Kwinkqubo ye-photovoltaic, utshintsho lombane lunemisebenzi emibini ephambili: enye ngumsebenzi wokuhlukanisa umbane, onqumla uxhulumaniso lombane phakathi kwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, i-inverter, ikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla kunye negridi ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye unikezela umqhubi. nge Kwimeko-bume ekhuselekileyo, esi senzo siphunyezwa ngumsebenzisi; okwesibini ngumsebenzi wokukhusela ukhuseleko, xa inkqubo yombane ine-overcurrent, overvoltage, isiphaluka esifutshane, i-overtemperature kunye nokuvuza kwangoku, inokunqumla ngokuzenzekelayo isiphaluka ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwabantu kunye nezixhobo. Esi senzo sifezekiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokutshintsha.

Ngoko ke, xa uhambo lokutshintsha lwenzeka kwinkqubo ye-photovoltaic, isizathu kukuba umtshintshi unokuba ne-overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, kunye nokuvuza kwangoku. Oku kulandelayo kuhlalutya izisombululo zezizathu zemeko nganye.

1 Unobangela wangoku

Olu hlobo lwesiphoso luqhelekileyo, ukhetho lwe-circuit breaker luncinci kakhulu okanye umgangatho awulungile ngokwaneleyo. Xa uyila, kuqala ubale ubuninzi bangoku besiphaluka. Umlinganiselo olinganisiweyo wokutshintsha kufuneka udlule amaxesha angama-1.1 ukuya kuma-1.2 amaxesha aphezulu ombane wesiphaluka. Isiseko sokugweba: musa ukuhamba ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo, kwaye uhambo kuphela xa imozulu ilungile kwaye amandla enkqubo ye-photovoltaic ephezulu. Isisombululo: Buyisela i-breaker circuit nge-current rated current enkulu okanye i-circuit breaker enomgangatho othembekileyo.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-miniature breakers, uhlobo lwe-C kunye nohlobo lwe-D. Ezi ziintlobo zohambo. Umahluko phakathi kohlobo lwe-C kunye nohlobo lwe-D ngumahluko kwi-short-circuit instantaneous trip current, kwaye ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisileyo kuyafana. I-C-uhlobo lwemagnethi yohambo lwangoku (5-10) ngaphakathi, oku kuthetha ukuba ihamba xa ikhoyo ngoku i-10 ngokuphindwe kabini yangoku, kwaye ixesha lesenzo lingaphantsi okanye lilingana no-0.1 wesibini, elilungele ukukhusela imithwalo eqhelekileyo. I-D-type magnetic trip current yi-(10-20)In, oku kuthetha ukuba ihamba xa ikhoyo ngoku i-20 ngokuphindwe kabini yangoku, kwaye ixesha lesenzo lingaphantsi okanye lilingana ne-0.1 imizuzwana. Ilungele ukukhusela izixhobo ezine-inrush zangoku eziphezulu. Xa kukho izixhobo zombane ezifana ne-transformer ngaphambi nangemva kokutshintsha, kwaye kukho i-inrush current emva kokuba umbane ucinyiwe, uhlobo lwe-D breakers kufuneka lukhethwe. Ukuba umgca awunazo izixhobo ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-transformers, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe uhlobo lwe-C circuit breakers.

2 Unobangela wombane

Olu hlobo lwempazamo lunqabile. Kukho i-voltage elinganisiweyo phakathi kwezigaba ezibini ze-breaker circuit, ngokubanzi i-250V yepali enye. Ukuba lo mbane ugqithisiwe, unokukhubeka. Kukho izizathu ezibini: enye kukuba i-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-breaker circuit ikhethwe ngokungalunganga; enye kukuba xa amandla enkqubo ye-photovoltaic inkulu kunamandla omthwalo, i-inverter yandisa i-voltage ukuthumela amandla. Isiseko sesigwebo: Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa i-voltage yesiphaluka evulekileyo, edlula i-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-breaker circuit. Isisombululo: Buyisela i-breaker circuit kunye ne-voltage ephezulu okanye intambo ene-diameter enkulu yocingo ukunciphisa i-impedance yomgca.

3 Oonobangela bobushushu

Olu hlobo lwempazamo luxhaphakile. Isantya esilinganiselweyo esiphawulwe yi-circuit breaker yisona sixhobo esiphezulu apho isixhobo sinokudlula ixesha elide xa izinga lokushisa liyi-30 degrees. Ikhoyo ngoku iyancipha nge-5% kuzo zonke ii-degrees ze-10 zokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa. I-breaker circuit ikwangumthombo wokushisa ngenxa yobukho babafowunelwa. Kukho izizathu ezibini zobushushu obuphezulu be-breaker circuit: enye kuqhagamshelwano olubi phakathi kwe-breaker circuit kunye nentambo, okanye uqhagamshelwano lwe-breaker circuit ngokwayo alulungile, kwaye ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kukhulu, okubangela ukushisa i-breaker circuit ukuphakama; enye yindawo apho i-breaker circuit ifakwe khona. Ukukhutshwa kobushushu okuvalelweyo akulunganga.

Isiseko sesigwebo: Xa isaphuli sesekethe sisebenza, yibambe ngesandla kwaye uzive ngathi iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kakhulu, okanye uyabona ukuba iqondo lobushushu letheminali liphezulu kakhulu, okanye nevumba lokutsha.

Isisombululo: ukuphinda-phinda i-wiring, okanye utshintshe i-breaker circuit.

4 Unobangela wokuvuza

Ukungaphumeleli komgca okanye ezinye izixhobo zombane, ezinye izixhobo zombane ukuvuza, ukuvuza komgca, icandelo okanye umonakalo wokugquma umgca we-DC.

Isiseko sokugweba: ukuchasana kwe-insulation ephantsi phakathi kwezibonda ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zemodyuli kunye nentambo yesigaba se-AC, phakathi kwezibonda ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zemodyuli, ucingo lwesigaba kunye nocingo lomhlaba.

Isisombululo: Khangela kwaye ubuyisele izixhobo ezingalunganga kunye neengcingo.

Xa uhambo lubangelwa yimpazamo yokuvuza, isizathu kufuneka sifumaneke kwaye iphoso lisuswe ngaphambi kokuba kuvalwe kwakhona. Ukuvala ngenkani kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo. Xa i-breaker circuit evuzayo iphuka kwaye ihamba, isibambo sikwindawo ephakathi. Xa uvala kwakhona, isiphatho sokusebenza kufuneka sihanjiswe ezantsi (indawo eyophukileyo) ukuphinda utshixe indlela yokusebenza, emva koko uvale ukuya phezulu.

Indlela yokukhetha umkhuseli wokuvuza kwenkqubo ye-photovoltaic: Ekubeni iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zifakwe ngaphandle, i-voltage ye-DC iphezulu kakhulu xa iisekethe ezininzi zixhunyiwe kwichungechunge, kwaye iimodyuli ziya kuba nexabiso elincinci lokuvuza ngoku emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha ukutshintshwa kokuvuza, lungisa ukuvuza kwexabiso lokukhusela ngoku ngokuhambelana nobukhulu benkqubo. Ngokubanzi, iswitshi yokuvuza ye-30mA eqhelekileyo ifaneleke kuphela ukufakela kwisigaba esinye se-5kW okanye inkqubo ye-10kW yesigaba sesithathu. Ukuba umthamo ugqithisiwe, ixabiso lokhuseleko lwangoku lokuvuza kufuneka lonyuswe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuba inkqubo ye-photovoltaic ixhotywe nge-transformer yokuzimela, inokunciphisa ukwenzeka kokuvuza kwangoku, kodwa ukuba i-wiring ye-transformer yodwa ayilunganga, okanye kukho ingxaki yokuvuza, inokuhamba ngenxa yokuvuza kwangoku.

Qinisekisa

Isiganeko sokutshintsha uhambo lwenzeka kwinkqubo ye-photovoltaic. Ukuba sisikhululo samandla esifakwe ixesha elide, isizathu sinokuba yingxaki ye-wiring yesekethe okanye ingxaki yokuguga yokutshintsha. Ukuba sisikhululo samandla esitsha esisanda kufakelwa, kusenokubakho iingxaki ezinjengokukhetha ngokungafanelekanga iiswitshi, ukugqunyelelwa kwelayini okulambathayo, kunye nokwaleka kwe-transformer.