Sei mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi asingaratidzi zvakarurama kuti asara zvakadini?

Saka, kudzokera kumubvunzo wepakutanga, nei motokari dzemagetsi (uye mabhatiri ekutungamirira) zvichiita sezvisina kururama? Izvi zvinodaro nekuti simba remotokari dzemagetsi (dzinowanzonzi SOC, kana state of charge) inonetsa kuyera kupfuura simba renharembozha.

Pane zvikonzero zvakati kuti nei mota dzemagetsi dzakanyanya kuoma kufungidzira kupfuura nharembozha. Hezvino zvimwe zvakadzama:

Inowanzo shandiswa SOC fungidziro nzira:

Ngatitange neimwe yatinoziva zviri nani: GPS. Ikozvino, nharembozha-yakavakirwa GPS yekumisikidza ndeyechokwadi kurongeka kwemamita. Panyaya yezvombo zvinokandwa, kumira kwakadaro hakuna kukwana. Zvinhu zviviri zvakashaikwa: chokwadi uye chaiyo-nguva (kureva, nhamba yemasekonzi ekubudirira kuwana). Saka missile ine imwe muripo system: gyroscope.

Gyroscopes inoenderana yakakwana kune setiraiti GPS chinzvimbo-iwo akarurama (pamwe pachiyero chemirimita) uye chaiyo-nguva, asi dambudziko nderekuti zvikanganiso zvinowanda. Somuenzaniso, kana ukavhara munhu kumeso womukumbira kuti afambe mumutsara wakatwasuka, unogona kusaona makumi emamita, asi unogona kufamba makiromita akati kuti wotendeuka 180 madhigirii.

Pane here nzira yekusanganisa ruzivo pakati peGPS negyroscope kuti vawirirane kuti vawane chinzvimbo chakanyanya kunaka? Mhinduro ndeyekuti hongu, Kalman kusefa kwakanaka, ndizvozvo.

Izvi zvine chekuita nei nekufungidzira kwebhatiri reSOC? Pane nzira mbiri dzinowanzo shandiswa yekuyera SOC:

Nzira yekutanga ndeye yakavhurika yedunhu voltage nzira, inoyera mamiriro ebhatiri zvichienderana neyakavhurika yedunhu voltage yebhatiri. Izvi zviri nyore kunzwisisa, asi yakazara yakakwira bhatiri voltage, yakaderera bhatiri simba, simba uye voltage zvinoenderana. Iyi nzira yakafanana nesatellite GPS positioning, hapana kukanganisa kunowedzera (nokuti inobva pamamiriro ezvinhu), asi kunyatsoita kwakaderera (nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, mhinduro yapfuura ikozvino yatsanangurwa).

Rudzi rwechipiri runodaidzwa kuti ampere hour integrator, inoyera mamiriro ebhatiri nekubatanidza voltage (kuyerera) kwebhatiri. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukachaja bhatiri 100-kilowatt, uye nguva imwe neimwe paunoyera ikozvino uye kuwedzera kusvika ku50 degrees, simba rinosara richava 50 degrees. Iyi nzira inogona kuenzaniswa neyepamusoro-chaiyo gyroscopes (pakarepo kuyerwa kwechiyero kuri pasi pe1%, 0.1% yekuyerwa mutengo yakaderera uye yakajairika), asi kukanganisa kwekuwedzera kwakakura. Uye zvakare, kunyangwe iyo ammeter iri mwari mhando uye yakanyatsokwana, iyo yakakosha nzira uye yakavhurika yedunhu voltage nzira haiparadzaniswe kana ammeter ichishandiswa. Sei? Nokuti hunhu hwebhatiri pachahwo huchachinja.

Mudzidzo, pamwe mamwe makambani emota epamusoro anosanganisa akavhurika dunhu voltage uye ampere-awa kubatanidzwa neKalman sefa algorithm kuti uwane iyo yakanyatso fungidziro yeSOC, asi vanowanzo kanganisa nekuti havanzwisise kuti vangadzamisa sei shanduko yemabhatiri. nature.

Mota dzemagetsi dzakagadzirwa nemakambani emotokari dzepamba dzinowanzo shandisa nzira yakavhurika yemagetsi uye nzira yekubatanidza LAMV: mota inotevera inosiya nguva yakakwana (semuenzaniso, mota inongobatidzwa mangwanani), uye nzira yakavhurika yemagetsi inoshandiswa fungidzira simba rinotanga, SOC_start akadaro. Mushure mekunge mota yatangwa, chimiro chebhatiri chinova chaotic, uye yakavhurika yedunhu voltage nzira haichashanda. Zvadaro, shandisa iyo SOC_start-based amV yekubatanidza nzira yekufungidzira yazvino bhatiri simba.

Chinhu chakakosha chinoita kuti SOC yemotokari dzemagetsi iome ndiko kuomerwa mukuenzanisa lithium bhatiri packs. Kana nemamwe mazwi, nzvimbo yekutsvagisa iyo inogona kuita kuti mota yemagetsi SOC fungidziro iwedzere uye yakawanda. Hunhu hwemabhatiri uye bhatiri mapaketi ndiyo yakakosha kutungamira. Kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwechishandiso haisiriyo nzira yekutsvagisa yemazuva ano iyo yakarurama zvakakwana, uye zvisinei kuti yakarurama sei, haina maturo.