Janaayo 9, goobta “2020NIODay” ee uu qabtay Weilai, marka lagu daro furitaanka rasmiga ah ee ET7, oo loo yaqaan “isku-dhafka tignoolajiyada hadda ugu horumarsan”, waxaa sidoo kale lagu dhawaaqay in Weilai ET7 uu ku qalabaysan yahay baytari adag-state. Waxay noqon doontaa rubuci afaraad ee 2022. Suuqa, cufnaanta tamarta waxay gaartaa 360Wh/kg, iyo baytariyada adag ee gobolka, masaafada Weilai ET7 waxay gaari kartaa in ka badan 1,000 kiiloomitir hal mar.

However, Li Bin, the founder of Weilai, was silent on the supplier of solid-state batteries, saying only that Weilai Automobile has a very close cooperative relationship with solid-state battery suppliers and is definitely the industry’s leading company. Based on Li Bin’s words, the outside world suspects that this solid-state battery supplier is likely to be in the Ningde era.

Laakin iyada oo aan loo eegin cidda NIO-da baytariyada gobolka adag tahay, baytariyada adag-state ayaa ah xalka ugu fiican ee dhibaatooyinka badan ee horumarinta baabuurta tamarta cusub, iyo sidoo kale waa jihada horumarinta muhiimka ah ee warshadaha batteriga korontada.

A person in the power battery industry believes that solid-state batteries will be the technological commanding heights of the next generation of high-performance power batteries. “The field of solid-state batteries has entered the stage of an’arms race’ with many market participants, including car companies, power battery companies, investment institutions, and scientific research. Institutions and others are playing games in the three aspects of capital, technology, and talent. If they don’t seek change, they will be out of the game.”

Bateriga awoodda adduunka oo dhan

Kuleylinta iyo qaboojinta warshadaha baytariyada korontada ayaa ah kuwo aan laga sooci karin warshadaha cusub ee baabuurta tamarta, iyo dib u soo kabashada tartiib tartiib ah ee suuqa baabuurta tamarta cusub, tartanka warshadaha baytariyada korontada ayaa noqday mid aad u adag.

It is worth mentioning that the power battery is known as the “heart” of new energy vehicles, accounting for 30% to 40% of the cost of the vehicle. For this reason, the power battery industry was once considered a breakthrough point in the next era of the automotive industry. However, with the cooling of policies and the return of foreign brands, the power battery industry is also facing the same severe challenges as the new energy automobile industry.

Waagii Ningde ayaa ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee la kulma caqabado daran.

Janaayo 13, ururka cilmi baarista suuqa Kuuriyada Koonfureed ee SNEREsearch ayaa ku dhawaaqay xogta laxiriirta ee ku saabsan suuqa batteriga awoodda caalamiga ah ee 2020. Xogta ayaa muujineysa in 2020, awoodda caalamiga ah ee lagu rakibay baytariyada korantada ee gawaarida korantada ay gaari doonto 137GWh, sanad-sannad koror 17%.

For power battery companies, the installed capacity determines their market position. Although the installed capacity of the CATL still maintains an advantage, from the perspective of the increase in global business growth, the installed capacity of the CATL is far lower than the global growth rate. In doubt, Japanese and Korean power battery companies represented by LG Chem, Panasonic, and SKI are rapidly expanding.

Tan iyo markii siyaasadda cusub ee kabidda gaadiidka tamarta si rasmi ah loo soo bandhigay 2013, warshadaha batteriga korontada, oo si dhow ula xiriira warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub, mar keentay horumar degdeg ah.

Ka dib 2015, Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada Warfaafinta ayaa soo saartay dukumentiyo siyaasadeed sida “Heerka Warshadaha iyo Heerarka Warshadaha Awoodda Bateriga” iyo “Hagaha Soo-saareyaasha Battery-ga”. Shirkadaha batteriga ee Japan iyo Kuuriyada Koonfureed ayaa “la eryay”, iyo horumarinta warshadaha batteriga gudaha ayaa gaaray heerkii ugu sarreeyay.

However, in June 2019, with tightened policies, higher thresholds, and changes in routes, a large number of power battery companies experienced a period of struggle and eventually disappeared. By 2020, the number of domestic power battery companies has been reduced to more than 20.

Isla mar ahaantaana, shirkadaha baytariyada korontada ee ajnabiga ah ayaa muddo dheer diyaar u ahaa inay u guuraan baruurta suuqa Shiinaha. Tan iyo 2018, shirkadaha batteriga ee Japan iyo Kuuriya sida Samsung SDI, LG Chem, SKI, iwm waxay bilaabeen inay dardargeliyaan “ka-hortagga” suuqa Shiinaha iyo ballaarinta awoodda wax soo saarka batteriga. Waxaa ka mid ah, warshadaha batteriga korontada ee Samsung SDI iyo LG Chem ayaa la dhameeyay oo la geliyay wax soo saar. Suuqa batteriga korontada gudaha Soo bandhigaya qaabka “Dilka Saddexda Boqortooyo” ee Shiinaha, Japan iyo Koonfurta Kuuriya.

The most aggressive is LG Chem. Since the Model 3 series produced by Tesla’s Shanghai Gigafactory uses LG Chem batteries, it has not only driven the rapid growth of LG Chem, but also blocked the Ningde era. In the first quarter of 2020, LG Chem, which originally ranked third, surpassed the Ningde era in one fell swoop and became the world’s largest power battery company with market share.

Isla markaa, BYD ayaa sidoo kale qaaday weerar.

In March 2020, BYD released blade batteries and began supplying them to third-party car companies. Wang Chuanfu said, “Under the grand strategy of full opening up, the independent split of BYD Battery has been put on the agenda, and it is expected to conduct an IPO around 2022.”

Dhab ahaantii, baytariyada daabku waxay aad ugu badan yihiin hagaajinta wax soo saarka batteriga iyo farsamada farsamaynta, mana jiraan wax cusub oo ku saabsan agabka iyo tignoolajiyada. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baytariga ternary lithium iyo baytari fosfateed birta lithium sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo baabuurta korontada labaduba waa baytariyada lithium-ion, iyo baytari lithium ee cufnaanta ugu sarreeya waa 260Wh/kg. Warshadaha guud ahaan waxay aaminsan yihiin in cufnaanta tamarta ee baytariyada lithium-ion ay ku dhowdahay xadka. Way adagtahay in la dhaafo 300Wh/kg.

Ciyaarta kaadhka labaad ayaa bilaabatay

An undeniable fact is that whoever can break through the technical bottleneck first will be able to seize the opportunity in the second half.

As early as December 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the “New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)”, which included accelerating the R&D and industrialization of solid-state power battery technology as a “New Energy Vehicle Core Technology Research Project”. Promote the solid-state battery to the national strategic level.

In recent years, mainstream automobile companies at home and abroad, such as Toyota, Nissan Renault, GM, BAIC, and SAIC, have begun to step up the R&D and industrialization of solid-state batteries. At the same time, battery companies such as Tsingtao Energy, LG Chem, and Massachusetts Solid Energy Preparations for the construction of solid-state battery factories have also begun, including solid-state battery production lines that have already been put into operation.

Marka la barbar dhigo baytariyada lithium dhaqameed, baytariyada adag ee gobolka waxay leeyihiin faa’iidooyin badan sida cufnaanta tamarta sare, badbaadada wanaagsan, iyo cabbirka yar, waxaana loo arkaa warshadaha inay yihiin jihada horumarinta baytariyada tamarta.

Unlike lithium batteries that use electrolytes as electrolytes, solid-state battery technology uses solid glass compounds made of lithium and sodium as conductive materials. Since the solid conductive material does not have fluidity, the problem of lithium dendrites is naturally solved, and the intermediate diaphragm and the graphite anode material to ensure stability can be removed, saving a lot of space. In this way, the proportion of electrode materials can be increased as much as possible in the limited space of the battery, thereby increasing the energy density. In theory, solid-state batteries can easily achieve an energy density of more than 300Wh/kg. This time Weilai claims that the solid-state batteries it uses have achieved an ultra-high energy density of 360Wh/kg.

The above-mentioned industry insiders also believe that this battery will be an important step towards the future of electrification. The energy density of solid-state batteries is expected to reach two to three times that of current lithium-ion batteries, and will be lighter, longer life, and safer than current batteries.

Badbaadada had iyo jeer waxay hadh ku ahayd warshadaha baytariyada korontada.

Sannadka 2020, dalkaygu waxa uu hirgeliyay wadar ahaan 199 baabuur oo dib u yeedhis ah, oo ay ku lug lahaayeen 6,682,300 baabuur, kuwaas oo 31 ka mid ah baabuurta tamarta cusub dib loo soo celiyay. Dib-u-warshadaynta baabuurta tamarta cusub, baytariga korantadu waxa laga yaabaa inuu leeyahay khataro badbaado leh sida kulaylka cararka iyo gubasho kedis ah. Wali waa dib u warshadaynta baabuurta tamarta cusub. sababta ugu weyn. Taas bedelkeeda, muuqaalka ugu weyn ee electrolytes adag waa in aysan sahlanayn in la gubo, taas oo asal ahaan hagaajinaysa badbaadada baabuurta tamarta cusub.

Toyota entered the field of solid-state batteries very early. Since 2004, Toyota has been developing all-solid-state batteries and has accumulated first-hand solid-state battery technology. In May 2019, Toyota exhibited samples of its all-solid-state battery that is in the trial production stage. According to Toyota’s plan, it plans to increase the energy density of solid-state batteries to more than twice the energy density of existing lithium batteries by 2025, which is expected to reach 450Wh/kg. By then, electric vehicles equipped with solid-state batteries will have a significant increase in cruising range, which is comparable to current fuel vehicles.

Isla mar ahaantaana, BAIC New Energy waxay sidoo kale ku dhawaaqday dhamaystirka hawlgelinta baabuurkii ugu horreeyay ee korantada saafiga ah oo ku qalabaysan nidaamka baytari adag. Bilowgii 2020, BAIC New Energy waxay ku dhawaaqday “Qorshaha 2029”, oo ay ku jiraan dhismaha nidaam tamar kala duwan leh oo leh “saddex-in-mid” nidaamka tamarta tamarta ee baytariyada lithium-ion, baytari adag-state, iyo shidaalka. unugyo.

Dagaalkan adag ee soo socda, waagii Ningde waxa kale oo uu sameeyay qaab u dhigma.

Bishii Maajo 2020, Zeng Yuqun, gudoomiyaha CATL, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in baytariyada gobolka adag ee dhabta ah ay u baahan yihiin birta lithium sida korantada taban si loo kordhiyo cufnaanta tamarta. CATL waxay sii waddaa inay maalgeliso cilmi-baadhis heersare ah iyo wax soo saarka R&D ee baytariyada gobolka adag iyo tignoolajiyada kale.

Obviously, in the field of power batteries, a jamming battle based on solid-state batteries has quietly kicked off, and the technological leadership based on solid-state batteries will become a watershed in the field of power batteries.

Baytariyada adag ayaa wali wajahaya silsilado

Marka loo eego xisaabinta SNEREsearchd, goobta suuqa batteriga adag ee waddankeyga waxaa la filayaa inuu gaaro 3 bilyan yuan sanadka 2025 iyo 20 bilyan yuan sanadka 2030.

Inkasta oo suuqa weyni uu jiro, waxaa jira laba dhibaato oo waaweyn oo wajahaya baytariyada adag ee gobolka, tignoolajiyada iyo qiimaha. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira saddex hab oo qalab oo muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay electrolytes adag oo ku jira baytariyada adag ee adduunka, kuwaas oo kala ah polymer all-solid, oxide all-solid, iyo sulfide all-solid electrolytes. Battery-ga adag ee uu sheegay Weilai dhab ahaantii waa baytari badh-adke ah, taas oo ah, dareeraha elektrolytka iyo isku dhafka oxide adag elektrolytka.

From the perspective of mass production possibilities, solid-state batteries can indeed solve the current safety issues of liquid batteries. However, because the conductivity of the first two material systems is a theoretical problem rather than a process problem, it still needs a certain amount of R&D investment to solve it. In addition, the “production hazards” of the sulfide system cannot be effectively dealt with temporarily. And the cost problem is bigger.

Waddada warshadaynta baytariyada adag ee dawlad-goboleedka ayaa weli si joogto ah u xanniban. Haddii aad rabto inaad si dhab ah ugu raaxaysato gunnada cufnaanta tamarta ee baytariyada adag ee gobolka, waa inaad ku bedeshaa nidaamka korantada ee birta lithium cufnaanta tamarta sare. Tan waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyada oo loo marayo badbaadada baytariyada adag ee gobolka, iyo cufnaanta tamarta batariga waxay gaari kartaa in ka badan 500Wh/kg. Laakiin dhibkan weli aad buu u weyn yahay. Cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta baytariyada adag-state ayaa weli ku jira marxaladda tijaabada sayniska shaybaarka, taas oo ka fog warshadaynta.

Tusaalaha la soo qaadan karo waa in bishii Maarso 2020, Nezha Motors ay soo saartay nooc cusub oo Nezha U ah oo ay ku rakiban yihiin baytari adag. Sida laga soo xigtay Nezha Motors, Nezha U waxay qorsheyneysaa inay iska xaadiriso Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada bisha Oktoobar ee sanadkii hore. 500 oo qaybood ayaa la soo saaray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaa hadda, 500 oo baabuurta baytariyada adag ee Nezha ayaa weli maqan.

However, even if solid-state batteries have mature technology, mass production still needs to solve the cost competition with liquid lithium batteries. Li Bin also said that the difficulty of mass production of solid-state batteries is that the cost is too high, and the cost problem is the commercialization of solid-state battery technology. The biggest challenge.

Asal ahaan, baaxadda safarka iyo qiimaha isticmaalka (kharashka dhammaan baabuurka iyo batteriga beddelka) ayaa weli ah isku xirka daciifka ah ee baabuurta korontada, iyo guusha tignoolajiyada cusub waa inay xalliyaan labadan dhibaato ee waaweyn isku mar. Marka loo eego xisaabinta, wadarta qiimaha baytariga adag ee sidoo kale adeegsada graphite negative electrode waa 158.8$/kWh, taas oo 34% ka saraysa wadarta qiimaha baytari dareere ah 118.7$/kWh.

Guud ahaan, baytariyada adag ee gobolka ayaa weli ku jira marxalad kala guur ah, iyo dhibaatooyinka farsamo iyo kharashka ayaa u baahan in si degdeg ah loo xalliyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, warshadaha batteriga awoodda, baytariyada adag ee gobolka ayaa weli ah meesha ugu sareysa qeybta labaad ee ciyaarta.

Wareeg cusub oo kacaanka tignoolajiyada batteriga ayaa imanaya, qofna ma doonayo inuu dib u dhaco qaybta labaad ee dagaalka.