Ngo-2021, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba kuya kubakho indawo eninzi kunye nezicelo zeemarike ezahlukeneyo.

Kwi-1997, xa isazi saseMelika uGudinaf safumanisa kwaye siqinisekisa ukuba i-olivine-based lithium iron phosphate (LFP) ingasetyenziselwa njenge-electrode efanelekileyo, wayengenakucinga ukuba indlela enjalo yobugcisa yayiza kusetyenziswa kakhulu e-China ngenye imini.

Ngo-2009, i-China yasungula iprojekthi yemoto ye-1,000 kwizixeko ze-10, kwaye iceba ukuphuhlisa izixeko ezili-10 minyaka yonke kwiminyaka emithathu, isixeko ngasinye sisungula i-1,000 yeenqwelo zamandla amatsha. Ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nobomi obude, uninzi lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ikakhulu iimoto zabahambi, zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Ukususela ngoko, indlela yeteknoloji ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate iye yaqala ukuthatha ingcambu e-China kwaye iyaqhubeka ikhula.

Ukukhumbula ukuphuhliswa kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate e-China, umthamo ofakiweyo weebhetri unyuke ukusuka kwi-0.2GWh ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-20.3GWh kwi-2016, ukwanda kwamaxesha angama-100 kwiminyaka eyi-7. Emva kwe-2016, iya kuzinza kwi-20GWh ngonyaka.

Ukususela kumbono wesabelo semarike, isabelo semarike ye-lithium iron phosphate iye yahlala ingaphezulu kwe-70% ukusuka kwi-2010 ukuya ku-2014. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwe-2016, ngenxa yohlengahlengiso lwemigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso kunye nekhonkco phakathi koxinzelelo lwamandla, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zaqala ukupholisa. kwimarike, ukunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ngaphezu kwe-70% yemarike ngaphambi ko-2014. Ngo-2019, iye yehla ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-15%.

Ngeli xesha, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate nazo zifumene amathandabuzo amaninzi, kwaye zakha zafana nokubuyela umva, kwaye kuye kwakho umkhwa wokulahla i-lithium iron phosphate. Emva kolu tshintsho lubonisa ukuba ngaphambi kwe-2019, imarike ixhomekeke kakhulu kumgaqo-nkqubo.

Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kobugcisa kunye neendleko, kunokubonakalisa uphuhliso kunye nokuvuthwa kwamashishini e-lithium iron phosphate iteknoloji yebhetri ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Kwiminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo, ukuxinana kwamandla kuye kwanda ngomyinge we-9% ngonyaka, kwaye iindleko ziye zehla nge-17% ngonyaka.

Unjineli oyintloko wobugcisa be-ANCH u-Bai Ke uqikelela ukuba ngo-2023, ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwamandla e-lithium iron phosphate kuya kucotha ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kuma-210Wh/kg, kwaye iindleko ziya kuhla ukuya kwi-0.5 yuan/Wh.

I-2020 yindawo yokuguqula iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate

Ukuqala ngo-2020, ibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate ethe cwaka sele iqalile ukuthabatha kwaye ingene kumjikelo omtsha wokukhula.

Ingqiqo emva ikakhulu ibandakanya:

Okokuqala, izithuthi zamandla amatsha zimisiwe, kwaye imveliso eyahlukeneyo kunye nemigca yeteknoloji sele iqalile ukufumana iindlela zabo; okwesibini, kwinqanaba elithile lezikhululo zesiseko se-5 g, iinqanawa, oomatshini bokwakha kunye nezinye iimarike, iingenelo zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zivelele, kwaye ezintsha zivuliwe. Amathuba emarike; okwesithathu, ngokunyuka kwentengiso yeemarike zebhetri, ishishini lokuphela kwe-ToC lixhasa iindawo ezintsha zokukhula, ezibonelela ngeendlela ezintsha zeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Iimodeli ezintathu ezithintekayo kakhulu kwintsimi yezithuthi zombane, i-Tesla Model 3, i-BYD Han yaseShayina kunye ne-Hongguang miniEV, zonke zixhotyiswe ngeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, ezizisa ingcinga enkulu kwintsimi yezithuthi zombane. Iimoto zinezicelo zazo kwixesha elizayo.

Njengoko imarike iqala ukuhamba kude nemigaqo-nkqubo kwaye isiya kwimarike yokwenyani, amathuba okuba iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate ziya kuvulwa ngakumbi.

Ngokombono wedatha yemarike, umthamo ofakiweyo we-automotive lithium iron phosphate kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele kwi-20Gwh ngo-2020. Ukongeza, ukuthunyelwa kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwimarike yokugcina amandla kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele malunga ne-10Gwh.

Ishumi elitsha lamathuba ebhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate

Ukujongana ne-2021, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate ziya kuvula indawo engakumbi kwizicelo zeemarike ezahlukeneyo.

Kwinkqubo yombane edibeneyo yenkqubo yamandla, umkhwa wokuthuthwa komhlaba kunye nokufakelwa kombane wesithuthi awunakuguqulwa. Ukufakelwa kombane kwiinqanawa nako kunyuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imigangatho efanelekileyo iphucula rhoqo; kwangaxeshanye, imarike yeenqwelomoya zombane iqala ukwenza umfuniselo. Ezi mveliso ziya kuthatha isabelo esithile kwimakethi yebhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate.

Indawo yokugcina amandla iya kuba yindawo yesibini yedabi yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate. Ukugcinwa kwamandla ngokuyinhloko kuhlulwe kwisitoreji samandla esikhulu esidityaniswe negridi yamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla amancinci amelwe zizikhululo ezisisiseko ze-5G, eziza kudlala indima ephambili kwimarike yesicelo sebhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate.

Ukongezelela, kwiimarike zezicelo ezikhulayo, kubandakanywa i-forklifts yombane, i-mopeds yombane, i-backup data center, i-elevator backup, izixhobo zonyango ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nezinye iimeko, kuya kuzisa amathuba athile kunye nendawo yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Ukwahlukahlukana kweemarike, uphuhliso lokwahlulwa kwemveliso

Iimarike ezihlukeneyo zikwabeke phambili iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri ze-lithium, ezinye zifuna ubomi obude bebhetri, ezinye zifuna uxinano lwamandla aphezulu, kwaye ezinye zifuna ukusebenza okubanzi kobushushu. Nokuba iibhetri ze-lithium ye-iron phosphate zifuna uphuhliso oluhlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye namanqaku eentlungu zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.

I-ALCI Technology yasekwa ngoMeyi 2016, kwaye ihlala ibambelele kwindlela ye-lithium iron phosphate technology. Ijolise kwimfuno yemarike yexesha elizayo, i-Baike yazisa indlela yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-AlCI kwindawo yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Kwicala lokwanda koxinano lwamandla, ixesha lokusukela ngamandla ukuxinana kwamandla lidlulile, kodwa njengohlobo lokuthwala amandla, ukuxinana kwamandla sisalathisi sobugcisa ekufuneka sijongane nayo.

Ukuze kusonjululwe le ngxaki, i-Anchi iphuhlise i-electrode engqindilili ngokwesakhiwo, ephelisa ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kunye nokunyuka kobushushu obuphezulu bebhetri ngokulinganisa i-polarization yepleyiti ye-electrode. Inokwenza ibhetri ye-iron-lithium ibe nobomi obude kunye noxinano lwamandla aphezulu. Ubunzima bobunzima bebhetri ye-lithium yensimbi esekelwe kule teknoloji idlula i-190Wh / Kg, kwaye umthamo udlula i-430Wh / L.

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kweebhetri zamandla kwiimeko zobushushu obuphantsi, i-ANch ikwaphuhlise ubushushu obuphantsi beebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate. Ngokudibanisa i-low-viscosity superelectrolyte, i-ion / i-electronic superconducting network, i-graphite ye-isotropic, i-ultrafine nanometer ye-lithium iron kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe, ibhetri inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo yokushisa ephantsi.

Ukongezelela, ekuphuhliseni iibhetri zobomi obude, ngokusebenzisa i-lithium ephantsi yokusetyenziswa kwe-electrodes engalunganga, i-electrodes ezinzileyo ephezulu, kunye ne-electrolyte self-repair technology, ngaphezu kwe-6000 imijikelezo yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate ziye zafunyanwa.