Iibhetri ze-lithium zebhetri ze-lithium zivuse umdla omkhulu kunye nengqalelo kumandla abo athile aphezulu, ubomi bomjikelo omde, uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokusebenza kunye nezinye iimpawu. Yintoni ekhangayo ngokukodwa kukuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo leebhetri kumjikelo ngamnye aliphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ukuhla. Abavelisi bebhetri be-lithium balandelayo baya kuzisa izibonelelo kunye neempawu zeebhetri ze-lithium ngokweenkcukacha.
Abavelisi bebhetri yeLithium bachaza ngokufutshane iimpawu kunye neenzuzo zeebhetri ze-lithium

Iibhetri ze-lithium zebhetri ze-lithium zivuse umdla omkhulu kunye nengqalelo kumandla abo athile aphezulu, ubomi bomjikelo omde, uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokusebenza kunye nezinye iimpawu. Yintoni ekhangayo ngokukodwa kukuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo leebhetri kumjikelo ngamnye aliphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ukuhla. Abavelisi bebhetri be-lithium balandelayo baya kuzisa izibonelelo kunye neempawu zeebhetri ze-lithium ngokweenkcukacha.

Abavelisi bebhetri yeLithium

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iibhetri zesekondari zamandla aphezulu (ezifana neebhetri ze-Ni-Cd, iibhetri ze-Ni-MH, njl.), abavelisi bebhetri ye-lithium-ion banenzuzo ebalulekileyo yokusebenza, ngokukodwa kule miba ilandelayo.

Umbane osebenzayo ophezulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu okhethekileyo

Ukusebenzisa iikhompawundi ze-carbonaceous lithium intercalation ezifana negraphite okanye petroleum coke endaweni ye-lithium njengoko i-electrode engeyiyo iya kubangela ukuba umbane webhetri wehle. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokufakwa kwabo kwe-lithium ephantsi, ukulahleka kwe-voltage kunokuncitshiswa kumda ophantsi. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhetha i-lithium intercalation ikhompawundi efanelekileyo njenge-electrode efanelekileyo yebhetri kunye nokukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo ye-electrolyte (emisela ifestile ye-electrochemical yebhetri ye-lithium) inokwenza ibhetri ye-lithium ibe nombane osebenzayo ophezulu (-4V), obizwa ngokuba yi-electrolyte window. iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yebhetri yenkqubo yamanzi. .

Nangona ukutshintshwa kwe-lithium ngezinto zekhabhoni kuya kunciphisa umthamo othile wezinto eziphathekayo, enyanisweni, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ibhetri inobomi bomjikelo othile kwibhetri yesibini ye-lithium, i-electrode negative lithium idla ngokuphindwe kathathu ngokugqithisileyo. ngoko umgangatho webhetri ye-lithium kumenzi webhetri ye-lithium Ukwehla kwangempela kumthamo othile akukhulu, kwaye umthamo ochanekileyo awunciphisi.

Ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu, izinga lokuzikhupha eliphantsi

Amandla ombane aphezulu okusebenza kunye nomthamo othe ngqo wevolumetric umisela ubuninzi bamandla obuphezulu bebhetri ye-lithium yesibini. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-Ni-Cd ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku kunye neebhetri ze-Ni-MH, iibhetri ze-lithium yesibini zinoxinano lwamandla aphezulu kwaye zisenamandla amakhulu ophuhliso.

Abavelisi bebhetri yeLithium basebenzisa iinkqubo ze-electrolyte ezingenamanzi kwiibhetri ze-lithium, kunye ne-lithium-intercalated carbon materials are thermodynamically unstable in non-aqueous electrolyte systems. Ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, ukucuthwa kwe-electrolyte kuya kwenza ifilimu eqinileyo ye-electrolyte intermediate (SEI) kumphezulu we-carbon negative electrode, ivumela i-lithium ion ukuba idlule kodwa ingavumeli ii-electron ukuba zidlule, kunye nokwenza i-electrode esebenzayo yezinto eziphathekayo. amazwe ahlawuliweyo ahlukeneyo kwimeko ezinzileyo ngokulinganayo, ngoko ke inezinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko, ubomi bomjikelo omde

Isizathu sokuba abavelisi bebhetri ye-lithium basebenzisa i-lithium njengebhetri ye-anode ayikhuselekanga ngenxa yokuba intlawulo eninzi kunye nokukhutshwa kutshintsha isakhiwo se-electrode efanelekileyo yebhetri ye-lithium ion, eyenza i-dendrites e-porous. Xa iqondo lobushushu linyukile, liya kuba nefuthe elinobundlobongela exothermic kunye ne-electrolyte, kwaye i-Dendrites inokugqobhoza i-diaphragm kwaye ibangele imijikelezo emfutshane yangaphakathi. Iibhetri zeLithium azinayo le ngxaki kwaye zikhuselekile kakhulu.

Ukuze ugweme ubukho be-lithium kwibhetri, umenzi webhetri ye-lithium uncoma ukuba i-voltage ilawulwe xa itshaja. Ngenxa yokhuseleko, ibhetri ye-lithium ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezininzi zokhuseleko. Ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha iibhetri ze-lithium, akukho tshintsho lwesakhiwo ekufakweni kunye nokuchithwa kwe-lithium ion kwi-cathode kunye ne-anode (i-lattice iya kwanda kwaye inkontileka ngexesha lokufakwa kunye nenkqubo ye-deintercalation), kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-lithium intercalation compound. izinzile ngaphezu kwe-lithium, i-Lithium dendrites ayiyi kwenziwa ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha inkqubo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kokhuseleko lwebhetri, kwaye ubomi bomjikelezo bubuye buphuculwe kakhulu.