A baya, saboda karancin masana’antar ajiyar makamashi da kuma yadda har yanzu ba ta shiga cikin cikakken yanayin tattalin arziki ba, kasuwancin ajiyar makamashi na kamfanoni daban-daban yana da karancin kaso kuma yawan kasuwancin ya yi kadan. A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, tare da raguwar farashin masana’antu da haɓaka buƙatu, kasuwancin ajiyar makamashi Yana samun ci gaba cikin sauri.

Ma’ajiyar makamashi gabaɗaya ta ƙunshi nau’ikan ajiyar makamashin lantarki iri uku, ajiyar makamashi ta thermal da ajiyar makamashin hydrogen, wanda ajiyar makamashin lantarki shine babba. Ma’ajiyar makamashin lantarki ya kasu kashi-kashi zuwa ajiyar makamashin lantarki da makamashin injina. Adana makamashin lantarki a halin yanzu shine fasahar adana wutar lantarki da aka fi amfani da ita tare da mafi girman yuwuwar haɓakawa. Yana da fa’idodi na rashin tasiri ga yanayin ƙasa, ɗan gajeren lokacin gini, da tattalin arziki. Amfani.

Dangane da nau’ikan tsari, ajiyar makamashin lantarki ya ƙunshi batura lithium-ion, baturan ajiyar gubar, da batir sodium-sulfur.

Batirin ajiyar makamashi na Lithium-ion suna da halaye na tsawon rai, ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, da ƙarfin daidaita yanayin muhalli. Tare da balaga na hanyoyin kasuwanci da ci gaba da raguwar farashi, batir lithium-ion a hankali suna maye gurbin batir ajiyar gubar mai rahusa, waɗanda suka fi ƙarfin aiki. A cikin tarin makamashin makamashin lantarki da aka shigar daga 2000 zuwa 2019, batir lithium-ion sun kai kashi 87%, wanda ya zama babbar hanyar fasaha.

Ana iya rarraba batirin lithium-ion zuwa batura masu amfani, wuta da makamashi bisa ga filayen aikace-aikacen su.

Nau’o’in baturi na yau da kullun na baturan ajiyar makamashi sun haɗa da batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe da batir lithium na ternary. Tare da magance matsalar yawan kuzarin batir phosphate na lithium iron phosphate, adadin batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe ya ƙaru kowace shekara.

Lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate baturi yana da ƙarfi thermal kwanciyar hankali da kuma high tsarin da kwanciyar hankali na tabbataccen lantarki abu. Amincinsa da rayuwar zagayowar sa sun fi batir lithium na ternary, kuma ba ya ƙunshi ƙarfe masu daraja. Yana da cikakkiyar fa’idar farashi kuma ya fi dacewa da buƙatun tsarin ajiyar makamashi.

A halin yanzu ma’ajiyar makamashin lantarki ta ƙasata ta dogara ne akan batir lithium, kuma ci gabanta ya ƙaru. Ƙarfin da aka haɗa shi ya kai fiye da rabin jimlar ƙarfin da aka girka na kasuwar ajiyar makamashin sinadarai ta ƙasata.

Bisa kididdigar da GGII ta yi, an ce, jigilar batir ajiyar makamashi ta kasar Sin a shekarar 2020 zai kai 16.2GWh, wanda zai karu da kashi 71 cikin dari a duk shekara, inda adadin makamashin lantarki ya kai 6.6GWh, adadin da ya kai kashi 41%, kuma ajiyar makamashin sadarwa ya kai 7.4GWh. , lissafin kashi 46%. Sauran sun hada da zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa na birni. Batirin lithium don ajiyar makamashi a cikin sufuri, masana’antu da sauran fannoni.

GGII ya yi hasashen cewa jigilar batir ɗin makamashin Sin zai kai 68GWh nan da shekarar 2025, kuma CAGR zai wuce 30% daga 2020 zuwa 2025.

Batirin ajiyar makamashi yana mai da hankali kan ƙarfin baturi, kwanciyar hankali da rayuwa, kuma kuyi la’akari da daidaiton ƙirar baturi, ƙimar faɗaɗa kayan baturi da ƙarfin kuzari, daidaiton kayan aikin lantarki da sauran buƙatu don cimma rayuwa mai tsayi da ƙarancin farashi, da adadin zagayowar ajiyar makamashi. batura Ana buƙatar tsawon rayuwar gabaɗaya ya zama fiye da sau 3500.

Daga yanayin yanayin aikace-aikacen, ana amfani da batir ajiyar makamashi galibi don sabis na taimako mafi girma da daidaitawa na mitar wutar lantarki, haɗin grid na makamashi mai sabuntawa, microgrid da sauran filayen.

Tashar tushe ta 5G ita ce ainihin kayan aiki na cibiyar sadarwar 5G. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da tashoshi na macro da ƙananan tashoshi tare. Tun da yawan makamashin da ake amfani da shi shine sau da yawa na lokacin 4G, ana buƙatar tsarin ajiyar makamashi mafi girma na lithium. Daga cikin su, ana iya amfani da batir ajiyar makamashi a cikin tashar macro. Yin aiki azaman samar da wutar lantarki na gaggawa don tashoshin tushe da aiwatar da aikin gyaran kololuwa da cika kwari, haɓaka wutar lantarki da maye gurbin gubar zuwa-lithium sune yanayin gaba ɗaya.

Don nau’ikan kasuwanci kamar rarraba wutar lantarki mai zafi da kuma ajiyar makamashin da aka raba, ingantaccen tsarin da dabarun sarrafawa suma mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da bambance-bambancen tattalin arziki tsakanin ayyukan. Ajiye makamashi tsari ne mai tsauri, kuma gabaɗayan masu siyar da mafita waɗanda ke fahimtar ajiyar makamashi, grid ɗin wutar lantarki, da ma’amaloli ana sa ran za su fice a gasar ta gaba.

Tsarin kasuwar baturi na ajiyar makamashi

Akwai manyan nau’ikan mahalarta guda biyu a cikin kasuwar tsarin ajiyar makamashi: masana’antun batir da PCS (mai canza ma’ajiyar kuzari).

Masu kera batirin da ke tura batir ajiyar makamashi suna wakiltar LG Chem, CATL, BYD, Fasahar Paineng, da sauransu, bisa tushen masana’anta na batir don faɗaɗa ƙasa.

Kasuwancin baturi na CATL da sauran masana’antun har yanzu batir masu ƙarfi ne ke mamaye su, kuma sun fi sanin tsarin lantarki. A halin yanzu, galibi suna samar da batura da na’urori masu adana makamashi, waɗanda ke cikin saman sarkar masana’antu; Fasahar Paineng tana mai da hankali kan kasuwar ajiyar makamashi kuma tana da sarkar masana’antu mai tsayi, Mai iya ba abokan ciniki tare da hanyoyin haɗin kai don tsarin ajiyar makamashi wanda ya dace da samfuran.

Ta fuskar ci gaban kasuwa, a kasuwannin cikin gida, CATL da BYD duk suna jin daɗin manyan hannun jari; a kasuwannin ketare, jigilar kayan ajiyar makamashi na BYD a cikin 2020 yana cikin manyan kamfanonin cikin gida.

Masana’antun PCS, wanda Sungrow ke wakilta, suna da tashoshi na ƙasa da ƙasa don masana’antar inverter don tara ƙa’idodin balagagge shekaru da yawa, da haɗa hannu tare da Samsung da sauran masana’antun batir don faɗaɗa sama.

Batirin ajiyar makamashi da layin samar da baturi suna da fasaha iri ɗaya. Sabili da haka, shugabannin baturi na yanzu na iya dogara da fasahar su da kuma sikelin fa’ida a cikin filin baturi na lithium don shiga filin ajiyar makamashi da fadada tsarin kasuwancin su.

Duba da tsarin gasar hada-hadar hada-hadar kudi ta masana’antar adana makamashi ta duniya, domin Tesla, LG Chem, Samsung SDI da sauran masana’antun sun fara ne tun farkon kasuwar ajiyar makamashi ta ketare, kuma bukatuwar kasuwa a yanzu a fannin ajiyar makamashi ya fi fitowa daga kasashen waje, cikin gida. Ma’ajiyar makamashi Buƙatu kaɗan ne. A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, an fadada buƙatar ajiyar makamashi tare da fashewar kasuwar motocin lantarki.

Kamfanonin cikin gida a halin yanzu suna tura batir ajiyar makamashi kuma sun haɗa da Yiwei Lithium Energy, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, da Penghui Energy.

Masu kera shugabanni suna kan gaba a matakin aminci da takaddun shaida. Misali, maganin ajiyar makamashi na gida na zamanin Ningde ya wuce gwaje-gwaje biyar, ciki har da IEC62619 da UL 1973, da BYD BYDcube T28 ya wuce gwajin tserewar zafi na Rheinland na Jamus Rheinland TVUL9540A. Wannan ita ce masana’antar bayan daidaitawar masana’antar ajiyar makamashi. Ana sa ran tattarawa zai ƙara ƙaruwa.

Daga bunkasuwar kasuwar ajiyar makamashi ta cikin gida, da mahangar bunkasar kasuwar ajiyar makamashi ta cikin gida, da sabuwar kasuwar adana makamashin cikin gida da za ta kai Yuan biliyan 100 nan da shekaru XNUMX masu zuwa, da samar da kayayyaki masu inganci na kamfanoni irinsu. kamar yadda Ningde Times da Yiwei Lithium Energy a cikin filin batir na wutar lantarki ke iya daidaita kasuwancin cikin gida. Alamar tashar tambarin kasar Sin, yayin da kamfanonin cikin gida ke raba ci gaban masana’antu, ana sa ran kasonsu na kasuwa a kasuwannin duniya zai karu sosai.

Binciken Sarkar Masana’antar Batirin Ajiye Makamashi

A cikin tsarin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, baturi shine mafi mahimmanci na tsarin ajiyar makamashi. Dangane da kididdigar BNEF, farashin baturi yana lissafin fiye da 50% na tsarin ajiyar makamashi.

Farashin tsarin baturi na ajiyar makamashi ya ƙunshi hadedde farashi kamar batura, sassa na tsari, BMS, kabad, kayan taimako, da farashin masana’antu. Batura suna lissafin kusan kashi 80% na farashi, kuma farashin Kunshin (ciki har da sassa na tsari, BMS, hukuma, kayan taimako, farashin masana’anta, da sauransu) ya kai kusan kashi 20% na farashin fakitin baturi.

A matsayin ƙananan masana’antun da ke da ƙwarewar fasaha mai girma, batura da BMS suna da ingantacciyar shingen fasaha. Babban shingen shinge shine sarrafa farashin baturi, aminci, SOC (Jihar Cajin) gudanarwa, da sarrafa ma’auni.

Tsarin samar da tsarin batirin makamashi ya kasu kashi biyu. A cikin sashin samar da samfurin baturi, ƙwayoyin da suka wuce binciken suna haɗuwa a cikin nau’ikan baturi ta hanyar yanke shafin, shigar da tantanin halitta, ƙirar shafin, walda laser, marufi da sauran matakai; a cikin sashin tsarin tsarin, sun wuce dubawa Ana haɗa nau’ikan baturi da allon kewayawa na BMS a cikin tsarin da aka gama, sa’an nan kuma shigar da mahaɗin marufi da aka gama bayan dubawa na farko, babban zafin jiki da kuma duba na biyu.

Sarkar masana’antar batir ajiyar makamashi:

Source: Ningde Times Prospectus
Ƙimar ajiyar makamashi ba kawai tattalin arziki na aikin kanta ba ne, amma kuma ya fito ne daga fa’idodin inganta tsarin. Bisa ga “JAGORA Ra’ayin kan gaggauta ci gaban da New Energy Storage (Daftarin for Comment)”, da matsayi na makamashi ajiya matsayin mai zaman kanta kasuwar mahaluži ana sa ran za a tabbatar. Bayan tattalin arziƙin ayyukan ajiyar makamashi da kansu suna kusa da matakin saka hannun jari, sarrafa tsarin ajiyar makamashi da dabarun ƙididdigewa suna tasiri sosai ga samun kuɗin shiga na sabis.

Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na electrochemical na yanzu yana kan matakin farko na haɓakawa, samfura da ka’idodin gini ba su cika ba tukuna, kuma ba a ƙaddamar da manufar tantance ajiya ba.

Yayin da farashin ke ci gaba da faɗuwa kuma aikace-aikacen kasuwanci ke ƙara girma, fa’idodin fasahar adana makamashin lantarki sun zama mafi bayyane kuma sannu a hankali sun zama babban tushen sabbin kayan ajiyar makamashi. A nan gaba, kamar yadda tasirin sikelin masana’antar batirin lithium ya ƙara bayyana, har yanzu akwai babban ɗaki don rage farashi da fa’idodin ci gaba.