Kusukela ngo-1859, amabhethri e-lead-acid abe yimikhiqizo esetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni webhethri, njengezimoto, izitimela nemikhumbi. Kunamabhethri e-lead-asidi ezindizeni namathuluzi kagesi ayisipele, futhi amabhethri e-lead-acid amukelwa kahle kulezi zindawo. Kepha kungani kunezikhalazo ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo efanayo kumabhayisikili kagesi? Ngokuvamile kubikwa ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila sifushane kakhulu. Kungani lokhu? Okulandelayo, sihlaziya izizathu ezithinta impilo yamabhethri e-lead-acid avela kuzici ezahlukahlukene;

1. Ukwehluleka kwempilo okubangelwa yisimiso sokusebenza samabhethri e-lead-acid;

Inqubo yokushaja nokukhipha amabhethri e-lead-acid inqubo yokuphendula ngogesi. Lapho ishajwa, i-lead sulfate yakha i-lead oxide, futhi lapho iphuma, i-lead oxide iyancishiswa ibe yi-lead sulfate. I-lead sulfate iyinto elula kakhulu yokwenza amakristalu. Uma ukuhlangana kwe-lead sulfate ku-electrolyte yebhethri iphakeme kakhulu noma isikhathi sokungenzi lutho esimile siside kakhulu, izohlangana ndawonye ukuze yakhe amakristalu amancane. Lawa makristalu amancane aheha i-sulfuric acid ezungezile. Umthofu ufana nebhola leqhwa, wenza amakristalu amakhulu angasebenzi. I-crystalline lead sulfate ayisakwazi ukwehliswa ukuze iholele i-oxide uma ishajiwe, kepha izongena futhi inamathele kupuleti le-electrode, okuholele ekwehlisweni kwendawo yokusebenza kwepuleti le-electrode. Lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuthi yi-vulcanization. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukuguga. Ngalesi sikhathi, umthamo webhethri uzokwehla kancane kancane uze ungasebenziseki. Lapho inqwaba ye-sulphate yomthofu iqongelela, izodonsela izinhlayiya zomthofu zenze amagatsha okuhola. Ukuvaleka kwamapuleti amahle nalawo angemi kahle kuzodala ukuthi ibhethri libe yisifunda esifishane. Uma kukhona izikhala ebusweni bepuleti le-electrode noma ibhokisi lepulasitiki elivalekile, amakristalu e-lead sulfate azonqwabelana kulezi zikhala, futhi kuzovela ukungezwani okunwebekayo, okuyogcina kubangele ukuthi ipuleti le-electrode liphuke noma liphuke igobolondo, okuholela ekungalungisekeni. imiphumela. Ibhethri lilimele emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, indlela ebalulekile eholela ekwehlulekeni nasekulimaleni kwamabhethri e-lead-acid yi-vulcanization engenakuvinjelwa yibhethri uqobo lwalo.

2. Izizathu zendawo yokusebenza ekhethekile yamabhayisikili kagesi

Inqobo nje uma kuyibhethri, izoba sengozini ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, kodwa amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu kwezinye izinkambu aphila isikhathi eside kunamabhayisikili kagesi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ibhethri elihola i-asidi lebhayisikili kagesi linendawo yokusebenza ethambekele ekuqhakambisweni.

①Ukukhipha okujulile
Ibhethri elisetshenziswe emotweni liphuma liye ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela ngesikhathi ivutha. Ngemuva kokushisa, i-generator izokhokhisa ibhethri ngaphandle kokubanga ukukhishwa kwebhethri okujulile. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukukhokhisa ibhayisikili likagesi ngenkathi ugibele, futhi kuvame ukudlula ama-60% wokukhishwa okujulile. Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa okujulile, ukugxila kwe-lead sulfate kuyanda, futhi i-vulcanization izoba nzima kakhulu.

Ukukhishwa kwamanje okuphezulu
Ukuhamba manje kwebhayisikili kagesi ngamakhilomitha angama-20 imvamisa kungu-4A, osevele uphakeme kunenani lalo. Isikhathi esisebenzayo sebhethri kwezinye izindawo, kanye nesikhathi esisebenzayo samabhayisikili kagesi agcwele ngokweqile nokugcwala kakhulu kukhulu kakhulu. Abakhiqizi bamabhethri benze ukuhlola impilo yomjikelezo ka-70% ku-1C no-60% ku-2C. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okunjalo kwempilo, amabhethri amaningi anesikhathi sokuphila sokushaja nokukhipha imijikelezo engu-350, kodwa umphumela wangempela uhluke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusebenza okuphezulu kwamanje kuzokhuphula ukujula kokukhishwa ngo-50%, futhi ibhethri izosheshisa ukwenziwa kwe-vulcanization. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wesithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu unzima kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwamanje kungaphezu kwe-6A, impilo yebhethri yesithuthuthu sikagesi esinamasondo amathathu ifushane.

③Ukushaja nokukhipha imvamisa ephezulu
Ibhethri elisetshenziswe emkhakheni wamandla ekhophi yasenqolobaneni lizokhishwa kuphela ngemva kokuba amandla ecishiwe. Uma ugesi unqanyulwa izikhathi ezingu-8 ngonyaka, uzofinyelela iminyaka engu-10 yokuphila futhi udinga ukushajwa izikhathi ezingu-80 kuphela. Ukuphila konke, kuvamile ukuthi amabhethri ebhayisikili kagesi ashaje futhi akhiphe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-300 ngonyaka.

④Ukushaja kwesikhashana
Njengoba amabhayisikili kagesi eyindlela yokuhamba, asikho isikhathi esiningi sokushaja. Ukuze uqedele ukushaja kwehora okungu-36V noma okungu-48V 20A kungakapheli amahora angu-8, lapho i-voltage yokushaja idlula ugesi wokuguquguquka komoyampilo weseli (2.35V), kuyadingeka ukwandisa i-voltage yokushaja (ngokuvamile engu-2.7~2.9V yeseli) . Noma lapho i-hydrogen release voltage (2.42 volts), ngenxa yokukhishwa komoya-mpilo omningi kakhulu, ibhethri lizovula i-valve yokukhipha, okuzodala ukulahleka kwamanzi futhi kukhuphule ukuhlangana kwe-electrolyte, futhi kwandise ukuvuthwa kwebhethri .

AnAyikwazi ukukhokhiswa ngesikhathi ngemuva kokuphuma
Njengendlela yokuhamba, ukushaja nokudiliza amabhayisikili kagesi kuhlukaniswe ngokuphelele. Uma ishajwa futhi yehliselwa ekubeni yi-lead oxide, izoba ne-sulfide futhi yakhe amakristalu.

3. Izizathu zokukhiqizwa kwebhethri
Ngokubheka ukukhethekile kwamabhethri e-lead-acid yamabhayisikili kagesi, abakhiqizi abaningi bebhethri basebenzise izindlela ezihlukahlukene. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu yilena elandelayo:

① Khulisa inani lamabhodi.
Shintsha ukwakheka koqobo kwegridi eyodwa yamabhulokhi ama-5 namabhulokhi ayisithupha abe amabhlogo ayi-6 namabhulokhi ayi-6, amabhlogo ayi-7 namabhulokhi ama-7, noma amabhlogo ayi-8 namabhulokhi ayi-8. Ngokunciphisa ukushuba kwamacwecwe e-electrode kanye nezihlukanisi, futhi wandise inani lamapuleti e-electrode, umthamo webhethri ungakhuphuka.

Ase Khulisa isilinganiso se-sulfuric acid ebhetri.
Amandla adonsela phansi e-sulphuric acid ebhethri lokuqala elintantayo imvamisa aphakathi kuka-1.21 no-1.28, kuyilapho i-sulfuric acid gravity ethize yebhethri lebhayisikili kagesi imvamisa iphakathi kuka-1.36 no-1.38, enganikeza okwengeziwe manje futhi yenyuse i-current current. umthamo webhethri.

Amount Inani nenani le-oxide yomthofu esanda kufakwa njenge-positive electrode material esebenzayo.
Ukwengezwa kwe-lead oxide kwandisa izinto ezintsha ze-electrochemical reaction ezihilelekile ekukhishweni, okubuye kukhulise isikhathi sokukhipha futhi kukhulisa umthamo webhethri.