Iifom zokupakisha ibhetri yeLithium zinemilenze emithathu, oko kukuthi, iisilinda ezintathu ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, iipakethi ezithambileyo kunye nezikwere. Iifom ezintathu zokupakisha zineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungalunganga, kwaye zinokukhethwa ngokusetyenziswa kwazo.

1. Cylindrical

Ibhetri ye-lithium ye-cylindrical yaqalwa yinkampani ye-SONY eJapan ngo-1992. Ngenxa yokuba i-18650 ibhetri ye-lithium ye-cylindrical inembali ende, izinga lokungena kwimarike liphezulu. Ibhetri ye-cylindrical lithium ithatha inkqubo yokuvuthuza evuthiweyo, inqanaba eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso oZinzile kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhetri ze-lithium cylindrical, ezifana ne-17490, 14650, 18650, 26650,

I-21700 njl. Iibhetri ze-lithium ze-cylindrical zithandwa phakathi kweenkampani zebhetri ze-lithium eJapan naseMzantsi Korea.

Iingenelo zohlobo lwe-cylindrical winding ziquka inkqubo yokujija evuthiweyo, iqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukungaguquguquki kakuhle, kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Ukungalungi kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ephantsi ebangelwa yi-cylindrical shape kunye nokusabalalisa kweqondo lokushisa okubangelwa ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-radial thermal conductivity. Yima. Ngenxa yokungafezeki kakuhle kwe-thermal ye-radial yebhetri yecylindrical, inani lokujika kwebhetri akufuneki libe ninzi kakhulu (inani lokujika kwebhetri ye-18650 ngokubanzi malunga nokujika kwe-20), ngoko ke umthamo we-monomer uncinci, kwaye isixa esikhulu sebhetri siyafuneka kwisicelo kwizithuthi zombane. IiMonomers zenza iimodyuli zebhetri kunye neepakethi zebhetri, ezonyusa kakhulu ukulahleka konxibelelwano kunye nobunzima bolawulo.

Umzobo 1. Ibhetri ye-cylindrical ye-18650

Inkampani eqhelekileyo yokupakishwa kwecylindrical yiPanasonic yaseJapan. Kwi-2008, iPanasonic kunye noTesla basebenzisana okokuqala, kwaye i-18650 lithium cobalt oxide ibhetri yamkelwa nguTesla wokuqala we-Roadster. Ngo-2014, iPanasonic yabhengeza intsebenziswano kunye noTesla ukwakha iGigafactory, umzi-mveliso webhetri omkhulu, kwaye ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo babini baqhubela phambili. I-Panasonic ikholelwa ukuba izithuthi zombane kufuneka zisebenzise iibhetri ze-18650, ukwenzela ukuba nangona ibhetri enye ihluleka, ayiyi kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwenkqubo yonke, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 2.

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Umzobo 2. Kutheni ukhethe ibhetri ye-cylindrical ye-18650

Kukwakho namashishini amakhulu avelisa iibhetri ze-lithium e-cylindrical e-China. Ngokomzekelo, ibhetri ye-BAK, i-Jiangsu Zhihang, i-Tianjin Lishen, i-Shanghai Delangeng kunye namanye amashishini akwindawo ehamba phambili yeebhetri ze-cylindrical lithium e-China. Iibhetri ze-Iron-lithium kunye neebhasi ze-Yinlong zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium titanate, zombini ngendlela yokupakisha i-cylindrical.

Itheyibhile 1: Izibalo kumthamo ofakwe kwiinkampani zebhetri ze-cylindrical eziphezulu ze-10 kunye neemodeli zabo ezihambelanayo ngokubhekiselele kumandla ombane omnye kwi-2017

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2. Ibhegi ethambileyo

Izinto eziphambili ezisetyenziswe kwiibhetri ze-lithium ezithambileyo-izinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode, izinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode kunye ne-separators-azihluke kakhulu kwi-steel-shell kunye ne-aluminium-shell ye-lithium ibhetri. Umahluko omkhulu yimpahla yokupakisha eguquguqukayo (ifilimu edibeneyo ye-aluminium-plastiki). Yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye inzima kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-lithium. Izinto zokupakisha eziguquguqukayo zihlala zohlulwe zibe ngamaleko amathathu, oko kukuthi, umaleko wesithintelo wangaphandle (ngokubanzi umaleko okhuselayo wangaphandle owenziwe ngenylon BOPA okanye i-PET), umaleko wesithintelo (ifoyile ye-aluminium kwindawo ephakathi) kunye nomgangatho wangaphakathi (i-multifunctional high barrier layer). ).

Umzobo 3. Isakhiwo sefilimu yeplastiki yeAluminiyam

Izinto zokupakisha kunye nesakhiwo seeseli zesingxobo zibanika uluhlu lweenzuzo. 1) Ukusebenza kokhuseleko kulungile. Ibhetri ye-soft-pack ihlanganiswe nefilimu ye-aluminium-plastiki kwisakhiwo. Xa kusenzeka ingxaki yokhuseleko, ibhetri ye-soft-pack iya kugqabhuka kwaye iqhekeke, kwaye ayisayi kugqabhuka. I-2) Ubunzima bokukhanya, ubunzima bebhetri ye-soft pack yi-40% ilula ngakumbi kune-shell shell ye-lithium ibhetri enomthamo ofanayo, kunye ne-20% ilula kunaleyo ye-aluminium shell lithium ibhetri. 3) Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi okuncinci, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri ye-soft pack kuncinci kunebhetri ye-lithium, enokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri. I-4) Ukusebenza komjikelo kulungele, ubomi bomjikelezo webhetri ye-soft pack bude, kwaye ukubola emva kwemijikelezo ye-100 yi-4% ukuya kwi-7% ngaphantsi kwecala le-aluminium. 5) Uyilo luguquguqukayo, imilo inokutshintshwa kuyo nayiphi na imilo, ingaba yincinci, kwaye imodeli entsha yeeseli inokuphuhliswa ngokweemfuno zabathengi. Ukungalungi kweebhetri zepakethe ethambileyo kukungatshintshi kakuhle, ixabiso eliphezulu, ukuvuza lula, kunye nomda wobugcisa obuphezulu.

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Umzobo 4. Ukwakheka kwebhetri yepakethe ethambileyo

Abavelisi beebhetri ezikumgangatho wehlabathi ezifana neLG yaseMzantsi Korea kunye ne-ASEC yaseJapan bavelise iibhetri zamandla ezithambileyo, ezisetyenziswa kwiimodeli zombane kunye neemodeli ezixutyiweyo zeenkampani ezinkulu zeemoto ezinjengeNissan, Chevrolet, kunye neFord, kubandakanya iimodeli ezintathu ezinkulu zehlabathi zemveliso kunye neentengiso. Igqabi kunye neVolt. isigebenga sebhetri yelizwe lam i-Wanxiang kunye nabafike emva kwexesha i-Funeng Technology, i-Yiwei Lithium Energy, i-Polyfluoride, kunye ne-Gateway Power nabo baqalisile ukuveliswa kweebhetri ezithambileyo zokubonelela ngeenkampani ezinkulu zeemoto ezifana ne-BAIC kunye ne-SAIC.

3. Ibhetri yesikwere

Ukuthandwa kweebhetri zesikwere kuphezulu kakhulu e-China. Ngokunyuka kweebhetri zamandla eemoto kule minyaka yamva nje, ukuchasana phakathi koluhlu lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nomthamo webhetri kuye kwanda kakhulu. Abavelisi beebhetri zamandla asekhaya basebenzisa ubukhulu becala ialuminiyam-yeqokobhe leebhetri ezineebhetri eziphezulu. , Ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo sebhetri yesikwere silula, ngokungafani nebhetri ye-cylindrical, esebenzisa i-high-high-stainless steel stainless as igobolondo kunye nezixhobo ezineevalve zokukhusela ukuqhuma, izixhobo ezipheleleyo zilula ngobunzima kwaye ziphezulu kakhulu kumandla ombane. Ityala ibhetri isikwere ubukhulu becala eyenziwe aluminiyam ingxubevange, intsimbi stainless kunye nezinye izinto, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi ukujikajika okanye inkqubo lamination, ukukhuselwa ibhetri kungcono kunolo aluminiyam-yeplastiki ifilimu ibhetri (okt soft-pack ibhetri), kunye nokhuseleko lwebhetri ngokwentelekiso cylindrical. Iibhetri zodidi nazo ziphuculwe kakhulu.

Umzobo 5. Ubume beseli yesikwere

Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ibhetri ye-lithium yesikwere ingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokobukhulu bemveliso, kukho amawaka eemodeli kwiimarike, kwaye ngenxa yokuba kukho iimodeli ezininzi, inkqubo inzima ukuyidibanisa. Akukho ngxaki ekusebenziseni iibhetri zesikwere kwiimveliso zombane eziqhelekileyo, kodwa kwiimveliso zezixhobo zoshishino ezifuna uchungechunge oluninzi kunye nokuhambelana, kungcono ukusebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium ezisemgangathweni, ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokuvelisa iqinisekiswe, kwaye kulula ukufumana ukutshintshwa. kwilixa elizayo. Ibhetri.

Iinkampani zasekhaya nezangaphandle ezisebenzisa isikwere njengenkqubo yokupakisha ikakhulu ziquka i-Samsung SDI (ifomu yokupakisha ubukhulu becala isikweri, kwaye izinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode zisebenzisa izinto ze-ternary ze-NCM kunye ne-NCA. Ilandela ngenkuthalo ukuveliswa kweebhetri ze-21700), i-BYD (amandla iibhetri ikakhulu square aluminiyam oonokrwece ) , izinto cathode ikakhulu lithium iron phosphate, kwaye sele isenza uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye noovimba zobugcisa iibhetri ternary), CATL (imveliso ikakhulu square aluminium iqokobhe iibhetri, kunye nezinto cathode ibandakanya I-lithium iron phosphate indlela yobugcisa Isetyenziswa kakhulu kugcino lwamandla kunye neebhasi, iCATL yaqala ukujikela ngokupheleleyo kwizinto ze-ternary ngo-2015, ibonelela ngeepakethi zebhetri ze-ternary kwiimoto zabahambi zeBMW, iGeely kunye nezinye iinkampani), iGuoxuan Hi-Tech. (ikakhulu ngendlela yokupakishwa kwesikwere, kunye nezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode ziquka i-Lithium iron phosphate kunye nezixhobo ze-ternary), iTianjinLishen, njl.

Ngokubanzi, iintlobo ezintathu zokupakisha ze-cylindrical, isikwere kunye neepakethe ezithambileyo zineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungalunganga, kwaye ibhetri nganye inendawo yayo elawulayo. Indlela yokupakisha engcono kakhulu inokumiselwa ngokweempawu zezinto zebhetri, iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwemveliso, iimpawu zemveliso, njl. zidibaniswe neempawu zefom yokupakisha. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo ngalunye lokupakisha lwebhetri lunobunzima bayo bezobuchwepheshe. Uyilo olululo lwebhetri lubandakanya iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi ezinje nge-electrochemistry, ubushushu, umbane, kunye nobuchwephesha, obubeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zabayili bebhetri. Abantu bebhetri yeLithium basafuna ukuqhubeka nomzamo!