Abstract Babban rabo na samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic zai haifar da mummunan tasiri a kan kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma ana ɗaukar ajiyar makamashi a matsayin daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya kawar da waɗannan tasirin. Wannan takarda tana nazarin tasirin tasirin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic akan tsarin wutar lantarki daga yanayin wutar lantarki, sa’an nan kuma yayi nazarin tasirin ajiyar makamashi akan hana tasirin. Da fari dai, an gabatar da samfurin rarraba yuwuwar da samfurin ajiyar makamashi na abubuwan da aka gyara a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma an gabatar da hanyar samar da samfurin hypercube na Latin da hanyar daidaita tsarin gram-Schmidt. Na biyu, an kafa samfurin ingantawa da yawa, wanda yayi la’akari da farashin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, rashin iyakacin yiwuwar kwararar wutar lantarki da kuma asarar hanyar sadarwa na grid na wutar lantarki. An samo mafi kyawun bayani na aikin haƙiƙa ta hanyar algorithm na kwayoyin halitta. A ƙarshe, ana aiwatar da simintin a cikin tsarin gwajin node na IEEE24 don nazarin tasirin tasirin damar samun damar hoto daban-daban da samun damar wuri akan tsarin wutar lantarki da tasirin ajiyar makamashi akan tsarin wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen tsarin ajiyar makamashi mai kyau wanda ya dace da nau’ikan damar hotovoltaic daban-daban. ana samu.

Mahimman kalmomi samar da wutar lantarki na hotovoltaic; Tsarin ajiyar makamashi; Ingantaccen tsari; Yiwuwar wutar lantarki; Algorithm na Halitta (ga)

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic yana da fa’idodin kare muhalli na kore da sabuntawa, kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun makamashi mai sabuntawa. Ya zuwa shekarar 2020, yawan karfin da aka girka na kasar Sin na samar da wutar lantarki ya kai kw miliyan 253. Rashin daidaituwa da rashin tabbas na babban girman ikon PV yana shafar tsarin wutar lantarki, gami da batutuwan aske kololuwa, kwanciyar hankali da zubar da haske, kuma grid ɗin yana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan sassauƙa don magance waɗannan batutuwa. Ana ɗaukar ajiyar makamashi a matsayin hanya mai tasiri don magance waɗannan matsalolin. Aikace-aikacen tsarin ajiyar makamashi yana kawo sabon bayani don babban haɗin grid na hotovoltaic.

A halin yanzu, akwai bincike da yawa game da samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, tsarin ajiyar makamashi da yiwuwar wutar lantarki a gida da waje. Yawancin wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafen sun nuna cewa ajiyar makamashi na iya inganta yawan amfani da hotuna da kuma magance kwanciyar hankali na haɗin grid na photovoltaic. A cikin daidaitawar tsarin ajiyar makamashi a cikin sabon tashar wutar lantarki, ya kamata a ba da hankali ba kawai ga tsarin kula da tsarin ajiya na gani da ajiyar iska ba, har ma da tattalin arzikin tsarin ajiyar makamashi. Bugu da ƙari, don inganta yawan tashoshin wutar lantarki da yawa a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki, wajibi ne a yi nazarin tsarin tattalin arziki na aiki na tashoshin wutar lantarki, zaɓin wurin da aka fara da kuma ƙarshen tashar watsawa ta photovoltaic da kuma zaɓin wurin ajiyar makamashi. Duk da haka, binciken da ake yi a kan mafi kyawun tsari na tsarin ajiyar makamashi ba ya la’akari da takamaiman tasiri akan tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma bincike kan tsarin ma’auni da yawa ba ya ƙunshi manyan halaye na aikin ajiyar kayan aiki.

Tare da ci gaba mai girma na rashin tabbas na sabon makamashin makamashi kamar wutar lantarki da kuma photovoltaic, yana da muhimmanci a lissafta yawan wutar lantarki na tsarin wutar lantarki a cikin tsarin aiki na tsarin wutar lantarki. Alal misali, wallafe-wallafen suna nazarin wuri mafi kyau da kuma ikon rarraba makamashi a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki tare da wutar lantarki. Bugu da kari, ya kamata a yi la’akari da alaƙa tsakanin sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi da yawa a cikin lissafin wutar lantarki. Koyaya, duk karatun da ke sama sun dogara ne akan hanyoyin kwararar wutar lantarki masu kayyadewa, waɗanda ba sa la’akari da rashin tabbas na sabon samar da makamashi. Littattafan sunyi la’akari da rashin tabbas na wutar lantarki kuma suna amfani da hanyar da za a iya amfani da wutar lantarki mafi kyau don inganta zaɓin wurin zaɓin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, wanda ke inganta tattalin arzikin aiki.

A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya sun gabatar da algorithms masu yuwuwar wutar lantarki daban-daban, kuma hanyoyin haƙar ma’adinan bayanai na kwararar wutar lantarki marasa dacewa bisa tsarin simintin Monte Carlo an gabatar da su a cikin wallafe-wallafen, amma tsarin lokaci na hanyar Monte Carlo ba shi da kyau sosai. An ba da shawarar a cikin wallafe-wallafen don amfani da madaidaicin wutar lantarki mai yuwuwa don nazarin wurin ajiyar makamashi, kuma ana amfani da hanyar maki 2 m, amma ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na wannan hanya ba ta dace ba. An yi nazarin aikace-aikacen hanyar samfurin hypercube na Latin a cikin lissafin wutar lantarki a cikin wannan takarda, kuma an kwatanta fifikon hanyar samfurin hypercube ta Latin ta misalai na lambobi.

Dangane da binciken da aka yi a sama, wannan takarda yana amfani da hanyar wutar lantarki mai yiwuwa don nazarin mafi kyawun rarraba makamashi a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki tare da samar da wutar lantarki mai girma na photovoltaic. Da fari dai, an gabatar da samfurin rarraba yiwuwar da kuma hanyar samar da samfurin hypercube na Latin na abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin wutar lantarki. Abu na biyu, an kafa samfurin ingantawa da yawa bisa la’akari da farashin ajiyar makamashi, kwararar wutar lantarki akan yuwuwar iyaka da asarar hanyar sadarwa. A ƙarshe, ana gudanar da nazarin simintin a cikin tsarin gwajin kumburin IEEE24.

1. Samfurin kwararar wutar lantarki mai yiwuwa

1.1 Samfurin rashin tabbas na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa

Photovoltaic, kaya da janareta duk masu canjin bazuwar ne tare da rashin tabbas. A cikin ƙididdigewa na yuwuwar wutar lantarki ta hanyar rarraba rarraba, an bayyana samfurin yiwuwar a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Ta hanyar nazarin bayanan tarihi, ikon fitarwa na samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic yana biye da rarraba BETA. Ta hanyar dacewa da yiwuwar rarraba wutar lantarki, ana ɗauka cewa nauyin yana biye da rarrabawar al’ada, kuma aikin rarraba yawan yiwuwarsa shine.

Hoto (1)

Inda, Pl shine ƙarfin lodi; μ L da σ L sune tsammanin da bambancin kaya bi da bi.

Samfurin yuwuwar janareta yawanci yana ɗaukar rarraba maki biyu, kuma yuwuwar yawan aikin rarraba shi shine

(2)

Inda, P shine yuwuwar aiki na yau da kullun na janareta; PG shine ikon fitarwa na janareta.

Lokacin da hasken ya isa a tsakar rana, ƙarfin aiki na tashar wutar lantarki na photovoltaic yana da girma, kuma ikon da ke da wuya a yi amfani da shi a lokaci za a adana shi a cikin baturin ajiyar makamashi. Lokacin da ƙarfin lodi ya yi girma, baturin ajiyar makamashi zai saki makamashin da aka adana. Ma’aunin ma’auni na makamashi nan take na tsarin ajiyar makamashi shine

Lokacin caji

(3)

Lokacin fitar

(4)

Takurawa

Hotuna,

Hotuna,

Hoto, hoto

Inda, St shine makamashin da aka adana a lokacin T; Pt shine caji da fitarwa ikon ajiyar makamashi; SL da SG sune makamashin caji da fitarwa bi da bi. η C da η D suna caji da haɓaka aikin aiki bi da bi. Ds shine adadin fitar da kai na ajiyar makamashi.

1.2 Hanyar Samfuran hypercube na Latin

Akwai hanyar kwaikwaya, hanyar da ta dace da kuma hanyar nazari waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don tantance kwararar wutar lantarki ƙarƙashin wasu dalilai marasa tabbas. Kwaikwayo na Monte Carlo yana ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin a cikin algorithms masu yuwuwar wutar lantarki, amma lokacin sa yana da ƙasa kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da babban daidaito. A cikin yanayin ƙananan lokutan samfuri, wannan hanya yawanci tana watsi da wutsiya na yiwuwar rarraba, amma don inganta daidaito, yana buƙatar ƙara lokutan samfurin. Hanyar samfurin hypercube ta Latin tana guje wa wannan matsala. Hanya ce ta ƙididdigewa, wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa wuraren yin samfuri suna nuna yiwuwar rarraba yadda ya kamata da kuma rage lokutan samfur yadda ya kamata.

Hoto na 1 yana nuna tsammanin da bambance-bambancen hanyar samfurin hypercube na Latin da kuma hanyar simintin Monte Carlo tare da lokutan samfuri daga 10 zuwa 200. Babban yanayin sakamakon da hanyoyin biyu suka samu yana raguwa. Koyaya, tsammanin da bambance-bambancen da aka samu ta hanyar Monte Carlo ba su da ƙarfi sosai, kuma sakamakon da aka samu ta kwaikwayo da yawa ba iri ɗaya bane tare da lokutan samfur iri ɗaya. Bambance-bambancen hanyar samfurin hypercube na Latin yana raguwa akai-akai tare da karuwar lokutan samfurori, kuma kuskuren dangi yana raguwa zuwa ƙasa da 5% lokacin da lokutan samfurin ya fi 150. Yana da kyau a lura cewa ma’anar samfurin Latin hypercube. m game da Y-axis, don haka kuskuren da ake tsammani shine 0, wanda kuma shine fa’idarsa.

Hoton

FIG. 1 Kwatanta lokuta daban-daban na samfur tsakanin MC da LHS

Hanyar Samfurin hypercube na Latin hanya ce ta zaɓaɓɓu. Ta inganta tsarin samar da samfur na shigar da masu canjin bazuwar, ƙimar samfurin na iya nuna yadda ya kamata gabaɗayan rarraba masu canjin bazuwar. An raba tsarin samfurin zuwa matakai biyu.

(1) Samfur

Xi (I = 1, 2,…,m) m bazuwar masu canji ne, kuma lokutan yin samfuri sune N, kamar yadda aka nuna a FIG. 2. Matsakaicin adadin yuwuwar rabon Xi ya kasu zuwa N tazara tare da tazara daidai kuma babu zoba, an zaɓi tsakiyar kowane tazara azaman ƙimar ƙimar yuwuwar Y, sannan ƙimar samfurin Xi= p-1 (Yi) ita ce. ƙididdigewa ta amfani da aikin juzu’i, kuma Xi da aka ƙididdige shi shine ƙimar samfurin ma’auni na bazuwar.

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Hoto na 2 zane-zane na LHS

(2) Rarrabawa

Ƙimar samfur na masu canjin bazuwar da aka samu daga (1) ana tsara su bi da bi, don haka alaƙar m masu canjin bazuwar shine 1, wanda ba za a iya ƙididdige shi ba. Za’a iya amfani da hanyar orthogonalization na jerin gram-Schmidt don rage alaƙa tsakanin ƙimar ƙima na masu canjin bazuwar. Da fari dai, an samar da matrix na odar K × M I = [I1, I2…, IK] T. Abubuwan da ke cikin kowane jere ana shirya su ba da gangan ba daga 1 zuwa M, kuma suna wakiltar matsayin ƙimar samfurin ainihin madaidaicin bazuwar.

Kyakkyawan maimaitawa

Hoton

A baya maimaitawa

Hoton

“Hoto” yana wakiltar ɗawainiya, takeout (Ik, Ij) yana wakiltar lissafin ragowar ƙimar a layin layi Ik=a+bIj, Rank(Ik) yana wakiltar sabon vector da aka samar ta hanyar jerin abubuwan abubuwa a cikin fuskantarwa Ik daga ƙarami zuwa babba.

Bayan jujjuyawar bidi’a har sai ƙimar RMS ρ, wanda ke wakiltar daidaitawa, ba ta raguwa, ana samun matrix matsayi na kowane madaidaicin bazuwar bayan ƙaddamarwa, sannan ana iya samun matrix permutation na masu canjin bazuwar tare da ƙarancin daidaituwa.

(5)

Inda, hoton shine haɗin kai tsakanin Ik da Ij, cov shine covariance, kuma VAR shine bambance-bambance.

2. Multi-manufa ingantawa sanyi tsarin makamashi ajiya

2.1 Ayyukan manufa

Don inganta ƙarfin da ƙarfin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, an kafa aikin ingantawa da yawa tare da la’akari da farashin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, yiwuwar kashe wutar lantarki da asarar hanyar sadarwa. Saboda ma’auni daban-daban na kowane mai nuna alama, ana aiwatar da daidaitattun karkata ga kowane mai nuna alama. Bayan daidaita daidaiton ƙima, ƙimar ƙimar da aka lura na masu canji daban-daban za su kasance tsakanin (0,1), kuma daidaitattun bayanai suna da ƙima masu tsafta ba tare da raka’a ba. A cikin ainihin halin da ake ciki, ana iya samun bambance-bambance a cikin girmamawa ga kowane mai nuna alama. Idan kowane mai nuna alama an ba da takamaiman nauyi, ana iya yin nazari da kuma nazarin batutuwa daban-daban.

(6)

Inda, w shine fihirisar da za a inganta; Wmin da wmax sune mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin aikin asali ba tare da daidaitawa ba.

Aikin haƙiƙa shine

(7)

A cikin dabarar, λ1 ~ 3 sune ma’aunin nauyi, Eloss, PE da CESS an daidaita asarar hanyar sadarwa na reshe, yuwuwar hayewar wutar lantarki da ƙimar ajiyar makamashi bi da bi.

2.2 Algorithm na Halitta

Algorithm na Halittar Halittu nau’in haɓakawa ne na algorithm wanda aka kafa ta hanyar yin koyi da ka’idojin halitta da na juyin halitta na rayuwa na mafifici da kuma tsira na mafificin yanayi. Da farko zuwa codeing, farkon yawan jama’a kowane codeing a madadin mutum (mai yiwuwa maganin matsalar), don haka kowane mai yiwuwa mafita daga genotype phenotype canji, don gudanar da zabar bisa ga dokokin yanayi ga kowane mutum, kuma zaba a cikin. kowane tsara zuwa tsara na gaba na yanayin kwamfuta don daidaitawa ga mutum mai ƙarfi, har sai mafi dacewa ga yanayin mutum, Bayan ƙaddamarwa, shine mafi kyawun maganin matsalar.

A cikin wannan takarda, tsarin wutar lantarki wanda ya hada da photovoltaic da ajiyar makamashi da farko an ƙididdige shi ta hanyar ma’aunin wutar lantarki mai yiwuwa, kuma ana amfani da bayanan da aka samu a matsayin ma’anar shigar da kwayoyin halitta don magance matsalar. Ana nuna tsarin lissafin a cikin hoto na 3, wanda aka raba shi zuwa matakai masu zuwa:

Hoton

FIG. 3 Algorithm kwarara

(1) Tsarin shigarwa, bayanan ajiyar hoto da makamashi, da yin samfurin hypercube na Latin da tsarin Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization;

(2) Shigar da bayanan da aka ƙirƙira a cikin tsarin lissafin wutar lantarki da rikodin sakamakon lissafin;

(3) Sakamakon fitarwa an sanya su ta hanyar chromosome don samar da yawan jama’a na farko daidai da ƙimar samfur;

(4) Ƙididdiga lafiyar kowane mutum a cikin yawan jama’a;

(5) zaɓi, ƙetare kuma mutate don samar da sabon ƙarni na yawan jama’a;

(6) Yi hukunci ko an cika buƙatun, idan ba haka ba, komawa mataki na (4); Idan eh, mafi kyawun mafita yana fitowa bayan yanke hukunci.

3. Misali bincike

Hanyar kwararar wutar lantarki mai yuwuwa ana kwaikwaya kuma an bincikar su a cikin tsarin gwajin IEEE24-node wanda aka nuna a FIG. 4, wanda matakin ƙarfin lantarki na 1-10 nodes shine 138 kV, kuma na 11-24 nodes shine 230 kV.

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Hoto 4 IEEE24 tsarin gwajin kumburi

3.1 Tasirin tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic akan tsarin wutar lantarki

Tashar wutar lantarki ta Photovoltaic a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki, wuri da ƙarfin tsarin wutar lantarki zai shafi tasirin node da ikon reshe, sabili da haka, kafin nazarin tasirin tsarin ajiyar makamashi don grid na wutar lantarki, wannan sashe ya fara nazarin tasirin tasirin photovoltaic. tashar a kan tsarin, samun damar shiga tsarin hoto a cikin wannan takarda, yanayin yanayin iyaka na yiwuwar, asarar hanyar sadarwa da sauransu sun gudanar da bincike na kwaikwayo.

Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga FIG. 5 (a), bayan an haɗa tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic, nodes tare da ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na reshe sune kamar haka: 11, 12, 13, 23, 13 don daidaita kumburin kumburi, ƙarfin kumburin kumburi da kusurwar lokaci, suna da Tasirin ma’aunin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, 11, 12 da 23 maimakon haɗin kai tsaye, a sakamakon haka, nodes da yawa da aka haɗa da iyakacin yuwuwar ƙarami da ƙarin iko, tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic za ta sami dama ga kumburi tare da tasirin ma’auni yana ƙasa da ƙasa. tasirin tsarin wutar lantarki.

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Hoto 5. (a) jimlar kwararar wutar lantarki kashe-iyaka yuwuwar (b) canjin ƙarfin kumburin kumburi (c) jimlar tsarin hanyar sadarwa na asarar wuraren samun damar PV daban-daban

Bugu da ƙari ga wuce gona da iri na wutar lantarki, wannan takarda kuma tana nazarin tasirin photovoltaic akan ƙarfin node, kamar yadda aka nuna a FIG. 5 (b). An zaɓi daidaitattun bambance-bambancen girman girman ƙarfin lantarki na nodes 1, 3, 8, 13, 14, 15 da 19 don kwatantawa. Gabaɗaya, haɗin tashoshin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic zuwa grid ɗin wutar lantarki ba shi da tasiri mai girma akan ƙarfin lantarki na nodes, amma tashoshin wutar lantarki na hoto suna da tasiri mai girma akan ƙarfin lantarki na a-Nodes da nodes na kusa. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin tsarin da aka karɓa ta misalin lissafi, ta hanyar kwatanta, an gano cewa tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic ta fi dacewa don samun dama ga nau’in node: ① nodes tare da matsayi mafi girma, kamar 14, 15, 16, da dai sauransu. wutar lantarki kusan baya canzawa; (2) nodes da ke da goyan bayan janareto ko kyamarori masu daidaitawa, kamar 1, 2, 7, da sauransu; (3) a cikin juriya na layi yana da girma a ƙarshen kumburi.

Don yin nazarin tasirin hanyar samun damar PV akan jimillar asarar hanyar sadarwa na tsarin wutar lantarki, wannan takarda yayi kwatanta kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 5 (c). Ana iya ganin cewa idan wasu nodes tare da babban nauyin wutar lantarki kuma babu wutar lantarki an haɗa su zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta pv, za a rage asarar hanyar sadarwa na tsarin. Akasin haka, nodes 21, 22 da 23 sune ƙarshen samar da wutar lantarki, wanda ke da alhakin watsa wutar lantarki ta tsakiya. Tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic da aka haɗa da waɗannan nodes zai haifar da asarar babbar hanyar sadarwa. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a zaɓi wurin samun damar tashar wutar lantarki ta pv a ƙarshen karɓar wutar lantarki ko kumburi tare da babban kaya. Wannan yanayin samun dama zai iya sa rarraba wutar lantarki na tsarin ya fi dacewa kuma ya rage asarar hanyar sadarwa na tsarin.

Dangane da dalilai guda uku a cikin nazarin sakamakon da ke sama, an dauki node 14 a matsayin hanyar samun damar tashar wutar lantarki a cikin wannan takarda, sa’an nan kuma ana nazarin tasirin tasirin wutar lantarki daban-daban akan tsarin wutar lantarki.

Hoto 6 (a) yayi nazarin tasirin tasirin hoto akan tsarin. Ana iya ganin cewa ma’auni na ma’auni na ikon aiki na kowane reshe yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka ƙarfin photovoltaic, kuma akwai dangantaka mai kyau tsakanin su biyu. Sai dai rassan da yawa da aka nuna a cikin adadi, daidaitattun ma’auni na sauran rassan duk sun kasance ƙasa da 5 kuma suna nuna dangantaka ta layi, wanda aka yi watsi da su don dacewa da zane. Ana iya ganin cewa haɗin grid na photovoltaic yana da tasiri mai girma akan ikon da aka haɗa kai tsaye tare da hanyar samun damar hoto ko rassan da ke kusa. Saboda ƙayyadaddun layin watsa wutar lantarki, layin watsawa na yawan gine-gine da zuba jari suna da yawa, don haka shigar da tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic, ya kamata a yi la’akari da iyakancewar ƙarfin sufuri, zaɓi mafi ƙarancin tasiri akan samun damar layi zuwa mafi kyawun wuri, ƙari. Zaɓin mafi kyawun ƙarfin tashar wutar lantarki na photovoltaic zai taka muhimmiyar rawa don rage wannan tasiri.

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Hoto 6. (a) Matsakaicin ma’auni mai aiki na reshe (b) ikon reshe yana gudana daga yuwuwar yuwuwar (c) jimlar asarar hanyar sadarwa ta tsarin ƙarƙashin ikon hotovoltaic daban-daban

FIG. 6 (b) yana kwatanta yuwuwar ikon aiki wanda ya wuce iyakar kowane reshe a ƙarƙashin ikon tashar wutar lantarki na pv daban-daban. Sai dai rassan da aka nuna a cikin adadi, sauran rassan ba su wuce iyaka ba ko kuma yiwuwar ya kasance kadan. Idan aka kwatanta da FIG. 6(a), ana iya ganin cewa yuwuwar rashin iyaka da karkatacciyar ƙa’ida ba lallai ba ne su kasance suna da alaƙa. Ƙarfin aiki na layi tare da babban madaidaicin sauye-sauye ba dole ba ne a kashe-iyaka, kuma dalilin yana da alaƙa da watsa jagorancin ikon fitarwa na photovoltaic. Idan yana cikin hanya ɗaya da asalin wutar lantarki na reshe, ƙananan ƙarfin hoto na iya haifar da iyakancewa. Lokacin da ƙarfin pv yayi girma sosai, wutar lantarki bazai wuce iyaka ba.

A cikin FIG. 6 (c), jimlar asarar cibiyar sadarwa na tsarin yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka ƙarfin hoto, amma wannan tasirin ba a bayyane yake ba. Lokacin da ƙarfin ɗaukar hoto ya karu da 60MW, jimillar asarar hanyar sadarwa tana ƙaruwa kawai da 0.5%, watau 0.75 MW. Don haka, lokacin shigar da tashoshin wutar lantarki na pv, ya kamata a ɗauki asarar hanyar sadarwa a matsayin wani abu na biyu, kuma abubuwan da ke da tasiri mai ƙarfi akan ingantaccen aiki na tsarin yakamata a fara la’akari da su, kamar canjin wutar lantarki na layin watsawa da yuwuwar rashin iyaka. .

3.2 Tasirin damar ajiyar makamashi akan tsarin

Sashe na 3.1 Matsayin samun dama da ƙarfin tashar wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ya dogara da tsarin wutar lantarki