Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izithuthi zamandla amatsha, ngakumbi izithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo, ziya kuqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula kwazo kwihlabathi liphela, zineemfuno ezingqongqo zokukhutshwa, ngakumbi nangakumbi iteknoloji yebhetri ephuculweyo kunye namaxabiso, ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweziseko zophuhliso, kunye nokwamkelwa kwabathengi bezithuthi zombane. mde kwaye mde.

Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwimoto yombane yibhetri. Kwiibhetri, ixesha ayisilobhobhozi, kodwa ubushushu limela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iteknoloji yebhetri ilungile kangakanani, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu yingxaki. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri yaba khona.

Ngokuphathelele isigama esifana ne-ternary lithium kunye ne-ternary system yombane, sele sixoxe ngeklasi yokufunda nokubhala ngaphambili, kwaye namhlanje siza kutsala inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ye-thermal yezithuthi zombane. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, siye sabonisana noMnu Lars Kostede, inkokeli yeprojekthi ye-HELLA China i-arhente yokuphumeza, oyingcali kule nkalo.

Yintoni inkqubo yokulawula ukushisa?

Musa ukukhohliswa leli gama, kufana nokupakishwa kwefowuni ephathwayo ecaleni kwendlela, okanye, ukuyibeka kakuhle, “ukugqiba kwepolymer.” “Inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu” ifana negama eliquka konke.

Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwe-thermal zijolise kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana netanki yamanzi e-injini, kunye ne-air conditioner emotweni yeyona nto inkulu ekumiseleni ukukhululeka kokukhwela-kodwa akunjalo. Nanini na xa kunqunyanyisiwe i-air conditioner yemoto, nokuba i-chassis filtering inamandla kangakanani na, ilungile kangakanani i-NVH? IRolls-Royce engenawo umoya wokupholisa umoya ayilunganga njengeChery—ingakumbi ngeli xesha lonyaka, ii-air conditioners zibalulekile kubomi babanini-moto. Kubalulekile.

Inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri yemoto yombane ilungisa le ngongoma.

Kutheni iibhetri zifuna inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu?

Xa kuthelekiswa neenqwelo zamafutha, ingozi yokhuseleko “eyodwa” yezithuthi zombane ilele kulawulo lwe-thermal yebhetri yamandla. Emva kokubaleka kwe-thermal kwenzeka, ukusasazwa kwetyathanga okufana nokusabela kwe-thermonuclear kwenzeka.

Thatha ibhetri ye-lithium eyaziwayo ye-18650 njengomzekelo. Iiseli ezininzi zebhetri zenza ipakethi yebhetri. Ukuba ubushushu bebhetri enye abukho kulawulo, ubushushu buya kudluliselwa kwindawo engqongileyo, kwaye ke iiseli zebhetri ezijikelezileyo ziya kuba ne-chain reaction enye emva kwenye njenge-firecracker. Ngethuba le nkqubo, izihloko ezininzi zophando ziya kuqaliswa, kubandakanywa amazinga okushisa aphakathi, iikhemikhali kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu bombane, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kunye nokuhanjiswa.

Eyona ndlela ilula kunye neyona ndlela isebenzayo yokulawula ukubaleka kwe-thermal chain kukongeza umaleko wokugquma phakathi kweeyunithi zebhetri zamandla-ngoku uninzi lwezithuthi zamafutha zinika ingqalelo kuyo, kwaye isangqa somaleko wokugquma sibekwe ngaphandle kwebhetri.

Nangona umaleko wokugquma lolona hlobo lulula lwenkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri, ikwalelona liyingxaki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubukhulu bomgangatho wokufakelwa buya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umthamo opheleleyo wepakethi yebhetri; kwelinye icala, i-insulation layer “yinkqubo yokulawula i-thermal ehambayo” eyenza isantya sebhetri xa ifuna ukufudunyezwa okanye ipholile.

Ubushushu obusebenzayo bebhetri ye-lithium yendabuko yi-0 ℃ ~ 40 ℃. Ukushisa okugqithisileyo kuya kunciphisa umthamo wokugcina ibhetri kunye nobomi bomjikelezo webhetri. Enyanisweni, ukushisa komhlaba ehlobo kunokwenzeka ukuba kudlule i-40 ° C, kwaye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ukushisa kwemoto evaliweyo kunokugqithisa i-60 ° C ehlobo. Ngokufanayo, ingaphakathi lebhetri liyindawo evaliweyo kwaye kuya kuba shushu kakhulu… Kwizithuthi zombane, inkqubo yolawulo olushushu yebhetri ibaluleke kakhulu.

Uhlobo oluthile lweenqwelo zombane ezithengiswa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kuMntla Melika ngo-2011, ngenxa yenkqubo yayo yokulawula ibhetri elula, umthamo webhetri ubole kakhulu emva kweminyaka emi-5, okubangele ukuba abanini beemoto baseMntla Melika bahlawule i-$ 5,000 yokubuyisela ibhetri. .

Kwaye ukuba iqondo lokushisa lingaphantsi kwe-0 ° C, amandla okukhutshwa kweebhetri ze-lithium eziqhelekileyo ziya kuncitshiswa-eyaziwa nangokuthi “ukuqhuba”. Ngaphezu koko, iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, libi kakhulu umsebenzi we-ionization webhetri, oya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja, oko kukuthi, “ubunzima bokuhlawula kunye nomthamo ophantsi”. Inkqubo elungileyo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri iyakufudumeza ipakethi yebhetri phambi kokutshaja kubushushu obuphantsi, kwaye inomsebenzi wokugquma wamandla aphantsi xa umbane uqhagamshelwe.

Enyanisweni, ezinye iinkampani ziye zaphuhlisa ibhetri ye-lithium ephantsi kweqondo lokushisa elifanele ubushushu obuphezulu bendalo. Ngokomzekelo, ibhetri ye-lithium ephantsi yokushisa eyenzelwe iindawo ze-polar inokufezekisa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwi-0.2C kwi-40 ° C kunye nomthamo wokukhupha ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-80%. Abanye basebenza kakuhle kwiqondo lokushisa -50 ° C ukuya ku-70 ° C kwaye abafuni naluphi na uncedo oluvela kwinkqubo yokulawula ukushisa.

Ezi bhetri ze-lithium zinzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkampani zemoto ngokubhekiselele kumandla ombane kunye neendleko, ngoko ke kwiinkampani zemoto, iinkqubo zokulawula ukufudumala kwebhetri zisesisisombululo sezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa ubomi bebhetri kunye neemeko zokusebenza.

Isebenza njani inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri?

Umgaqo osebenzayo wenkqubo yokulawula i-thermal yebhetri ifana neyomoya womoya wekhaya. Ukubeka ngokulula, iyunithi yokulinganisa kunye nokulawula inoxanduva lokubeka iliso lokushisa, kwaye icandelo lokulawula ubushushu liqhuba i-medium transfer transfer ubushushu ukugqiba ulawulo lobushushu lokugqibela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchaneka kokulawula ubushushu benkqubo yokulawula ubushushu bebhetri iphezulu kakhulu kunee-air conditioners zasekhaya, kwaye inokubeka iliso kubushushu bebhetri enye kwipakethi yebhetri.

Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokuqhuba ubushushu kwinkqubo yolawulo lwe-thermal yebhetri ngumoya, ulwelo kunye nezinto zokutshintsha isigaba. Ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko, uninzi lweenkqubo zangoku zolawulo lobushushu bebhetri zisebenzisa ulwelo njengendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu. Impompo yinxalenye engundoqo yale nkqubo yokulawula ukushisa kwebhetri.

Okwangoku, i-HELLA ibonelela ngamacandelo amaninzi angundoqo kwi-battery yolawulo lwe-thermal system yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, elona limele i-electronic circulating water pump MPx, enokulawula ngokuchanekileyo uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba kobushushu bokusebenza bugcinwa kwindawo efanelekileyo. inqanaba lokufezekisa ukuqina kwenkqubo yebhetri.

Ukongeza, inkqubo yolawulo lobushushu bebhetri ye-HELLA ikwabonelela ngesisombululo senkqubo yoshishino lweemoto, hayi nje isisombululo semveliso, ngakumbi e-China, ebaluleke kakhulu…

Ngoko ke, yintoni isisombululo senkqubo, kwaye yintoni isisombululo esilula?

Thenga ikhomputha, umzekelo, uxelela umthengisi ukusebenza, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nexabiso elifikelelekayo, umthengisi uyakunceda ukhethe iimveliso ezithile kwaye uxelele umgaqo-nkqubo wewaranti, unqwenela wena, uhlawule, kwaye wazise umthengisi ukuba ufuna ukufaka nayiphi na inguqulelo. yenkqubo yokusebenza , Ngomso olandelayo kwikhompyutheni, emva kokuba usayine into ethile, ikhompyutha ibetha ngokuthe ngqo kumthengisi-oku kubizwa ngokuba sisisombululo senkqubo.

Isisombululo kuphela kukuthenga iqokobhe lakho, i-CPU, fan, imemori, i-hard drive, ikhadi lemizobo kwimarike, kwaye uzenzele ngokwakho. Le nkqubo ayinakusonjululwa kwiintsuku ezimbini. Kwaye ikhompyuter edibeneyo ayinayo iwaranti. Emva kokuba umatshini ungaphumeleli, kufuneka uye kumacandelo okugcinwa komnye nomnye, kwaye unxibelelane namacandelo afanelekileyo ababoneleli emva kokufumana iindawo eziphosakeleyo. Ukongeza, ukuba i-accessory yomntu wesithathu yonakaliswe ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-accessory, umzekelo, i-CPU iyatshisa ngenxa yengxaki yefeni, kungcono ukuhlawula iindleko zefeni entsha ngumthengisi wefeni, kwaye ilahleko ye-CPU ayizukuhlawulwa…

Lo ngumahluko phakathi kwesisombululo senkqubo kunye nesisombululo esisodwa.