rakafanana nemapurasitiki – zvinhu zvacho pachazvo zvakachipa, asi nzira yekuzvigadzira zvakare haina kudhura,” Chen akadaro.

Tekinoroji nyowani dzakagadziridzwa naChen nechikwata chake dzinogona kuderedza mitengo iyi. Iyo tekinoroji inoshanda pakudziya kwakadzika (60 kusvika 80 madhigirii celsius) uye ambient pressure, saka inoshandisa magetsi mashoma pane dzimwe nzira. Uyezve, makemikari aanoshandisa, se lithium, nitrogen, mvura, uye citric acid, zvakachipa uye zvinyoro.

“Kudzokorodza kwese kunoitwa pasi pemamiriro akachengeteka, saka hatidi matanho akakosha ekuchengetedza kana michina yakakosha,” akadaro Pan Xu, munyori anotungamira wechidzidzo uye muongorori wepashure muChen’s lab. Ndosaka mari yedu yekudzokorodza bhatiri yakadzikira. ”

Chekutanga, vaongorori vakadzokorodza mabhatiri eLFP kudzamara varasikirwa nehafu yesimba ravo rekuchengetedza. Vakabva vabvisa bhatiri, ndokutora cathode powder yaro, ndokuinyudza mumushonga welithium munyu uye citric acid. Zvadaro, vaigeza mushonga wacho nemvura vorega hupfu hwacho huwome vasati vadziisa.

Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa poda kugadzira cathodes itsva, iyo yakaedzwa muButton masero uye masero ehomwe. Yayo electrochemical performance, makemikari kuumbwa uye chimiro zvakadzoserwa zvachose kune yekutanga mamiriro.

Sezvo bhatiri richiramba richishandiswazve, cathode inosangana nekuchinja kuviri kwakakosha kwemaitiro kunoderedza kushanda kwayo. Yokutanga ndiyo kurasikirwa kwe lithium ions, iyo inoumba voids mune cathode chimiro. Chechipiri, imwe shanduko yemaitiro yakaitika apo simbi ne lithium ions muchimiro chekristaro chakachinjana nzvimbo. Kana izvozvo zvangoitika, maion haakwanise kudzoka kumashure, saka maion lithium anonamira uye haakwanise kutenderera nebhatiri.

Nzira yekurapa inotsanangurwa muchidzidzo ichi inotanga kuzadzazve lithium ions, kuitira kuti ayoni esimbi uye lithium ion zvigone kuchinjika nyore kudzokera kunzvimbo dzazvo dzepakutanga, nekudaro kudzoreredza chimiro checathode. Nhanho yechipiri ndeye kushandisa citric acid, iyo inoshanda sechinhu chinoderedza kupa maerekitironi kune chimwe chinhu. Inotamisa maerekitironi kune ayoni esimbi, ichideredza yavo yakanaka charge. Izvi zvinoderedza kudzoreredzwa kweelectron uye zvinodzivirira maion esimbi kuti adzokere kunzvimbo dzawo dzepakutanga muchimiro chekristaro, uku achiburitsa lithium ions kudzokera kutenderera.

Kunyange zvazvo simba rose rekushandisa kwemaitiro ekudzokorodza rakaderera, vatsvakurudzi vanoti kumwe kutsvagisa kunodiwa pazvirongwa zvekuunganidza, kutakura uye kurasa mabhatiri akawanda.

“Dambudziko rinotevera ndere kuona maitiro ekugadzirisa aya maitiro ekugadzirisa.” “Izvi zvichaunza tekinoroji yedu yekudzokorora nhanho imwe padyo nekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri,” Chen akadaro.