Kusistimu ye-photovoltaic, inkinobho kagesi inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko: enye iwumsebenzi wokuhlukanisa ugesi, onqamula uxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic, i-inverter, ikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa amandla kanye negridi ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokugcinwa, futhi inikeza opharetha. endaweni ephephile, lesi senzo sitholwa ngumsebenzisi; okwesibili kungumsebenzi wokuvikela ukuphepha, lapho uhlelo lukagesi lune-overcurrent, overvoltage, short circuit, overtemperature kanye nokuvuza kwamanje, kungakwazi ukusika ngokuzenzakalelayo umjikelezo ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwabantu nemishini. Lesi senzo sitholwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushintsha.

Ngakho-ke, lapho uhambo lokushintshwa lwenzeka ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic, isizathu siwukuthi ukushintsha kungase kube ne-overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, kanye nokuvuza kwamanje. Okulandelayo kuhlaziya izixazululo zezimbangela zesimo ngasinye.

1 Imbangela yamanje

Lolu hlobo lwephutha luvame kakhulu, ukukhethwa kwe-circuit breaker kuncane kakhulu noma ikhwalithi ayilungile ngokwanele. Lapho uklama, qala ubale inani eliphezulu lamanje lesekethe. Isilinganiso samanje sokushintshwa kufanele sidlule izikhathi ezingu-1.1 kuya ku-1.2 izikhathi eziphezulu zamanje zesekethe. Isisekelo sokwahlulela: ungakhubeki ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, futhi uhambe kuphela lapho isimo sezulu sisihle futhi amandla esistimu ye-photovoltaic ephakeme. Isixazululo: Faka esikhundleni i-circuit breaker nge-current enkulu elinganiselwe noma i-circuit breaker enekhwalithi ethembekile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-circuit breaker amancane, uhlobo C nohlobo D. Lezi yizinhlobo zohambo. Umehluko phakathi kohlobo C nohlobo D umehluko kuhambo olusheshayo lwesekhethi emfishane, futhi ukuvikela ukugcwala kakhulu kuyefana. Uhlobo lwamanje lohambo lukazibuthe lwe-C luyi-(5-10)In, okusho ukuthi luyahamba lapho lwamanje luphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10 kunelamanje elilinganiselwe, futhi isikhathi sesenzo singaphansi noma silingana nesekhondi elingu-0.1, elifanele ukuvikela imithwalo evamile. Uhlobo lwamanje lohambo lukazibuthe lwe-D luyi-(10-20)In, okusho ukuthi luyahamba uma lwamanje luphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunamanje olinganiselwe, futhi isikhathi sesenzo singaphansi noma silingana namasekhondi angu-0.1. Ilungele ukuvikela imishini ene-inrush current ephezulu. Uma kukhona izinto zikagesi ezifana nama-transformer ngaphambi nangemuva kokushintsha, futhi kukhona i-inrush current ngemva kokunqanyulwa kwamandla, kufanele kukhethwe ama-circuit breaker ohlobo D. Uma ulayini ungenayo imishini yokungenisa inductive njengama-transformers, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe uhlobo lwe-C C circuit breakers.

2 Isizathu samandla kagesi

Lolu hlobo lwephutha luyivelakancane. Kukhona i-voltage elinganiselwe phakathi kwezigaba ezimbili ze-breaker circuit, ngokuvamile engu-250V yesigxobo esisodwa. Uma le voltage yeqiwe, ingase ikhubeke. Kungase kube nezizathu ezimbili: eyodwa ukuthi i-voltage elinganiselwe ye-breaker circuit ikhethwe ngokungalungile; enye iwukuthi lapho amandla esistimu ye-photovoltaic inkulu kunamandla omthwalo, i-inverter yandisa i-voltage ukuthumela amandla. Isisekelo sokwahlulela: Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala i-voltage yesekethe evulekile, eyeqa i-voltage elinganiselwe ye-breaker circuit. Isixazululo: Faka esikhundleni sesiphazamisi sesekhethi ngevoltheji enezinga eliphezulu noma ikhebula enobubanzi obukhulu bentambo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthinta komugqa.

3 Izimbangela lokushisa

Lolu hlobo lwephutha luvamile. Isilinganiso samanje esimakwe yi-circuit breaker yisona samanje esiphezulu ukuthi idivayisi ingadlula isikhathi eside lapho izinga lokushisa lingama-degree angu-30. Okwamanje kwehliswa ngo-5% kukho konke ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okungu-10. I-circuit breaker iphinde ibe umthombo wokushisa ngenxa yokuba khona koxhumana nabo. Kunezizathu ezimbili zokushisa okuphezulu kwe-breaker circuit: okunye ukuxhumana okungalungile phakathi kwe-breaker circuit kanye nekhebula, noma ukuthintana kwe-circuit breaker ngokwayo akukuhle, futhi ukumelana kwangaphakathi kukhulu, okubangela izinga lokushisa ukukhuphuka kwe-circuit breaker; enye imvelo lapho i-circuit breaker ifakwe khona. Ukukhipha ukushisa okuvalelwe akukuhle.

Isisekelo sokwahlulela: Uma i-circuit breaker isebenza, yithinte ngesandla bese uzwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, noma ungabona ukuthi izinga lokushisa letheminali liphezulu kakhulu, noma iphunga lokusha.

Isixazululo: faka kabusha izintambo, noma buyisela isiqheshi sesifunda.

4 Isizathu sokuvuza

Ukwehluleka kwelayini noma okunye okokusebenza kukagesi, okunye ukuvuza kwempahla kagesi, ukuvuza kwelayini, ingxenye noma ukulimala komugqa we-DC.

Isisekelo sokwahlulela: ukumelana nokufakwa okuphansi okuphansi phakathi kwezigxobo ezinhle nezimbi zemodyuli kanye nentambo yesigaba se-AC, phakathi kwezigxobo ezinhle nezimbi zemodyuli, intambo yesigaba kanye nocingo lomhlabathi.

Isixazululo: thola bese ubuyisela amathuluzi nezintambo ezinephutha.

Uma uhambo lubangelwa iphutha lokuvuza, isizathu kufanele sitholakale futhi iphutha lisuswe ngaphambi kokuvala kabusha. Ukuvala ngenkani kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Lapho i-breaker circuit evuzayo iphuka futhi ihamba, isibambo sisendaweni emaphakathi. Lapho uvala kabusha, isibambo sokusebenza sidinga ukuhanjiswa phansi (indawo ephukayo) ukuze kuphinde kukhiywe indlela yokusebenza, bese kuvaleka phezulu.

Indlela yokukhetha umvikeli wokuvuza wesistimu ye-photovoltaic: Njengoba amamojula we-photovoltaic efakwe ngaphandle, i-DC voltage iphezulu kakhulu lapho izifunda eziningi zixhunywe ochungechungeni, futhi amamojula azoba nenani elincane lokuvuza lamanje phansi. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha iswishi yokuvuza, lungisa inani lokuvikela lamanje elivuzayo ngokuya ngosayizi wesistimu. Ngokuvamile, umshini wokuvuza ojwayelekile ongu-30mA ulungele ukufakwa ohlelweni lwesigaba esisodwa esingu-5kW noma sesigaba sesithathu esingu-10kW. Uma umthamo weqiwe, inani lamanje lokuvikela elivuzayo kufanele lenyuswe ngokufanelekile.

Uma uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic lufakwe i-isolation transformer, lunganciphisa ukuvela kokuvuza kwamanje, kodwa uma i-wiring ye-isolation transformer ingalungile, noma kunenkinga yokuvuza, ingase ihambe ngenxa yokuvuza kwamanje.

Fingqa

Umcimbi wokushintsha uhambo lwenzeka kusistimu ye-photovoltaic. Uma kuyisiteshi samandla esifakwe isikhathi eside, isizathu singase sibe inkinga yezintambo zesekethe noma inkinga yokuguga yeswishi. Uma kuyisiteshi sikagesi esisanda kufakwa, kungase kube nezinkinga ezifana nokukhetha okungalungile kwamaswishi, ukufakwa kahle kolayini, kanye nokungagxili kahle kwe-transformer.