Kubva 1859, mabhatiri e-lead-asidhi anga ari zvigadzirwa zvakanyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo yebhatiri, senge mota, zvitima uye ngarava. Kune mabhatiri e-lead-asidhi mundege nemidziyo yemagetsi ekuchengetedza, uye mabhatiri e-lead-acid anogamuchirwa zvakanaka munzvimbo idzi. Asi nei kune zvichemo pamusoro pekushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakafanana pamabhasikoro emagetsi? Zvinowanzoshumwa kuti upenyu hupfupi zvikuru. Nei izvi? Zvadaro, tinoongorora zvikonzero zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwemabhatiri e-lead-acid kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana;

1. Kukundikana kwehupenyu kunokonzerwa nenheyo yekushanda yemabhatiri e-lead-acid;

Iyo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa mabhatiri e-lead-asidhi ndeye electrochemical reaction process. Pakuchaja, lead sulfate inogadzira lead oxide, uye painoburitsa, lead oxide inoderedzwa kuita lead sulfate. Lead sulfate chinhu chiri nyore kupenya. Kana kuwanda kwelead sulfate mubhatiri electrolyte kwanyanya kana kuti static nguva yekusaita basa yarebesa, inoungana pamwechete kugadzira makristasi madiki. Aya makristasi madiki anokwezva iwo akakomberedza sulfuric acid. Mutobvu wakafanana nebhora rechando, uchigadzira makristasi makuru anert. Iyo crystalline lead sulfate haichagone kudzikiswa kuita lead oxide kana yachajwa, asi inonaya uye inonamatira kune electrode plate, zvichikonzera kudzikiswa kwenzvimbo yekushanda ye electrode plate. Chiitiko ichi chinonzi vulcanization. Inonziwo kuchembera. Panguva ino, huwandu hwebhatiri huchadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika hwusisashande. Kana mutobvu wakawanda wesarufate ukaungana, unokwezva zvidimbu zvomutobvu kuti zviumbe mapazi emutobvu. Kubatana pakati pemapuleti akanaka neasina kunaka kuchaita kuti bhatiri riite pfupi. Kana paine mikaha pamusoro peplate ye electrode kana bhokisi repurasitiki rakavharwa, lead sulfate makristasi anoungana mumapupa aya, uye kuwedzera kushushikana kuchaitika, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvaita kuti ndiro ye electrode iparare kana goko riputse, zvichikonzera kusagadziriswa. migumisiro. Bhatiri rakakuvadzwa mumuviri. Nokudaro, nzira inokosha inotungamirira kukukundikana uye kukuvara kwemabhatiri e-lead-acid ndiyo vulcanization isingagoni kudzivirirwa nebhatiri pachayo.

2. Zvikonzero zvenzvimbo yakakosha yekushanda yemabhasikoro emagetsi

Chero bedzi iri bhatiri, ichave yakasvibiswa panguva yekushandiswa, asi mabhatiri e-lead-acid mune dzimwe nzvimbo ane hupenyu hurefu kupfuura mabhasikoro emagetsi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti bhatiri re-lead-asidhi rebhasikoro remagetsi rine nharaunda yekushanda iyo inowanzoitika kune vulcanization.

①Kuyerera kwakadzika
Bhatiri rinoshandiswa mumotokari rinongobuda munzira imwe panguva yekubatidza. Mushure mekudzima, jenareta inongochaja bhatiri pasina kukonzera kudzika kwebhatiri kubuda. Zvisinei, hazvibviri kubhadharisa bhasikoro remagetsi paunenge uchitasva, uye inowanzopfuura 60% yemvura yakadzika. Munguva yekuyerera kwakadzika, kusangana kwe lead sulfate kunowedzera, uye vulcanization ichave yakanyanya kuoma.

②Kubuda kwepamusoro ikozvino
Ikozvino yekufambisa yebhasikoro remagetsi kwemakiromita makumi maviri inowanzoita 20A, iyo yatove yakakwirira kudarika kukosha kwayo. Iko kushanda ikozvino kwebhatiri mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pamwe nekushanda ikozvino kwepamusoro uye kuwedzeredza mabhasikoro emagetsi kwakatokura. Vagadziri vemabhatiri vakaita bvunzo dzehupenyu hwe 4% pa70C uye 1% pa60C. Mushure mekuedza kwehupenyu kwakadai, mabhatiri mazhinji ane hupenyu hwe2 kuchaja uye kuburitsa matenderera, asi iwo chaiwo maitiro akasiyana. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kushanda kwazvino kunowedzera kudzika kwekubuda ne350%, uye bhatiri rinomhanyisa vulcanization. Naizvozvo, nekuti muviri wemudhudhudhu une mavhiri matatu wakanyanya kurema uye ikozvino inoshanda yakakura kupfuura 50A, hupenyu hwebhatiri hwemagetsi matatu-mavhiri emudhudhudhu ipfupi.

③Yakakwira frequency kuchaja uye kuburitsa
Bhatiri rinoshandiswa mumunda wesimba rekuchengetedza rinongoburitswa mushure mekunge simba radzimwa. Kana simba racho rakagurwa ka8 pagore, rinosvika makore gumi ehupenyu uye rinongoda kubhadharwa ka10. Hupenyu hwese, zvakajairika kuti mabhatiri ebhasikoro emagetsi achaja uye kuburitsa kanopfuura ka80 pagore.

④Kuchaja kwenguva pfupi
Sezvo mabhasikoro emagetsi ari nzira yekufambisa, hapana nguva yakawanda yekuchaja. Kuti upedze 36V kana 48V 20A awa ichichaja mukati maawa masere, kana magetsi ekuchaja akadarika okisijeni evolution voltage yesero (8V), zvinodiwa kuwedzera magetsi ekuchaja (kazhinji 2.35 ~ 2.7V yesero) . Kana kuti kana hydrogen kuburitsa voltage (2.9 volts), nekuda kwekuburitswa kweokisijeni yakawandisa, bhatiri rinovhura vharafu yekuburitsa, izvo zvinokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kuwedzera kuwanda kweiyo electrolyte, uye kuwedzera vulcanization yebhatiri. .

AnHaikwanise kubhadhariswa munguva mushure mekubuda
Senzira yekufambisa, kubhadharisa uye kubudiswa kwemabhasikoro emagetsi zvakaparadzaniswa zvachose. Kana yakachajwa uye yakaderedzwa kuita lead oxide, inozoita sulfide uye kugadzira makristasi.

3. Zvikonzero zvekugadzirwa kwebhatiri
Mukuona kweakasarudzika e-lead-acid mabhatiri emabhasikoro emagetsi, vagadziri vemabhatiri mazhinji vakatora nzira dzakasiyana siyana. Iyo yakajairika nzira ndeyekutevera:

① Wedzera nhamba yemabhodhi.
Shandura dhizaini yepakutanga yegridi rimwe chete remabhuroko mashanu uye mabhuroko matanhatu kusvika matanhatu uye 5 mabhuroko, 6 mabhuroko uye 6 mabhuroko, kana kunyange 7 mabhuroko uye mapfumbamwe. Nekudzikisa ukobvu hwemapuleti e electrode uye kupatsanura, uye kuwedzera huwandu hwemapuleti e electrode, huwandu hwebhatiri hunogona kuwedzerwa.

② Wedzera chikamu che sulfuric acid mubhatiri.
Iyo sulfuric acid yakananga giravhiti yebhatiri yepakutanga inoyangarara kazhinji iri pakati pe1.21 ne1.28, nepo sulfuric acid yakananga giravhiti yebhatiri remagetsi bhasikoro kazhinji iri pakati pe1.36 ne1.38, iyo inogona kupa yakawanda ikozvino uye kuwedzera yekutanga ikozvino. bhatiri simba.

③Huwandu uye chiyero che lead oxide ichangobva kuwedzerwa seyakanaka electrode inoshanda zvinhu.
Kuwedzeredzwa kwelead oxide kunowedzera iyo nyowani electrochemical reaction zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa mukubuda, izvo zvakare zvichangowedzera nguva yekubuda uye inowedzera huwandu hwebhatiri.