Mune photovoltaic system, magetsi emagetsi ane mabasa maviri makuru: rimwe ndiro basa rekuparadzanisa magetsi, iro rinocheka kubatanidza magetsi pakati pe photovoltaic module, inverter, kabati yekugovera magetsi uye grid panguva yekuisa nekugadzirisa, uye inopa anoshanda. ine Munzvimbo yakachengeteka, chiito ichi chinonyatsozivikanwa nemushandisi; chechipiri ibasa rekuchengetedza kuchengetedza, apo magetsi emagetsi ane overcurrent, overvoltage, short circuit, overtemperature uye leakage current, inogona kudzima dunhu kuitira kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu nemidziyo. Ichi chiito chinoitika otomatiki nekuchinja.

Nokudaro, kana rwendo rwekuchinja ruchiitika mune photovoltaic system, chikonzero ndechokuti shanduko inogona kunge iine overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, uye leakage current. Inotevera inoongorora mhinduro kune zvinokonzera mamiriro ega ega.

1 Chikonzero chezvino

Rudzi urwu rwemhosho ndiyo yakajairika, sarudzo yedunhu idiki kana kuti mhando haina kukwana. Paunenge uchigadzira, tanga kuverenga huwandu hwemazuva ano hwedunhu. Iyo yakarongerwa ikozvino yekuchinja inofanira kudarika 1.1 nguva kusvika 1.2 nguva yakawanda yezvino yedunhu. Kutonga kwekutanga: usagumbuke panguva dzakajairwa, uye rwendo chete kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka uye simba reiyo photovoltaic system yakakwira. Sarudzo: Dzorera mutsigiri wedunhu nehombe yakayerwa ikozvino kana dunhu rinoputika nemhando yakavimbika.

Kune marudzi maviri edikidiki redunhu mabreaker, C mhando uye D mhando. Aya ndiwo marudzi erwendo. Musiyano uripo pakati peC mhando uye D mhando mutsauko mune pfupi-yedunhu pakarepo rwendo rwazvino, uye iyo yakawandisa yekudzivirira yakafanana. Iyo C-mhando yemagineti rwendo rwazvino ndeye (5-10) Mu, zvinoreva kuti inofamba kana ikozvino iri ka10 yakayerwa ikozvino, uye nguva yekuita ishoma pane kana kuenzana ne 0.1 sekondi, iyo yakakodzera kudzivirira mitoro yakajairwa. Iyo D-mhando yemagineti rwendo rwazvino ndeye (10-20) mukati, zvinoreva kuti inofamba kana ikozvino iri ka20 yakayerwa ikozvino, uye nguva yekuita ishoma pane kana kuenzana ne0.1 masekonzi. Inokodzera kuchengetedza michina ine yakakwira inrush ikozvino. Kana paine midziyo yemagetsi yakadai sematransformer pamberi uye mushure mekuchinja, uye paine inrush ikozvino mushure mekunge simba radzimwa, mhando yeD circuit breakers inofanira kusarudzwa. Kana mutsara usina inductive midziyo yakadai se transformers, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza mhando C circuit breakers.

2 Chikonzero chemagetsi

Mhosva yerudzi urwu ishoma. Pane yakayerwa voltage pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvedunhu rinotyora, kazhinji 250V yedanda rimwe chete. Kana voltage iyi ikapfuudzwa, inogona kutsika. Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zviviri: chimwe ndechekuti iyo yakatemerwa voltage yedunhu inoputika inosarudzwa zvisizvo; imwe yacho ndeyokuti kana simba re photovoltaic system rakakura kudarika simba remutoro, inverter inowedzera simba rekutumira simba. Kutonga hwaro: Shandisa multimeter kuyera yakavhurika yedunhu voltage, iyo inodarika yakayerwa voltage yedunhu rinotyora. Sarudzo: Tsiva chinotyora chedunhu nechapamusoro rated voltage kana tambo ine yakakura waya dhayamita kuderedza mutsara impedance.

3 Zvinokonzera tembiricha

Kukanganisa kwerudzi urwu kunowanikwawo. Iyo yakayerwa ikozvino inotarwa nedunhu breaker ndiyo yakanyanya ikozvino iyo mudziyo unogona kupfuura kwenguva yakareba kana tembiricha iri makumi matatu madhigirii. Ikozvino inoderedzwa ne30% kune yega yega 5 madhigirii kuwedzera kwekushisa. Iyo circuit breaker zvakare inodziya sosi nekuda kwekuvapo kwevanobatika. Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvekupisa kwakanyanya kwemugero wedunhu: chimwe kusabatana kwakashata pakati pedunhu rinopwanya uye tambo, kana kusangana kwemutsigiri wedunhu pachayo hakuna kunaka, uye kuramba kwemukati kwakakura, izvo zvinokonzeresa tembiricha. muparadzi wedunhu kusimuka; imwe yacho inzvimbo iyo inopwanya wedunhu yakaiswa. Yakavharirwa kupisa kupisa hakuna kunaka.

Mutongo wekutonga: Kana iyo yedunhu iri kuita, ibate neruoko rwako uye unzwe kuti tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, kana iwe unogona kuona kuti tembiricha yeterminal yakakwira zvakanyanya, kana kunhuhwirira kwekutsva.

Solution: re-wiring, kana kutsiva redunhu breaker.

4 Chikonzero chekudonha

Mutsetse kana kumwe kutadza kwemidziyo yemagetsi, kumwe kudonha kwemidziyo yemagetsi, kubuda kwemutsara, chikamu kana DC mutsara wekuvharisa kukuvara.

Kutonga kwekutanga: kuderera kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira pakati pemapango akanaka uye asina kunaka emu module uye AC phase wire, pakati pemapango akanaka uye asina kunaka emu module, tambo yechikamu uye tambo yepasi.

Solution: tsvaga uye kutsiva midziyo yakaipa uye waya.

Kana rwendo ruchikonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekudonha, chikonzero chinofanirwa kuwanikwa uye kukanganisa kubviswa kusati kwavhara zvakare. Kuvhara nechisimba kunorambidzwa zvachose. Kana iyo leakage circuit breaker ikatsemuka uye kufamba, mubato uri pakati penzvimbo. Kana uchivhara zvakare, chibatiso chekushanda chinoda kuendeswa pasi (kupwanya chinzvimbo) kukiya zvakare mashandisirwo ekushandisa, wobva wavhara kumusoro.

Nzira yekusarudza chidziviriro chekuvuza kwe photovoltaic system: Sezvo photovoltaic modules yakaiswa kunze, iyo DC voltage yakakwira zvikuru kana matunhu akawanda akabatanidzwa munhevedzano, uye ma modules achave ane shoma shoma yekudonha ikozvino pasi. Naizvozvo, kana uchisarudza leakage switch, gadzirisa iyo leakage ikozvino yekudzivirira kukosha zvinoenderana nehukuru hweiyo system. Kazhinji, yakajairwa 30mA leakage switch inokodzera chete kuisirwa mune imwe-chikamu 5kW kana matatu-chikamu 10kW system. Kana iyo simba ikapfuudzwa, iyo leakage ikozvino yekudzivirira kukosha inofanira kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera.

Kana iyo photovoltaic system yakashongedzerwa yekuzviparadzanisa transformer, inogona kuderedza kuitika kwekudonha ikozvino, asi kana iyo yekuzviparadzanisa transformer wiring isiriyo, kana pane dambudziko rekudonha, inogona kutsika nekuda kwekudonha ikozvino.

Summarize

Chiitiko chekuchinja rwendo chinoitika mune photovoltaic system. Kana iri chiteshi chemagetsi chakaiswa kwenguva yakareba, chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri dambudziko re wiring redunhu kana dambudziko rekukwegura rekuchinja. Kana iri chiteshi chemagetsi chichangobva kuisirwa, panogona kunge paine matambudziko akadai sekusarudzwa kwakashata kwemaswichi, kuvharisa mutsetse usina kunaka, uye kushomeka kwetransformer.