Kuchengetedza kwedu bhatiri reLithium kwakarurama here? Dambudziko iri ratambudza vashandisi vazhinji vakavimbika venharembozha, kusanganisira ini. Mushure mekubvunza rumwe ruzivo, ndakava nemukana wekubvunza mudzidzi wePhD mune zvemagetsi, anove zvakare mutevedzeri wemukuru wesangano rinozivikanwa rekutsvaga mabhatiri muChina. Zvino nyora pasi ruzivo rwakakodzera uye ruzivo kuti ugovane nevaverengi vako.

“Iyo yakanaka electrode yerithium bhatiri inowanzo gadzirwa neanoshanda komboni yelithium, nepo negative electrode iri kabhoni ine yakakosha mamorekuru chimiro.” Chikamu chakakosha cheiyo inowanzoshandiswa ruzivo rwakanaka iLiCoO2. Munguva yekuchaja, simba remagetsi pabheteri danda rinomanikidza mukomboni muiyo yakanaka electrode kuburitsa lithium ions uye kuiisa mucarbon, nepo mamolekemu e electrode asina kunaka achirongwa mukuyerera kwelaminar. Lithium ions inopatsanurwa kubva kune yakaturikidzana chimiro chekabhoni panguva yekubuda uye inosanganiswa neanode komboni. Kufamba kwe lithium ions kunogadzira magetsi.

Nheyo yemakemikari reaction yakareruka, asi mukugadzirwa chaiko kwemaindasitiri, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda zvekufunga nezvazvo: zvakanaka maelectrode ekuwedzera anofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kakawanda kuitira zviitiko, uye maelectrode asina kunaka anoda kugadzirwa pachikamu chemolecular kuti atore mamwe lithium. ions; zadza I electrolyte pakati pe anode uye catholyte, kunze kwekugadzikana, asiwo ine conductivity yakaisvonaka, kuderedza kupikisa kwemukati kwebheteri.

Kunyangwe mabhatiri eti lithium asingawanzo kuve nendangariro mhedzisiro yenickel-cadmium mabhatiri, haana. Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana, lithium mabhatiri acharamba achirasikirwa nehukuru mushure mekuchajazve. Zvakakosha kugadzirisa anode uye cathode data pachayo. Payero ye molecular, chimiro chemhango yezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka electrodes ine lithium ions ichadonha zvishoma nezvishoma uye ichivharika. Kemikari, ndiyo inoshingaira passivation yezvinhu zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka, zvichiratidza kuvapo kwemamwe maumbirwo akagadzikana mumativi ekuita. Kune zvakare mamwe mamiriro emuviri, senge zvishoma nezvishoma kurasikirwa kweanode data, iyo inozopedzisira yadzikisa huwandu hwelithium ion inogona kufamba zvakasununguka panguva yekuchaja uye kubuda mubhatiri.

Kuwedzeresa uye kubuda, maelectrodes ari mubhatiri ye lithium anoumba kukuvara zvachose. Zvinogona kunzwisiswa zvine mutsindo kubva kuchikamu chemolecular kuti anode carbon emissions inokonzeresa kuburitswa kwakanyanya kwelithium ions uye chimiro chayo chakaiswa mumatsutso, uye kuwandisa kunopinza yakawandisa lithium ions mairi. Chimiro che cathode kabhoni chinodzivirira mamwe lithium ions kubva pakuburitswa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mabhatiri e-lithium anowanzo kuve akashongedzerwa nechaji uye kubuda kwekudzora maseketi.

Tembiricha isina kufanira inokonzeresa mamwe maitiro emakemikari mubhatiri ye lithium, uye makomisheni asina kufanira anooneka. Naizvozvo, mazhinji mabhatiri e-lithium akashongedzerwa nekuchengetedza tembiricha yekudzora diaphragms kana electrolyte additives pane yakanaka uye yakaipa electrodes. Kana bhatiri rikapisa kune imwe dhigirii, iyo composite membrane gomba yakavharwa kana iyo electrolyte yakadzimwa, kupikisa kwemukati kwebhatiri kunowedzera kusvika dunhu rabviswa, uye bhatiri harisi kuzopisa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti bhatiri rinogara richichaja tembiricha.

Kuchaja kwakadzika uye kuburitsa kunogona kuwedzera huwandu chaihwo hwemabhatiri e lithium? Nyanzvi dzakandiudza zvakajeka kuti izvi hazvina maturo. Vakatotaura kuti maererano neruzivo rwavanachiremba vaviri ava, kunonzi kukwidziridzwa kwedosi yakazara yemadhizi matatu ekutanga hakuna zvakunoreva. Asi nei vanhu vazhinji vachitsvaga ruzivo rwebhatiri kuratidza kuti huwandu huchachinja mune ramangwana? Pfungwa iyi ichataurwa gare gare.

Lithium mabhatiri anowanzo ane machipisi ekugadzirisa uye kuchaja kudzora machipisi. Mukuita, iyo chip ine akatevedzana marejista, huwandu, tembiricha, ID, yekuchaja mamiriro, nguva yekuburitsa uye humwe hunhu. Aya maitiro anoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma nekushandiswa. Ini pachangu ndinofunga kuti kukosha kwakakosha kwekushandisa kweinenge mwedzi kunofanirwa kuve kwakazara kubhadharisa uye kuburitsa. Kana bhuku remirayiridzo richinge ragadzirisa kukosha kusina kunaka kwemarejista aya, kutonga kwekuchaja uye simba rezita rebhatiri rinofanira kuenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ebhatiri.