Inkcazo eneenkcukacha yebhetri ye-18650 kunye neengqikelelo zebhetri ezingama-21700 kunye nezinto eziluncedo zazo

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iibhetri ze-lithium ziye zaduma. Iibhetri zamandla bezisoloko ziyintsimi ebalulekileyo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha. Nabani na ophethe iibhetri zamandla uya kuzilawula iimoto zamandla amatsha. Phakathi kweebhetri zamandla, eyona nto ikhangele amehlo ngokungathandabuzekiyo ibhetri ye-lithium-ion.

Ubuninzi bamandla beebhetri ze-lithium-ion buphezulu kakhulu, kwaye amandla ayo angama-1.5 ukuya ku-2 amaxesha ebhetri ye-nickel-hydrogen yobunzima obufanayo, kwaye inezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokuzikhupha. Ukongezelela, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziphantse zingabikho “impembelelo yememori” kwaye aziqukethe izinto ezinobuthi. Ezi zibonelelo zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion zenza ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwintsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha.

Namhlanje, iibhetri ze-cylindrical ze-lithium-ion ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ziibhetri ze-18650 kunye neebhetri ze-21700.

18650 ibhetri:

Iibhetri ze-18650 ekuqaleni zibhekiselele kwiibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Njengoko iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride ngoku zisetyenziswa kancinci, ngoku zibhekisa kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. I-18650 ngumsunguli weebhetri ze-lithium-ion-imodeli yebhetri ye-lithium-ion eqhelekileyo ebekwe yiSONY eJapan ukuze kugcinwe iindleko, apho i-18 ithetha ububanzi be-18mm, i-65 ithetha ubude be-65mm, kwaye i-0 ithetha ibhetri ye-cylindrical. Iibhetri eziqhelekileyo ze-18650 ziquka iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ze-ternary kunye neebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Ukuthetha ngeebhetri ze-18650, iTesla kufuneka ikhankanywe. Xa iTesla iphuhlisa iibhetri zeemoto zombane, ivavanye iintlobo ezininzi zeebhetri, kodwa ekugqibeleni igxininise kwiibhetri ze-18650 kwaye isebenzise iibhetri ze-18650 njengamandla amatsha eebhetri zeemoto zombane. Indlela yobugcisa. Kunokuthiwa isizathu sokuba iTesla ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ongekho ngaphantsi kweemoto zamafutha zendabuko, ngaphezu kweteknoloji yemoto yombane, iphinda ixhamle kwi-teknoloji yebhetri yeTesla. Ke kutheni uTesla ekhethe ibhetri ye-18650 njengomthombo wayo wamandla?

inzuzo

Itekhnoloji evuthiweyo kunye nokuhambelana okuphezulu

Ngaphambi kokungena kwintsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iibhetri ze-18650 zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki. Zizokuqala, zikhulile kwaye zizinzileyo iibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Emva kweminyaka yamava, abavelisi baseJapan baqokelele iibhetri ezili-18650 kwiimveliso zabathengi. Itekhnoloji ekwinqanaba eliphezulu isetyenziswa kakuhle kakhulu kwindawo yeebhetri zemoto. I-Panasonic yenye yetekhnoloji enkulu yebhetri yehlabathi kunye neenkampani zesikali. Xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abavelisi, ineziphene ezimbalwa zemveliso kunye nesikali esikhulu, kwaye kulula ukukhetha iibhetri ngokuhambelana kakuhle.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ezinye iibhetri, ezinjengeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezipakishiweyo, zikude ukuba zikhule ngokwaneleyo. Iimveliso ezininzi azikwazi nokudityaniswa ngobukhulu kunye nobukhulu, kwaye iinkqubo zemveliso ezinabenzi beebhetri azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemeko. Ngokubanzi, ukuhambelana kwebhetri akufikeleli kwinqanaba lebhetri ye-18650. Ukuba ukuhambelana kwebhetri akuphumeleli ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, ukulawulwa kwenani elikhulu leentambo zebhetri kunye neepakethi zebhetri ezenziwe ngokufanayo aziyi kuvumela ukusebenza kwebhetri nganye ukuba idlalwe kakuhle, kwaye iibhetri ze-18650 zinokusombulula le ngxaki kakuhle.

Ukusebenza ukhuseleko High

Ibhetri ye-lithium ye-18650 inokusebenza okuphezulu kokhuseleko, okungaqhumayo, okungenakutsha; engeyiyo ityhefu, engangcolisi, kwaye iphumelele isiqinisekiso sophawu lwentengiso ye-RoHS; kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhutshwa yi-100% kwi-65 degrees.

Ibhetri ye-18650 idla ngokupakishwa kwiqokobhe lentsimbi. Kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana nokungqubana kwemoto, kunokunciphisa ukwenzeka kweengozi zokhuseleko kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukhuseleko luphezulu. Ukongeza, ubungakanani bebhetri nganye ye-18650 incinci, kwaye amandla eseli nganye anokulawulwa kuluhlu oluncinci. Xa kuthelekiswa nokusetyenziswa kweeseli zebhetri ezinobungakanani obukhulu, nokuba iyunithi yebhetri iyasilela, inokunciphisa Impembelelo yokungaphumeleli.

Ubuninzi bamandla

Umthamo we-18650 ibhetri ye-lithium ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-1200mah kunye ne-3600mah, ngelixa umthamo webhetri jikelele malunga ne-800mah kuphela. Ukuba idityaniswe kwi-18650 lithium battery pack, i-18650 lithium battery pack inokugqithisa i-5000mah. Umthamo wayo u-1.5 ukuya kwi-2 ibhetri ye-nickel-hydrogen yobunzima obufanayo, kwaye inezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokuzikhupha. Ubuninzi bamandla ebhetri ye-18650 okwangoku inokufikelela kwinqanaba le-250Wh / kg, ehlangabezana neemfuno zoluhlu oluphezulu lokuhamba nge-Tesla.

Iindleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu

Ibhetri ye-lithium ye-18650 inobomi obude benkonzo, kwaye ubomi bomjikelezo bunokufikelela kumaxesha angaphezu kwama-500 ekusebenziseni okuqhelekileyo, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabini kwiibhetri eziqhelekileyo. Imveliso ye-18650 inezinga eliphezulu lokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Uyilo lolwakhiwo, itekhnoloji yokuvelisa, kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa, kunye nethekhnoloji yemodyuli efunyenweyo ye-18650 zonke zivuthiwe, zonke ezinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.

Ibhetri ye-18650, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku, inembali yophuhliso iminyaka emininzi. Nangona itekhnoloji ikhulile xa ithelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeebhetri, isajongene neengxaki ezifana nemveliso yobushushu obuphezulu, ukuhlelwa ngokwamaqela okuntsokothileyo, kunye nokungakwazi ukuphumeza ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Kulo mxholo, iibhetri ze-cylindrical ternary ezingama-21700 zenzeke.

Ngomhla we-4 kaJanuwari 2017, uTesla ubhengeze ukuqala kokuveliswa kobuninzi bebhetri entsha ye-21700 ephuhliswe ngokudibeneyo nguTesla kunye nePanasonic, kwaye wagxininisa ukuba le ibhetri enobuninzi obunamandla kunye nexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu phakathi kweebhetri ezikhoyo ngoku ukuveliswa kobuninzi.

21700 ibhetri:

Ibhetri ye-21700 imodeli yebhetri ye-cylindrical, ngokukodwa: i-21-ibhekisela kwibhetri ye-cylindrical kunye nobubanzi obungaphandle be-21mm; I-700-ibhekisela kwibhetri ye-cylindrical enobude obungama-70.0mm.

Lo ngumzekelo omtsha ophuhliswe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezithuthi zombane zokuqhuba umgama omde kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwendawo yebhetri yesithuthi. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-18650 eqhelekileyo i-cylindrical lithium ibhetri, umthamo we-21700 unokuba ngaphezu kwe-35% ephezulu kunento efanayo.

I-21700 entsha ineenzuzo ezine ezibalulekileyo:

(1) Umthamo weseli yebhetri unyuswe ngama-35%. Thatha ibhetri ye-21700 eveliswe nguTesla njengomzekelo. Emva kokutshintsha ukusuka kwimodeli ye-18650 ukuya kwimodeli ye-21700, umthamo weseli yebhetri unokufikelela kwi-3 ukuya kwi-4.8 Ah, ukwanda okukhulu kwe-35%.

(2) Ubuninzi bamandla enkqubo yebhetri bonyuka malunga nama-20%. Ngokutsho kwedatha evezwe nguTesla, ubuninzi bamandla benkqubo yebhetri ye-18650 esetyenziswe kwiintsuku zokuqala malunga ne-250Wh / kg. Kamva, ubuninzi bamandla benkqubo yebhetri ye-21700 eveliswe yiyo malunga ne-300Wh / kg. Ubuninzi bamandla omthamo webhetri ye-21700 yayiphezulu kuneyokuqala i-18650. Phantse i-20%.

(3) Iindleko zenkqubo kulindeleke ukuba zehle malunga ne-9%. Ukususela kuhlalutyo lwexabiso lexabiso lebhetri elichazwe nguTesla, inkqubo yebhetri ye-lithium yamandla yebhetri ye-21700 ixabisa i-$ 170 / Wh, kwaye ixabiso le-18650 inkqubo yebhetri yi-$ 185 / Wh. Emva kokusebenzisa iibhetri ze-21700 kwiModeli 3, iindleko zenkqubo yebhetri yodwa zingancitshiswa malunga ne-9%.

(4) Ubunzima benkqubo kulindeleke ukuba behle malunga ne-10%. Umthamo opheleleyo we-21700 mkhulu kune-18650. Njengoko umthamo we-monomer ukhula, ubuninzi bamandla be-monomer buphezulu, ngoko ke inani le-monomers yebhetri efunekayo phantsi kwamandla afanayo inokuncitshiswa malunga ne-1/3, eya kunciphisa ubunzima. yolawulo lwenkqubo kunye nokunciphisa inani leebhetri. Inani lamalungu esinyithi kunye nezincedisi zombane ezisetyenziswa ebhegini kunciphisa ngakumbi ubunzima bebhetri. Emva kokuba i-Samsung SDI itshintshele kwisethi entsha yeebhetri ze-21700, kwafumanisa ukuba ubunzima benkqubo buncitshiswe nge-10% xa kuthelekiswa nebhetri yangoku.