Kungani amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi engabonisi kahle ukuthi zisele kangakanani?

Ngakho-ke, emuva embuzweni wokuqala, kungani izimoto zikagesi (namabhethri okuhola) zibonakala zingalungile? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amandla ezimoto zikagesi (ezivamise ukubizwa nge-SOC, noma isimo sokushaja) anzima kakhulu ukukala kunamandla omakhalekhukhwini.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani izimoto zikagesi kunzima kakhulu ukulinganisa kunomakhalekhukhwini. Nawa amaphuzu ajulile:

Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokulinganisa ze-SOC:

Ake siqale ngesazi kangcono: GPS. Manje, ukuma kwe-GPS okusekelwe kumakhalekhukhwini kunembile ekuhlelekeni kwamamitha. Ngokuqondene nemicibisholo, ukuma okunjalo akwanele. Zimbili izinto ezishodayo: ukunemba nesikhathi sangempela (okungukuthi, inombolo yamasekhondi ozoyithola ngempumelelo). Ngakho umcibisholo unolunye uhlelo lwesinxephezelo: i-gyroscope.

Ama-Gyroscopes agcwalisa ngokuphelele ukuma kwe-GPS yesathelayithi-anembile (okungenani esikalini semilimitha) kanye nesikhathi sangempela, kodwa inkinga ukuthi amaphutha ayanqwabelana. Isibonelo, uma uvala amehlo umuntu bese umcela ukuthi ahambe ngomugqa oqondile, ungase ungaboni amashumi amamitha, kodwa ungakwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha amaningana bese ujika ama-degree angu-180.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuhlanganisa ulwazi phakathi kwe-GPS ne-gyroscope ukuze kuphelelisane ukuze uthole indawo enembe kakhulu? Impendulo ithi yebo, ukuhlunga kwe-Kalman kuhle, yilokho kuphela.

Lokhu kuhlangana ngani nesilinganiso sebhethri le-SOC? Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokulinganisa i-SOC:

Indlela yokuqala iyindlela ye-voltage yesifunda evulekile, ekala isimo sebhethri ngokusekelwe ku-voltage yesekethe evulekile yebhethri. Lokhu kulula ukukuqonda, kodwa i-voltage ephezulu yebhethri ephezulu, amandla ebhethri aphansi, amandla ne-voltage kuyahambisana. Le ndlela ifana ne-satellite GPS positioning, alikho iphutha lokuqongelela (ngoba lisekelwe ezimweni), kodwa ukunemba kuphansi (ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, impendulo yangaphambilini isichazwe manje).

Uhlobo lwesibili lubizwa ngokuthi i-ampere hour integrator, ekala isimo sebhethri ngokuhlanganisa i-voltage (ukugeleza) kwebhethri. Isibonelo, uma ushaja ibhethri engu-100-kilowatt, futhi isikhathi ngasinye ulinganisa okwamanje futhi ukhulise ama-degree angu-50, amandla asele azoba ama-degree angu-50. Le ndlela ingafaniswa nama-gyroscope anembe kakhulu (ukunemba kokulinganisa ngokushesha kungaphansi kuka-1%, izindleko zokulinganisa ezingu-0.1% ziphansi futhi zivamile), kodwa iphutha lokuqoqa likhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho noma i-ammeter iwuphawu lukankulunkulu futhi inembile ngokuphelele, indlela ebalulekile kanye nendlela ye-voltage yesifunda evulekile ayinakuhlukaniswa lapho kusetshenziswa i-ammeter. Kungani? Ngoba imvelo yebhethri ngokwayo izoshintsha.

Ezifundweni, mhlawumbe ezinye izinkampani zezimoto ezithuthukile zihlanganisa amandla kagesi wesekethe evulekile kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwehora le-ampere ne-algorithm yesihlungi se-Kalman ukuze zithole isilinganiso esinembile kakhulu se-SOC, kodwa ngokuvamile zenza amaphutha ngoba aziqondi ukuthi zingajulisa kanjani ukuvela kwamabhethri. imvelo.

Izimoto zikagesi ezakhiwe izinkampani zezimoto zasekhaya ngokuvamile zisebenzisa indlela kagesi yesekethe evulekile kanye nendlela yokuhlanganisa i-LAMV: imoto elandelayo ishiya isikhathi esanele (isibonelo, imoto ivulwa ekuseni kuphela), futhi indlela kagesi yesekethe evulekile isetshenziswa linganisela ukuqala kwamandla, kusho i-SOC_start. Ngemuva kokuthi imoto iqalisiwe, isimo sebhethri siba nesiphithiphithi, futhi indlela ye-voltage yesifunda evulekile ayisasebenzi. Bese, sebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-amV ye-SOC_start-based ukuze ulinganise amandla ebhethri amanje.

Isici esibalulekile esenza i-SOC yezimoto zikagesi ibe nzima ubunzima bokulinganisa amaphakethe ebhethri ye-lithium. Noma ngamanye amazwi, inkambu yocwaningo engenza ukulinganisa kwe-SOC yemoto kagesi kube nenemba kakhulu. Imvelo yamabhethri namaphakethe ebhethri iyisiqondiso esibalulekile. Ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwethuluzi akusona isiqondiso socwaningo samanje esinembe ngokwanele, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sinembe kangakanani, akusizi ngalutho.