Akukho bhetri ikhuseleke ngokupheleleyo ehlabathini, kukho imingcipheko kuphela engachongwanga ngokupheleleyo kwaye ithintelwe. Sebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ingqikelelo yophuhliso lokhuseleko lwemveliso ejolise ebantwini. Nangona amanyathelo okuthintela enganelanga, imingcipheko yokhuseleko inokulawulwa.

Thatha imodeli yengozi eyenzeka kuhola wendlela Seattle ngo-2013 njengomzekelo. Kukho indawo ezimeleyo phakathi kwemodyuli nganye yebhetri kwipakethi yebhetri, eyodwa yisakhiwo somlilo. Xa imoto esezantsi kwekhava yokukhusela ibhetri ihlatywe yinto enzima (impembelelo yempembelelo ifikelela kwi-25 t kunye nobukhulu bepaneli ephantsi ebolileyo malunga ne-6.35 mm kunye nobubanzi bomngxuma ngu-76.2 mm), imodyuli yebhetri ishushu. ngaphandle kolawulo kunye nemililo. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo yayo yokulawula imigangatho emithathu inokuSebenzisa inkqubo yokhuseleko kwangethuba ukuze ilumkise umqhubi ukuba ashiye isithuthi ngokukhawuleza, yaye ekugqibeleni ikhusele umqhubi ekwenzakaleni. Iinkcukacha zoyilo lokhuseleko olusetyenziswe kwizithuthi zombane zikaTesla azicacanga. Ngoko ke, siye sahlola amalungelo asemthethweni anxulumene nenkqubo yokugcina amandla ombane we-Tesla yesithuthi sombane, idibene nolwazi olukhoyo lobugcisa, kwaye yenze ukuqonda kwangaphambili, ngethemba lokuba abanye abalungile. Siyathemba ukuba sinokufunda kwiimpazamo zayo kwaye sithintele ukuphindwa kweempazamo. Kwangaxeshanye, sinokunika umdlalo opheleleyo kumoya weekopi kunye nokufezekisa ukufunxa kunye nokutsha.

Ipakethi yebhetri yeTeslaRoadster

Le moto yezemidlalo yimoto yokuqala ye-Tesla eveliswe ngobuninzi ecocekileyo yezemidlalo yombane ngo-2008, kunye nemveliso elinganiselwe yehlabathi ye-2500. Ipakethi yebhetri eqhutywe ngulo mzekelo ibekwe kwindawo yemithwalo emva kwesihlalo (njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 1). Ipakethe yonke yebhetri inobunzima be-450kg, inomthamo omalunga ne-300L, amandla akhoyo angama-53kWh, kunye nombane opheleleyo we-366V.

Ipaki yebhetri yeTeslaRoadster iqukethe iimodyuli ze-11 (njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2). Ngaphakathi kwimodyuli, iiseli ezizimeleyo ze-69 zidibaniswe ngokuhambelanayo zenza isitena (okanye “isitena seseli”), zilandelwa zitena ezisithoba ezidityaniswe kuluhlu ukuze zenze imodyuli I-pack yebhetri kunye neeseli ezipheleleyo ze-6831. Imodyuli yiyunithi enokutshintshwa. Ukuba enye yeebhetri yophukile, kufuneka itshintshwe.

Imodyuli equlathe ibhetri inokutshintshwa; ngelo xesha, imodyuli ezimeleyo inokwahlula ibhetri enye ngokwemodyuli. Okwangoku, iseli yayo enye yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimveliso yaseJapan iSanyo 18650.

Ngamazwi ka-Academician Chen Liquan we-Academy yaseShayina yeSayensi, ingxoxo malunga nokukhethwa komthamo weseli enye yenkqubo yokugcinwa kwamandla ombane yingxoxo-mpikiswano kwindlela yokuphuhlisa izithuthi zombane. Okwangoku, ngenxa yokusikelwa umda kobuchwephesha bolawulo lwebhetri kunye nezinye izinto, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezithuthi zombane zelizwe lam zisebenzisa ubukhulu becala iibhetri zeprismatic. Nangona kunjalo, ngokufana noTesla, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokugcina amandla ezithuthi zombane ezihlanganiswe kwiibhetri ezinomthamo omncinci, kubandakanya i-Hangzhou Technology. Unjingalwazi uLi Gechen weYunivesithi yaseHarbin yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji ubeke phambili igama elitsha elithi “ukhuseleko lwangaphakathi”, oluye lwaqatshelwa ziingcali ezithile kwishishini lebhetri. Iimeko ezimbini zidibene: enye ibhetri yamandla aphantsi, umda wamandla akwanele ukuba ubangele imiphumo emibi, ukuba iyatshisa okanye iqhume xa isetyenziswe yodwa okanye kwindawo yokugcina; okwesibini, kwimodyuli yebhetri, ukuba ibhetri enomthamo ophantsi iyatshisa okanye iqhume, Ayiyi kubangela ukuba amanye amatyathanga eseli atshise okanye aqhume. Ukuthathela ingqalelo inqanaba langoku lokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium, i-Hangzhou Technology iphinda isebenzise iibhetri ze-cylindrical ze-lithium ezincinci, kwaye isebenzisa i-modular parallel kunye neendlela zochungechunge ukudibanisa iipakethi zebhetri (nceda ubhekisele kwi-CN101369649). Isixhobo soqhagamshelo lwebhetri kunye nedayagram yokuhlanganisa ziboniswe kuMfanekiso 3.

Kukho kwakhona i-protrusion entloko yebhetri yepakethe (indawo ye-P8 kwi-FIG. 5, ehambelana ne-protrusion kwicala lasekunene le-FIG. 4). Faka iimodyuli ezimbini zebhetri ukwenzela ukupakisha kunye nokukhupha imisebenzi. Ipakethi yebhetri ineeseli ezipheleleyo ze-5,920.

Iindawo ezi-8 (kubandakanywa iiprotrusions) kwi-pack ibhetri zihluke ngokupheleleyo komnye nomnye. Okokuqala, ipleyiti yokubeka yodwa yonyusa amandla ebhetri ewonke, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukwakheka kwebhetri yomelele. Okwesibini, xa ibhetri kwindawo enye ibamba umlilo, inokuvalwa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela iibhetri ezikweminye imimandla ekubambeni umlilo. Ngaphakathi kwe-gasket inokuzaliswa ngezinto eziphathekayo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokunyibilika kunye ne-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal (njenge-fiber yeglasi) okanye amanzi.

Imodyuli yebhetri (njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 6) ihlukaniswe kwiindawo ezi-7 (imimandla ye-m1-M7 kuMzobo 6) ngaphakathi kwesahluli se-s-shaped. I-s-shaped isolation plate inikezela ngamajelo okupholisa kwiimodyuli zebhetri kwaye ixhunywe kwinkqubo yokulawula i-thermal ye-pack yebhetri.

Xa kuthelekiswa nepakethe yebhetri ye-Roadster, nangona imodeli yebhetri yepakethe ineenguqu ezicacileyo kwimbonakalo, uyilo lwesakhiwo sezahlulo ezizimeleyo zokuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-thermal runaway iyaqhubeka.

Ngokwahlukileyo kwipakethi yebhetri ye-Roadster, ibhetri enye ilele emotweni, kwaye iibhetri zomntu ngamnye weModeli yeebhetri zepakethi zicwangciswe ngokuthe nkqo. Kuba ibhetri enye iphantsi koxinzelelo lwamandla ngexesha lontlitheko, amandla e-axial athandeka ngakumbi kuxinzelelo lwe-thermal ecaleni kwe-core winding kune-radial force. Ngenxa yokuba i-short circuit yangaphakathi ingaphandle kolawulo, ithiyori, ipakethi yebhetri yemoto yezemidlalo kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe kungquzulwano olusecaleni kunezinye iindlela. Ukuxinezeleka kunye nokubaleka kwe-thermal kuya kwenzeka. Xa imodeli yepakethi yebhetri icinezelwe kwaye ingqubana ezantsi, ukubaleka kwe-thermal kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke.

inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri enamanqanaba amathathu

Ngokungafaniyo nabavelisi abaninzi abalandela itekhnoloji yebhetri ephucukileyo, uTesla wakhetha ibhetri ye-lithium eqolileyo ngakumbi ye-18650 endaweni yebhetri enkulu yesikwere enenkqubo yayo yokulawula ibhetri enemigangatho emithathu. Ngoyilo lolawulo oluphezulu, amawaka eebhetri anokulawulwa ngaxeshanye. Isakhelo senkqubo yokulawula ibhetri iboniswe kuMfanekiso 7. Thatha iTesla’s oadster inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri yenqanaba lesithathu njengomzekelo:

1) Kwinqanaba lemodyuli, setha ibhetri esweni (iBatteryMonitorboard, BMB) ukujonga umbane webhetri enye kwisitena ngasinye kwimodyuli (njengeyona yunithi yokulawula incinci), ubushushu besitena ngasinye, kunye nombane wokuphuma kwebhetri. imodyuli yonke.

2) Cwangcisa iBatterySystemMonitor (BSM) kwinqanaba lokupakisha ibhetri ukujonga imeko yokusebenza kwebhetri, kubandakanywa okwangoku, umbane, ubushushu, umswakama, indawo, umsi, njl.

3) Kwinqanaba lesithuthi, misela i-VSM ukubeka iliso kwi-BSM.

Ukongeza, iitekhnoloji ezinje ngokhuseleko olugqithileyo, ukukhuselwa kwe-overvoltage, kunye nokubekwa esweni kokunganyangeki kwe-insulation ziqulethwe kumalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza US20130179012, US20120105015, kunye ne-US20130049971A1 ngokulandelelanayo.