Abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium amabhethri e-lithium avuse isithakazelo esikhulu nokunaka kwamandla abo athile aphezulu, impilo yomjikelezo omude, ububanzi bokushisa obusebenzayo nezinye izici. Okukhangayo ikakhulukazi ukuthi inani lentengo lamabhethri ngomjikelezo ngamunye aliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuthambekela kokwehla. Abakhiqizi bebhethri be-lithium abalandelayo bazokwethula izinzuzo nezici zamabhethri e-lithium ngokuningiliziwe.
Abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium bachaza kafushane izici nezinzuzo zamabhethri e-lithium

Abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium amabhethri e-lithium avuse isithakazelo esikhulu nokunaka kwamandla abo athile aphezulu, impilo yomjikelezo omude, ububanzi bokushisa obusebenzayo nezinye izici. Okukhangayo ikakhulukazi ukuthi inani lentengo lamabhethri ngomjikelezo ngamunye aliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuthambekela kokwehla. Abakhiqizi bebhethri be-lithium abalandelayo bazokwethula izinzuzo nezici zamabhethri e-lithium ngokuningiliziwe.

Abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium

Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhethri esibili anamandla aphezulu (njengamabhethri e-Ni-Cd, amabhethri e-Ni-MH, njll.), abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium-ion banezinzuzo eziphawulekayo zokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezicini ezilandelayo.

I-voltage ephezulu yokusebenza kanye nomthamo omkhulu othize

Ukusebenzisa izinhlanganisela ze-carbonaceous lithium intercalation njenge-graphite noma i-petroleum coke esikhundleni se-lithium njengoba i-electrode eyinegethivu izobangela ukwehla kwamandla ebhethri. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yekhono labo eliphansi lokufaka i-lithium, ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi kungancishiswa kube umkhawulo ophansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhetha inhlanganisela efanele ye-lithium intercalation njenge-electrode evumayo yebhethri nokukhetha isistimu ye-electrolyte efanele (enquma iwindi le-electrochemical yebhethri le-lithium) kungenza ibhethri ye-lithium ibe namandla okushisa aphezulu (-4V), okungukuthi liphakeme kakhulu kunalelo lebhethri lesistimu enamanzi. .

Nakuba ukushintshwa kwe-lithium ngezinto ze-carbon kuzonciphisa umthamo othize wezinto ezibonakalayo, empeleni, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhethri inokuphila komjikelezo othile ebhethri lesibili le-lithium, i-electrode negative lithium ngokuvamile ingaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu, ngakho-ke ikhwalithi yebhethri ye-lithium kumkhiqizi webhethri ye-lithium Ukwehla kwangempela kumthamo othize akukukhulu, futhi umthamo othize wevolumu awunciphi neze.

Ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, izinga eliphansi lokuzikhulula

Amandla kagesi aphezulu okusebenza kanye nomthamo othize we-volumetric kunquma ukuminyana okuphezulu kwamandla ebhethri lesibili le-lithium. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-Ni-Cd asetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje kanye namabhethri e-Ni-MH, amabhethri e-lithium yesibili anomthamo omkhulu wamandla futhi asenamandla amakhulu okuthuthuka.

Abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium basebenzisa amasistimu e-electrolyte angewona amanzi kumabhethri e-lithium, futhi izinto ze-lithium-intercalated carbon azinzile ngokwe-thermodynamically kumasistimu we-electrolyte angenamanzi. Phakathi nenqubo yokushaja nokukhipha, ukuncishiswa kwe-electrolyte kuzokwakha ifilimu eqinile ye-electrolyte intermediate (SEI) ebusweni be-carbon negative electrode, okuvumela i-lithium ion ukuba idlule kodwa ingavumeli ama-electron ukuba adlule, futhi yenze izinto ezisebenzayo ze-electrode. izifundazwe ezikhokhisiwe ezihlukene esimweni esizinze ngokulinganiselwe, ngakho-ke inenani eliphansi lokuzikhulula.

Ukusebenza kahle kokuphepha, impilo yomjikelezo omude

Isizathu sokuthi kungani abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium basebenzisa i-lithium njengebhethri ye-anode ayiphephile ngoba ukushaja okuningi nokukhipha kushintsha ukwakheka kwe-electrode enhle yebhethri ye-lithium ion, okwenza ama-dendrites ambobozekile. Uma izinga lokushisa lenyuswa, lizoba nokusabela okunamandla kwe-exothermic nge-electrolyte, futhi ama-Dendrites angakwazi ukubhoboza i-diaphragm futhi abangele amasekhethi amafushane angaphakathi. Amabhethri e-lithium awanayo le nkinga futhi aphephe kakhulu.

Ukuze ugweme ukuba khona kwe-lithium ebhethrini, umenzi webhethri ye-lithium uncoma ukuthi i-voltage ilawulwe lapho ishaja. Ngenxa yokuphepha, ibhethri ye-lithium ifakwe izinto eziningi zokuphepha. Ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha amabhethri e-lithium, alukho ushintsho lwesakhiwo ekufakweni nasekuhlukaniseni i-lithium ion ku-cathode ne-anode (i-lattice izokhula futhi inciphe ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye nenqubo ye-deintercalation), futhi ngenxa yokuthi inhlanganisela ye-lithium intercalation izinzile ngaphezu kwe-lithium, i-Lithium dendrites ngeke ibunjwe ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha inqubo, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kokuphepha kwebhethri, futhi impilo yomjikelezo nayo ithuthukisiwe kakhulu.