Motokari dzemagetsi dzinopindura mibvunzo

Chii chinonzi mota yemagetsi yakawedzerwa?

Iyi pfungwa yemotokari yakatangwa neChevroletvolt. Iyo ine diki-yemagetsi mukati memoto injini yemoto, asi injini haina chero nzira yekubatanidza mavhiri zvakananga, uye inoshandisa mabhatiri eti lithium kuisimbisa. American Society of Automotive Engineers (American Society of Automotive Engineers) zvinoreva maviri kana anopfuura simba rekuchengetedza magetsi ari oga kana ane magetsi.

Kana bhatiri rakazara, injini inovhara, uye lithium bhatiri inopa simba kune injini uye inotyaira motokari. Kana iyo lithium bhatiri yasvika pachikumbaridzo chekare, injini inogadzira magetsi kuti igone kudhiraivha mota uye kuchaja iyo lithium bhatiri.

Mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzinoda kuve dzakashongedzerwa neakawanda lithium bhatiri maseru kuti uwane hupenyu hurefu hwebhatiri. Murwi wekuchaja kana bhokisi remadziro rinodiwa pakuchaja. Kana bhatiri rikadhindwa zvakanyanya, rinogona kupfupisa hupenyu hwaro hwesevhisi. Motokari dzemagetsi dzekuwedzera dzinogona kutakura mabhatiri e-lithium mashoma pane mota dzemagetsi dzakachena uye dzinogona kuchengetedza mabhatiri kuti asaburitswe zvakanyanya.

Chii chinonzi mota yemagetsi?

Mota yemagetsi imota inotyairwa nemagetsi. BAIC E150, BYD E6 uye Tesla ese imotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena. Kana zvidyarwa zvemagetsi zvakashandisa simba rinodzokororwa uye kudzikisa kabhoni kuburitsa magetsi, kana kana vatengi vakasarudza kubhadharisa pane yakaderera pane grid, vanogona kuwedzera kudzikisa kabhoni tsoka dzemotokari dzemagetsi.

Muna 1834, American Thomas Davenport akavaka motokari yemagetsi yekutanga inotyairwa nemotokari yeDC, kunyange zvazvo yakanga isingataridzi semotokari. Kubva kuma1990, zviratidzo zvekuderera kweoiri uye kudzvanywa kwekusvibiswa kwemhepo zvakadzoreredza pfungwa yenyika pamotokari dzemagetsi. GM’s Impact, Ford’s Ecostar, neToyota RAV4LEV dzabuda dzakatevedzana.

Chii chinonzi chiteshi chekuchaja?

Chiteshi chekuchaja chiteshi chemagetsi chekuchaja mota dzemagetsi, zvakafanana nebasa rechiteshi chegesi, uye ndiyo inotariswa uye mbiru yebudiriro yeramangwana yeindasitiri yemotokari yeChina neindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi.

Chii chinonzi plug-in hybrid mota?

Hybrid modhi inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvina: chiedza, chepakati, chinorema uye plug-in.

Motokari ine hungwaru hwekutanga-kumisa system inodaidzwa kuti light hybrid mota; kana simba rebhureki radzoreredzwa uye simba richifambiswa, inonzi mota yepakati yakasanganiswa.

Kana mota ichikwanisa kufambiswa yakazvimiririra nemota yemagetsi, imotokari inorema-basa yakasanganiswa. Kana mota ichigona kufambiswa nemota imwe yemagetsi uye ichikwanisa kuchajwa kubva kunze kwesimba sosi, iplug-in hybrid mota.

Chii chinonzi lithium bhatiri?

Lithium bhatiri mudziyo unoshandisa lithium ions kufamba pakati pepositive electrode neiyo negative electrode. Hazvina mhosva kuti bhatiri rinoshandiswa kangani, simba reti lithium bhatiri rinoderera, iro rinotaridzirwa nekushisa, izvo zvinonyanya kuoneka mumagetsi e-high-current.

Kunyange zvazvo mabhatiri anoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi anowanzo kunzi lithium mabhatiri, tsanangudzo yakasimba yemabhatiri e-lithium ndeyokuti ane yakachena lithium metal uye haidzokizve panguva imwe chete.

Chii chinonzi hybrid mota?

Mota dzeHybrid dzinoshandisa maviri kana anopfuura masimba emagetsi. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana masosi emagetsi, mota dzakasanganiswa dzinogona kukamurwa kuita peturu-yemagetsi kana dhiziri-magetsi, mafuta cell, hydraulic uye akawanda-mafuta. Kare muna 1899, Ferdinand Porsche akavaka motokari yekutanga yakasanganiswa.

Mota zhinji dzakasanganiswa dzinoshandisa mota dzemagetsi uye injini dzinopisa dzemukati kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba. Asi vagadziri vakasiyana vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana zvachose. Mamwe mamodheru anoshandisa rubatsiro rwemagetsi emagetsi panguva yekuremerwa kukuru, achitarisa pakupa marasha muchando. Mamwe mamodheru anotarisa pakutyaira bapiro retiger kana mutoro wakadzikira.

Chii chinonzi carbon fiber?

Carbon fiber composite zvinhu ndeyepamusoro-simba, yakakwira-modulus, yakakwirira-yekushisa inodzivirira fiber. Nesimba rakafanana, kabhoni faibha inoreruka makumi mashanu muzana pane simbi uye 50% yakareruka pane aruminiyamu. Carbon fiber composite zvinhu zvinodhura kugadzira uye zvakamboshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwendege hombe uye mota dzemijaho kare. Iyo kabhoni fiber inoshandiswa kugadzira muviri wemotokari yemagetsi inobatsira kubvisa huremu hwakawedzerwa nebhatiri.

Fuel cell ibhatiri rinoshandura simba remakemikari muhuturu kuita simba remagetsi nekuita oxidizing uye kuita okisijeni kana mamwe maoxidants. Kusiyana nemabhatiri ekutanga, masero emafuta anoda kugadzika kweokisijeni nemafuta kuti ave nechokwadi chekushanda kwavo. Hydrogen fuel cell inoonekwa seyamangwana nyeredzi yemagetsi emotokari.

Chii chinonzi fuel cell?

Fuel cell ibhatiri rinoshandura simba rekemikari riri muhuturu kuita simba remagetsi nekuita oxidizing uye kuita okisijeni kana mamwe maoxidants. Kusiyana nemabhatiri ekutanga, masero emafuta anoda kugadzika kweokisijeni nemafuta kuti ave nechokwadi chekushanda kwavo. Hydrogen fuel cell inoonekwa seyamangwana nyeredzi yemagetsi emotokari.