E ‘ngoe ea mathata a ho tsosolosa ke hore litšenyehelo tsa thepa ka boeona li tlaase, ‘me mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa ha o theko e tlaase. Theknoloji e ncha e ts’epa ho matlafatsa ts’ebeliso ea libeteri tsa lithium ka ho fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho sebelisa metsoako e bolokang tikoloho.

Mokhoa o mocha oa phekolo o ka khutlisetsa thepa ea cathode e sebelisitsoeng boemong ba eona ba pele, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho tsosolosa. E thehiloe ke li-nanoengineers Univesithing ea California, San Diego, theknoloji e na le botsoalle ho feta mekhoa e sebelisoang hona joale. E sebelisa thepa e tala e tala, e fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla ka karolo ea 80 ho isa ho 90 lekholong, ’me e fokotsa ho ntšoa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše ka karolo ea 75 lekholong.

Bafuputsi ba qaqisa mosebetsi oa bona pampiring e hatisitsoeng Nov. 12 ho Joule.

Mokhoa ona o loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa li-cathodes tse entsoeng ka lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Libetri tsa LFP cathode li theko e tlase ho feta libeteri tse ling tsa lithium hobane ha li sebelise tšepe ea bohlokoa joalo ka cobalt kapa nickel. Libetri tsa LFP le tsona li tšoarella ho feta ebile li bolokehile. Li sebelisoa haholo lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, libese tsa motlakase le li-grids tsa motlakase. Tesla Model 3 e boetse e sebelisa libeteri tsa LFP.

“Ha ho nahanoa ka melemo ena, libeteri tsa LFP li tla ba le monyetla oa tlhōlisano ho feta libeteri tse ling tsa lithium ‘marakeng,” ho boletse Zheng Chen, moprofesa oa nanoengineering Univesithing ea California, San Diego.

Na ho na le bothata? Ha ho bitse chelete e ngata ho sebelisa libeteri tsena hape. “E tobane le bothata bo tšoanang le ba polasetiki – thepa ka boeona e theko e tlaase, empa mokhoa oa ho e sebelisa hape ha e theko e tlaase,” Chen o itse.

Theknoloji e ncha ea ho tsosolosa e entsoeng ke Chen le sehlopha sa hae e ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsena. Theknoloji e sebetsa ka mocheso o tlase (60 ho 80 likhato tsa Celsius) le khatello ea tikoloho, kahoo e sebelisa motlakase o fokolang ho feta mekhoa e meng. Ho feta moo, lik’hemik’hale tseo e li sebelisang, joalo ka lithium, naetrojene, metsi le citric acid, li theko e tlase ebile li bonolo.

“Ts’ebetso eohle ea ho tsosolosa e etsoa tlas’a maemo a sireletsehileng haholo, kahoo ha re hloke mehato leha e le efe e khethehileng ea tšireletso kapa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng,” ho boletse Pan Xu, mongoli ea ka sehloohong oa thuto le mofuputsi oa postdoctoral lab ea Chen. Ke ka lebaka leo litšenyehelo tsa rona tsa ho sebelisa betri li tlase. ”

Ntlha ea pele, bafuputsi ba ile ba tsosolosa libeteri tsa LFP ho fihlela ba lahleheloa ke halofo ea matla a bona a ho boloka. Eaba ba qhaqha betri, ba bokella phofo ea eona ea cathode, ‘me ba e kenya ka har’a motsoako oa letsoai la lithium le citric acid. Ka mor’a moo, ba ne ba hlatsoa motsoako ka metsi ‘me ba lumella phofo hore e ome pele ba e futhumatsa.

Bafuputsi ba ile ba sebelisa phofo ho etsa li-cathodes tse ncha, tse ‘nileng tsa lekoa ka lisele tsa Button le lisele tsa mokotla. Ts’ebetso ea eona ea electrochemical, sebopeho sa lik’hemik’hale le sebopeho li khutliselitsoe ka botlalo ho boemo ba pele.

Ha betri e ntse e tsoela pele ho sebelisoa hape, cathode e ba le liphetoho tse peli tsa bohlokoa tsa sebopeho tse fokotsang ts’ebetso ea eona. Ea pele ke tahlehelo ea li-ion tsa lithium, tse etsang li-voids mohahong oa cathode. Ea bobeli, phetoho e ‘ngoe ea sebopeho e etsahetse ha li-ion tsa tšepe le lithium mohahong oa kristale li fapanyetsana libaka. Hang ha seo se etsahala, li-ion ha li khone ho khutlela morao habonolo, kahoo li-ion tsa lithium lia khomarela ‘me ha li khone ho potoloha betri.

Mokhoa oa phekolo o hlahisitsoeng thutong ena o qala ka ho tlatsa li-ion tsa lithium, e le hore li-ion tsa tšepe le lithium ion li ka khutlisetsoa habonolo libakeng tsa tsona tsa pele, kahoo li khutlisetsa sebopeho sa cathode. Mohato oa bobeli ke ho sebelisa citric acid, e sebetsang e le ntho e fokotsang ho fana ka lielektrone ho ntho e ‘ngoe. E fetisetsa lielektrone ho li-ion tsa tšepe, ho fokotsa tefiso ea tsona e ntle. Sena se fokotsa ho tsosoa ha elektronike ‘me se thibela li-ion tsa tšepe hore li se ke tsa khutlela libakeng tsa tsona tsa pele mohahong oa kristale, ha li ntse li lokolla li-ion tsa lithium ho khutlela potolohong.

Le hoja tšebeliso ea matla ka kakaretso ea ts’ebetso ea ho tsosolosa e le tlase, bafuputsi ba re lipatlisiso tse ling lia hlokahala mabapi le thepa ea ho bokella, ho tsamaisa le ho lahla libethe tse ngata.

“Phephetso e latelang ke ho fumana mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa lits’ebetso tsena tsa thepa.” “Sena se tla tlisa theknoloji ea rona ea ho tsosolosa mohato o le mong haufi le ts’ebeliso ea indasteri,” Chen o itse.