Cajin 70% sabon nasara a cikin ‘yan mintuna kaɗan

Batirin lithium sanannu ne na lantarki waɗanda a yanzu ake amfani da su a cikin wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin littafin rubutu da motocin lantarki. Amma batirin lithium kuma an san su da tsayin rayuwarsu da gajeriyar rayuwa. Kwanan nan, wata ƙungiya daga Jami’ar Fasaha ta Nanyang ta Singapore (Jami’ar Fasaha ta Nanyang) ta haɓaka sabon nau’in azumi. Ana iya yin cajin wannan baturi cikakke da kashi 70% na wuta a cikin mintuna biyu kuma ana iya amfani da shi tsawon shekaru 20, wanda ya fi ƙarfin baturi a lokacin.

Batura lithium galibi sun ƙunshi ingantattun bayanan lantarki (kamar lithium cobalt oxygen), electrolyte da bayanan lantarki mara kyau (kamar graphite). Yayin aiwatar da caji, ions lithium suna hazo daga lithium cobalt-oxygen lattice na anode kuma ana saka su a cikin graphite flake ta hanyar electrolyte. A lokacin aikin fitarwa, ions lithium suna tserewa daga lattice na graphite kuma ana saka su cikin lithium cobalt oxygen ta hanyar electrolyte. Hakanan ana kiran batir lithium baturin kujeru na rocking saboda suna jujjuyawa baya da gaba tsakanin ingantattun na’urorin lantarki da mara kyau yayin caji da fitarwa. A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, masana kimiyya suna haɓaka sabbin nau’ikan batura na lithium, musamman batir lithium-sulfur masu girma, batir lithium-oxygen da batir nano-silicon, amma saboda rikice-rikicensu, tsada, da gajeriyar rayuwar sabis, tasirin da yawa. ba a inganta ba.

Ba za a iya cajin baturan lithium na gargajiya da sauri ba, musamman saboda halayen aminci na graphite electrodes. Lokacin da baturi ke aiki, an samar da wani ƙwaƙƙwaran membrane na electrolyte a saman na’urar, wanda zai toshe sawun lithium ions kuma ya rage gudu. Babban fasalin wannan sabon nau’in batirin lithium shine cewa yana amfani da ultra-dong titanium dioxide nanotube gel azaman cathode maimakon kayan graphite na gargajiya. Wannan sabon abu baya samar da membrane na electrolyte, kuma ana iya shigar da ions lithium da sauri, ta yadda ake samun saurin caji. Sakamakon tsari na musamman na titanium dioxide nanogel mai girma daya, sabon baturi ya sami ci gaba ta fuskar rayuwar sabis, wanda za’a iya sake sarrafa shi sau dubbai. A farashin rana, ana iya amfani da shi fiye da shekaru 20. Bugu da ƙari, titanium dioxide (wanda aka fi sani da titanium dioxide) da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan binciken yana da ƙananan farashi, sauƙi na sarrafawa, mai dacewa mai kyau, babban aminci, kuma ana iya haɗa shi ba tare da wata matsala ba tare da fasahar da ake da ita, kuma yiwuwar aikace-aikacen masana’antu yana da fadi sosai.

Batura lithium sun fito a cikin 1970s. A cikin 1991, Sony ya ƙaddamar da batura lithium na farko na kasuwanci, wanda ya kawo sauyi ga na’urorin lantarki. Duk da cewa an yi amfani da batir na lithium sosai, amma rayuwar batir da rayuwar su ba ta cimma nasara ba, wanda kuma ke hana saurin ci gaban motocin lantarki da sauran masana’antu. Wannan sabon ci gaba na iya samun tasiri mai yawa a yankuna da yawa. A cikin na’urorin hannu, sabbin batura na iya hana kariya ta tilas na wasu na’urorin lantarki. Har ila yau, masana’antar motocin lantarki za su amfana sosai, ba wai kawai saboda ana iya rage lokacin caji daga ƴan sa’o’i zuwa ƴan mintuna ba, amma kuma saboda masu amfani da su ba za su canza batura masu tsada ba (wanda aka kashe kimanin $ 10,000) don ci gaba da inganta fa’idar. motocin lantarki.

Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin, ci gaban batirin lithium yana fuskantar matsala: idan kuna son ƙara ƙarfin aiki, dole ne ku sadaukar da saurin caji da rayuwar sake zagayowar, wanda ke da wahala a kula da babban ƙarfin. A nan gaba, don maye gurbin batura, a gefe guda, ya zama dole don ci gaba da bincike kan sifofin aminci irin su m da Semi-m electrolytes, a gefe guda, ya zama dole don hanzarta bincike da haɓaka babban ƙarfin. bayanan cathode don cimma nasara a cikin yawan kuzarin batir lithium. A taƙaice, tabbataccen na’urori masu inganci da marasa kyau da bayanan lantarki na baturi dole ne su yi aiki tare don samun babban ci gaba ta fuskar tsari da iya aiki.