Kwiibhetri, iLithium ion ibe yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokukhokela iasidi. Iiyoni zeLithium zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zorhwebo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye isantya sazo e-United States sidlula ngaphaya komgangatho wabo wetekhnoloji yemveli. Abathengi abajonge ukunika amandla izicelo zabo kufuneka bazi izinto eziphambili ezahlula iibhetri ze-lithium kwi-asidi ye-lead.

Ngexesha elizayo xa ukhetha umthombo wamandla, qwalasela iibhetri ze-lithium-ion:

Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko eziSebenzayo Nangona iibhetri ze-lithium ngokuqhelekileyo zibiza ngaphezu kwe-asidi ye-lead, zinika kwakhona i-80% (okanye ngaphezulu) yomthamo wazo osebenzisekayo – ezinye zifikelela kwi-99% – zibonelela ngamandla okwenene ngokuthenga. Itekhnoloji ye-lead-asidi yakudala iqhuba kakubi kule ndawo, kunye noluhlu lwesakhono oluqhelekileyo lwe-30-50%. Izinga lokuzikhupha elincitshisiweyo lenza ukuba i-lithium isebenze ngakumbi ekuhambeni kwexesha kuba ikhupha amandla amancinci xa ingasetyenziswa.

Ukongeza, izifundo zibonisa ukuba ngelixa iindleko zangaphambili ziphezulu, iibhetri ze-lithium zineendleko eziphezulu zobunini bexesha elide.

Ubunzima bokukhanya kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokugcinwa, iteknoloji ye-lithium ion isinye kwisithathu sobunzima obuqhelekileyo be-asidi ye-lead kunye nesiqingatha sobukhulu obuqhelekileyo, ukubonelela ngenye indlela efanelekileyo yokuthutha kunye neenjongo zokufakela. Okungcono, akufuni ukugcinwa kwamanzi ane-distilled – ukugcina ixesha elininzi lokulondoloza – kwaye inomngcipheko omncinci wokungcoliswa kwendalo.

Ngelixa ukusebenza kwazo zonke iibhetri kuchaphazeleka kubushushu obubandayo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziyodlula lelead-asidi.

Ukuguquguquka kweLithium yoKhuseleko kudala kujongwa kakubi. Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngokwenene zingaphantsi komngcipheko womlilo kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi kuba abavelisi bathatha amanyathelo okuthintela iingozi ezithe ngqo ezifana nomlilo kunye nokutshaja ngokugqithiseleyo. Iibhetri ze-Lifepo4 ngokukodwa zikhuselekile kakhulu ukuba zisetyenziswe kwizicelo zabathengi.

Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium ziyindlela ekhuselekileyo, akukho teknoloji igqibeleleyo. Qinisekisa ukuba ufundiswe ngokusetyenziswa kwebhetri iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufumana okuninzi kwisisombululo sakho esikhethiweyo kwaye unciphise umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye neebhetri ze-lithium ezihlala ixesha elide zihlawulisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinobomi benkonzo obuphezulu kakhulu kune-asidi ekhokelayo. I-Lithium ibonise ukusebenza okuphawulekayo kunye nokulula kunye nexabiso lokwamkelwa kwentlawulo ephindwe kabini umthamo wayo opheleleyo kwaye ifuna intlawulo enye kuphela. Iasidi ekhokelayo, ngokuchaseneyo, ifuna intlawulo yenqanaba ezintathu ethatha ixesha elide kwaye isebenzise amafutha amaninzi.

Ubomi be-lithium bubhalwe kakuhle. Qwalasela le tshathi, ethathwe kuphononongo oluthelekisa i-lithium kunye ne-asidi ekhokelayo kwizicelo zokugcina ezimileyo:

Apha, kwimozulu epholileyo, i-lithium esebenza kwizinga eliphezulu lokukhupha libonisa izinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamandla kwixesha elide kunomlingani wayo okhokelayo we-asidi. Le milinganiselo igubungela isiphelo esisezantsi sobomi bebhetri obukhoyo bebhetri ye-lithium, njengoko iteknoloji inakho ukujikeleza i-5,000.

Xa ukhetha ibhetri yesicelo somthengi, kubalulekile ukulinganisa zonke iinketho kwaye ufike kwisisombululo esenza eyona ngqiqo. Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zinexesha kunye nendawo, kucacile ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium zezona zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwiimeko ezininzi.

Unomdla kwi-lithium ion, kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba ikulungele na? Qhagamshelana nathi.