Izithuthi zombane eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iibhetri ezikhokelayo njengesiseko samandla, ezikhokelela kushishino lwezithuthi zombane amashumi eminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobomi babo obufutshane (i-200-300 cycles), ubukhulu obukhulu, kunye nomthamo ophantsi womthamo, iibhetri zelothe ziphantse zalahlwa kwixesha lemithombo yamandla amakhulu. Iibhetri zeLithium zithandwa phakathi kwabantu abakwishishini elitsha lamandla ngenxa yobungakanani babo obuncinci, ubunzima obulula, ubomi obude, kunye nokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu. Ziye zahlelwa njengezona zithwala amandla aziwayo.

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Ibhetri yeLithium ligama eliqhelekileyo. Ukuba yahlulwe ngaphakathi, ihlala yahlulahlulwe ngokwemilo yomzimba, inkqubo yezinto, kunye nenkundla yesicelo.

Ngokwesimo somzimba, iibhetri ze-lithium zihlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezintathu: i-cylindrical, i-soft-packed, kunye nesikwere;

Ngokwenkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo, iibhetri ze-lithium zihlukaniswe zibe: ternary (nickel / cobalt / manganese, NCM), i-lithium iron phosphate (LFP), i-lithium manganate, i-lithium cobalt oxide, i-lithium titanate, i-lithium edibeneyo emininzi, njl.;

Iibhetri zeLithium zahlulwe zibe luhlobo lwamandla, uhlobo lwamandla kunye nohlobo lwamandla ngokwenkalo yesicelo;

Ubomi benkonzo kunye nokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium ziyahluka kakhulu kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo ulandele le mithetho ilandelayo.

Ubomi benkonzo: i-lithium titanate>i-lithium iron phosphate>i-lithium eninzi ehlanganisiweyo>i-lithium ye-lithium>i-lithium manganate>i-asidi ye-lead

Ukhuseleko:Iasidi yeLead>Ilithium titanate>Ilithium iron phosphate>Ilithium manganenate>Ilithium enezinto ezininzi ezihlanganisiweyo>Ternary lithium

Kushishino olunamavili amabini, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zidla ngokufuna ukutshintshwa emva konyaka ukuya kwemibini zisetyenziswa, kwaye iwaranti yeyokuba zinokutshintshwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Iwaranti yebhetri ye-lithium idla ngokuba yi-2 ukuya kwi-3 iminyaka, kunqabile ukuba ibe yiminyaka emi-5. Yintoni edidayo kukuba umenzi webhetri ye-lithium uthembisa ukuba ubomi bomjikelezo abukho ngaphantsi kwamaxesha angama-2000, kwaye ukusebenza kufikelela kumaxesha angama-4000, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kuba newaranti ye-5 yeminyaka. Ukuba isetyenziswe kanye ngosuku, amaxesha angama-2000 angasetyenziselwa iminyaka eyi-5.47, nangona emva kwemijikelezo ye-2000, ibhetri ye-lithium ayibonakali ngokukhawuleza, kuya kubakho malunga ne-70% yomthamo oseleyo. Ngokomgaqo wokutshintsha ukuba umthamo we-lead-acid ukubola ukuya kwi-50%, ubomi bomjikelezo webhetri ye-lithium ubuncinane ngamaxesha angama-2500, ubomi benkonzo bubude beminyaka eyi-7, kwaye ubomi busondele kumaxesha alishumi okukhokelela. -asidi, kodwa ubonile ukuba zingaphi iibhetri ze-lithium ezinokusetyenziswa iminyaka engama-7 umntu ngamnye? Kukho inani elincinci leemveliso ezingonakaliswanga emva kweminyaka emi-3 yokusetyenziswa. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwethiyori kunye nenyani. Siyintoni isizathu? Yintoni ebangela umsantsa omkhulu kangaka?

Umhleli olandelayo uya kukuthatha uhlalutyo olunzulu.

Okokuqala, inani lemijikelo elinikwe ngumenzi lisekelwe kuvavanyo lwenqanaba leseli enye. Ubomi beseli abunakulinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo kubomi benkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zibini ikakhulu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

1. Iseli enye inendawo enkulu yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nokuchithwa kakuhle kobushushu. Emva kokuba inkqubo yePakethi yenziwe, iseli ephakathi ayinakukwazi ukukhupha ukushisa kakuhle, okuya kubola ngokukhawuleza. Ubomi benkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri buxhomekeke kwiseli enokuthotywa ngokukhawuleza. Ingabonwa ukuba ulawulo olululo lwe-thermal kunye noyilo lokulingana kwe-thermal kubaluleke kakhulu!

2. Ubomi bomjikelezo webhetri yebhetri ethenjiswe ngabavelisi bebhetri ye-lithium isekelwe kwidatha yokuvavanya kwiqondo elithile lokushisa kunye nentlawulo ethile kunye nesantya sokukhupha, njenge-0.2C intlawulo / i-0.3C yokukhutshwa kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo le-25 ° C. Ekusetyenzisweni okwenyani, iqondo lobushushu linokuba phezulu ukuya kuma-45°C kwaye libe ngaphantsi -20°C.

Ukuhlawula kanye phantsi kweqondo lokushisa eliphezulu okanye iimeko eziphantsi zokushisa, ubomi buya kuthotywa ngama-2 ukuya kwamaxesha ama-5. Indlela yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwentlawulo kunye nexabiso lokukhupha intlawulo kwiindawo eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi zokushisa ngundoqo. Ubomi beebhetri ze-lithium buya kuncitshiswa kakhulu xa usebenzisa iishaja eziphezulu zangoku okanye izithuthi ezinabalawuli bamandla aphezulu.

3. Ubomi benkonzo yenkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri ayixhomekeke kuphela ekusebenzeni kwebhetri yebhetri, kodwa ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokusebenza kwamanye amacandelo. Okufana ne-software yebhodi yokukhusela ye-BMS kunye ne-hardware, uyilo lwemodyuli yengqibelelo, ukuxhatshazwa kwebhokisi ye-vibration, ukutywinwa kwamanzi, ubomi beplagi yokudibanisa njalo njalo.

Okwesibini, kukho umsantsa omkhulu wexabiso phakathi kweebhetri ze-lithium kunye neebhetri ze-lead-acid. Uninzi lweebhetri ze-lithium ezisetyenziswa kwiimoto ezinamavili amabini ziibhetri ezingenakho ukujongwa kwizicelo zamandla ezifana neemoto kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla. Ezinye zide ziqhawuke. Umhlala phantsi kwi-echelon. Olu hlobo lwebhetri ye-lithium ngokwemvelo luneziphene ezithile okanye lusetyenziswe ixesha elithile, kwaye ubude bobomi abunakuqinisekiswa.

Okokugqibela, nokuba yibhetri ekumgangatho wehlabathi, usenokungakwazi ukwenza inkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri ekumgangatho wehlabathi. Umgangatho olungileyo, iibhetri ezisebenza ngokuphezulu ziyimeko eyimfuneko yenkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ukusebenzisa iibhetri ezilungileyo ukwenza inkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri elungileyo, maninzi amakhonkco kunye nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

Olu hlalutyo lungasentla lubonisa ukuba umgangatho weebhetri ze-lithium kwimarike ayigqitywanga ngokupheleleyo yiseli yebhetri, kodwa yinkqubo yokupakisha ibhetri, i-software ye-BMS kunye nesicwangciso se-hardware, isakhiwo semodyuli yebhokisi, iinkcukacha zeshaja, amandla omlawuli wemoto, kunye nobushushu bommandla. . Isiphumo sokudityaniswa kwezinye izinto.