Alikho ibhethri eliphephe ngokuphelele emhlabeni, kukhona ubungozi kuphela obungahlonzwanga ngokugcwele futhi buvinjelwe. Sebenzisa ngokugcwele umqondo wokuthuthukisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo ogxile kubantu. Nakuba izinyathelo zokuvimbela zinganele, ubungozi bokuphepha bungalawuleka.

Thatha isibonelo sengozi yemodeli eyenzeka kuthelawayeka waseSeattle ngo-2013 njengesibonelo. Kunesikhala esizimele uma kuqhathaniswa phakathi kwemojuli yebhethri ngayinye kuphakethe lebhethri, elihlukaniswa nesakhiwo esingashi. Lapho imoto engaphansi kwesembozo sokuvikela ibhethri ibhobozwa into eqinile (amandla okuthinta afinyelela ku-25 t futhi ubukhulu bephaneli ephansi ebolile bungaba ngu-6.35 mm nobubanzi bembobo bungama-76.2 mm), imojula yebhethri ilawulwa ngokushisa. ayisalawuleki nemililo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwayo lokuphatha olunezinga ezintathu lungakwazi ukwenza kusebenze indlela yokuphepha kusenesikhathi ukuze ixwayise umshayeli ukuthi ayishiye imoto ngokushesha, futhi ekugcineni ivikele umshayeli ekulimaleni. Imininingwane yomklamo wokuphepha osetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi zikaTesla ayicacile. Ngakho-ke, sihlole amalungelo obunikazi ahlobene wesistimu yokugcina amandla kagesi wemoto ka-Tesla, kuhlanganiswe nolwazi olukhona lwezobuchwepheshe, futhi senza ukuqonda kokuqala, ngethemba lokuthi abanye abalungile. Siyethemba ukuthi singafunda emaphutheni ayo futhi sivimbele ukuphindaphinda kwamaphutha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singanikeza umdlalo ogcwele emoyeni wama-copycats futhi sizuze ukumuncwa kanye nokuqamba okusha.

Iphakethe lebhethri le-TeslaRoadster

Le moto yezemidlalo iyimoto yezemidlalo kagesi ehlanzekile yokuqala kaTesla ekhiqizwe ngobuningi ngo-2008, enokukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe komhlaba wonke okungu-2500. Iphakethe lebhethri elithwelwe yilo modeli litholakala endaweni yemithwalo ngemuva kwesihlalo (njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1). Lonke iphakethe lebhethri linesisindo esingama-450kg, linomthamo olinganiselwa ku-300L, amandla atholakalayo angama-53kWh, kanye nengqikithi yomthamo ongu-366V.

Iphakethe lebhethri lochungechunge lwe-TeslaRoadster liqukethe amamojula ayi-11 (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2). Ngaphakathi kwemojula, amaseli angama-69 axhunywe ngokuhambisana ukuze enze isitini (noma “isitini seseli”), kulandelwa izitini eziyisishiyagalolunye ezixhunywe ochungechungeni ukuze zenze i-module A pack yebhethri enengqikithi yamaseli angama-6831. Imojuli iyunithi eshintshwayo. Uma elinye lamabhethri liphukile, kufanele lishintshwe.

Imojula equkethe ibhethri ingashintshwa; ngesikhathi esifanayo, imojula ezimele ingahlukanisa ibhethri elilodwa ngokuvumelana nemojula. Njengamanje, ingqamuzana layo elilodwa liyisinqumo esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kweSanyo 18650 yaseJapan.

Emazwini ka-Academician Chen Liquan we-Chinese Academy of Sciences, inkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nokukhethwa komthamo weseli elilodwa lesistimu yokugcina amandla emoto kagesi iyinkulumompikiswano endleleni yokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zikagesi. Njengamanje, ngenxa yemikhawulo yobuchwepheshe bokulawulwa kwebhethri nezinye izici, amasistimu okugcina amandla emoto kagesi yezwe lami ngokuvamile asebenzisa amabhethri amakhulu e-prismatic. Kodwa-ke, ngokufana ne-Tesla, kunezinhlelo ezimbalwa zokugcina amandla ezimoto zikagesi eziqoqwe kusuka kumabhethri amancane amancane, kufaka phakathi i-Hangzhou Technology. USolwazi uLi Gechen waseHarbin University of Science and Technology ubeke phambili igama elisha elithi “ukuphepha kwangaphakathi”, eliye laqashelwa ngochwepheshe abathile embonini yebhethri. Kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezimbili: eyodwa ibhethri lamandla aphansi kakhulu, umkhawulo wamandla awanele ukuze ubangele imiphumela engathi sína, uma ishisa noma iqhuma lapho isetshenziswa yodwa noma endaweni yokugcina; okwesibili, kumojula yebhethri, uma ibhethri elinamandla aphansi kakhulu livutha noma liqhuma, Ngeke libangele ukuthi amanye amaketanga amaseli ashise noma aqhume. Ngokucabangela izinga lamanje lokuphepha lamabhethri e-lithium, i-Hangzhou Technology iphinde isebenzise amabhethri e-lithium ane-cylindrical amancane, futhi isebenzisa izindlela ezihambisanayo neziwuchungechunge ukuhlanganisa amaphakethe ebhethri (sicela ubhekisele ku-CN101369649). Idivayisi yokuxhuma ibhethri kanye nomdwebo wokuhlanganisa kuboniswa kuMfanekiso 3.

Kukhona futhi i-protrusion ekhanda lephakethe lebhethri (indawo ye-P8 ku-FIG. 5, ehambisana ne-protrusion ngakwesokudla kwe-FIG. 4). Faka amamojula amabili ebhethri ukuze ulayishe futhi uwakhiphe. Iphakethe lebhethri linamaseli angawodwa angu-5,920.

Izindawo ezingu-8 (okuhlanganisa nama-protrusions) ephaketheni lebhethri zihlukene ngokuphelele. Okokuqala nje, ipuleti lokuhlukanisa linyusa amandla esakhiwo esewonke ephakethe lebhethri, okwenza lonke uhlaka lwephakethe lebhethri libe namandla. Okwesibili, lapho ibhethri endaweni eyodwa livutha umlilo, lingavinjelwa ngokuphumelelayo ukuze kuvinjwe amabhethri kwezinye izindawo ukuthi angashi. Ingaphakathi le-gasket lingagcwaliswa ngezinto ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika kanye ne-conductivity ephansi yokushisa (njenge-glass fiber) noma amanzi.

Imojula yebhethri (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 6) ihlukaniswe ngezindawo eziyi-7 (izindawo ze-m1-M7 kumfanekiso 6) ngaphakathi kwesihlukanisi esimise okuka-s. I-isolation plate emise okuka-s ihlinzeka ngamashaneli okupholisa amamojula webhethri futhi ixhunywe kusistimu yokulawula okushisayo yephakethe lebhethri.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nephakethe lebhethri le-Roadster, nakuba iphekhi yebhethri eyimodeli inezinguquko ezisobala ekubukekeni, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sokuhlukaniswa okuzimele ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokubaleka okushisayo kuyaqhubeka.

Ihlukile kuphakethe lebhethri le-Roadster, ibhethri elilodwa lilele emotweni, futhi amabhethri ngamanye ephakethe lebhethri le-Model Model ahlelwa ngokuma mpo. Njengoba ibhethri elilodwa lingaphansi kwamandla okucindezela ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana, amandla e-axial athambekele kakhulu ekucindezelekeni okushisayo ngakumajika amaphakathi kunamandla omsakazo. Ngenxa yokuthi isifunda esifushane sangaphakathi asinamandla okulawula, uma kucatshangwa, iphakethe lebhethri lemoto yezemidlalo kungenzeka libe semgwaqweni oseceleni kunakwezinye izikhombisi-ndlela. Ukucindezeleka kanye nokubaleka okushisayo kujwayele ukwenzeka. Uma imodeli yephekhi yebhethri luma futhi ingqubuzana ngezansi, ukubaleka okushisayo kungenzeka kakhulu.

uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri olunezinga ezintathu

Ngokungafani nabakhiqizi abaningi abaphishekela ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuthuthuke kakhulu, uTesla wakhetha ibhethri le-lithium elivuthwe kakhulu le-18650 esikhundleni sebhethri elikhudlwana eliyisikwele elinohlelo lwayo lokulawula amabhethri anamazinga amathathu. Ngomklamo wokuphatha we-hierarchical, izinkulungwane zamabhethri zingaphathwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uhlaka lwesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri luboniswa kuMfanekiso 7. Thatha isistimu yokulawula ibhethri ye-Tesla’s oadster yeleveli emithathu njengesibonelo:

1) Ezingeni lemojula, setha imonitha yebhethri (BatteryMonitorboard, BMB) ukuze igade i-voltage yebhethri elilodwa esitini ngasinye kumojuli (njengeyunithi yokuphatha encane kakhulu), izinga lokushisa lesitini ngasinye, kanye nogesi ophumayo webhethri. yonke module.

2) Setha i-BatterySystemMonitor (BSM) ezingeni lebhethri ukuze ugade isimo sokusebenza sephakethe lebhethri, okuhlanganisa lamanje, i-voltage, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, indawo, intuthu, njll.

3) Ezingeni lemoto, setha i-VSM ukuqapha i-BSM.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuvikela i-overcurrent, ukuvikelwa kwe-overvoltage, nokuqapha ukumelana nokufakwa kufakwe kumalungelo obunikazi ase-US US20130179012, US20120105015, kanye ne-US20130049971A1, ngokulandelana.