Motocin lantarki masu wayo suna haɓaka ta hanyar da ba ta da ƙarfi. A matsayin tushen wutar lantarki na motocin lantarki, daya bayan daya kuma ana shigar da su a karkashin irin wannan yanayin gaba daya. Shekarar 2020 ita ce shekarar da za a sauya motocin da ke amfani da wutar lantarki daga tsarin siyasa zuwa kasuwa, kuma masana’antar batir wutar lantarki ita ma tana kan aiwatar da sauye-sauye.

Ana sa ran bukatar batirin wutar lantarki zai karu da kashi 30 cikin 2021 a shekarar XNUMX

According to data from the China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, in 2020, China’s cumulative power battery load will reach 63.6GWh, a year-on-year increase of 2.3%. Among them, CATL was the first installation, with a market share of up to 50%, accounting for half of the country. BYD (01211) ranked second with a market share of 14.9%. Judging from the data of installed capacity in 2020, the development of the power battery industry shows the potential for vigorous development. The information of the entire power battery industry chain is out of stock, price increases, and capacity expansion. By 2020, the number of power battery installations will continue to increase, so how will the demand change in 2021? The industry unanimously predicts that the number of power battery installations in 2021 will increase by 30% year-on-year. Fang Jianhua, partner and president of the National Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Fund New Energy Vehicle Venture Capital Sub-fund, believes that China’s new energy vehicle sales in 2021 are expected to be around 1.8 million, and the installation of power batteries will increase by more than 30% year-on-year.

An kiyasta cewa duk ci gaban buƙatun lithium a cikin 2021 zai fito ne daga kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki, kuma kusan kashi uku cikin huɗu na ci gaban zai fito ne daga kasuwar motocin lantarki. Idan aka kididdige karfin cajin motocin lantarki daban-daban bisa matakin shekarar 2020, ana sa ran bukatar lithium a cikin motocin lantarki zai kai 92.2GWh a shekarar 2021, kuma adadinsa a jimillar bukatar zai tashi daga 50.1% a shekarar 2020 zuwa 55.7%. Zeng Yuqun, shugaban jaridar Ningde Times, ya yi imanin cewa daga shekarar 2021, bukatar kasuwar batirin lithium ta duniya za ta karu sosai, amma karfin samar da dukkan sassan masana’antu yana da sannu a hankali kuma samar da ingantaccen inganci bai isa ba. Tare da haɓakar haɓakar buƙatun batirin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin samar da dukkan sassan samar da kayayyaki zai fuskanci ƙalubale. A karkashin irin wannan hasashen buƙatun, manyan kamfanonin batir ɗin wutar lantarki su ma suna haɓaka aikin samar da wutar lantarki. Bugu da kari, kamfanoni da kamfanonin batir masu amfani da wutar lantarki da kamfanonin kera motoci sun fahimci mahimmancin kwanciyar hankali na samar da albarkatun kasa da aiwatar da shimfidu daban-daban.

Kayayyakin fasahar batir mai yanke wuta yana hanzarta saukowa

Ta fuskar fasaha, 2021 za ta kasance wata shekara mai albarka. Tun lokacin da BYD ya ƙaddamar da batir ruwa a cikin 2020, batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe sun yi zafi. Dangane da aminci, farashi, aiki, da dai sauransu, batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe sun sami tagomashin kamfanoni. Bayanai sun nuna cewa batirin lithium iron phosphate sun karu sosai a fannin motocin fasinja masu amfani da wutar lantarki, daga 2.59GWh a shekarar 2019 zuwa 7.38GWh a shekarar 2020. , musamman saboda raguwar motocin bas masu amfani da wutar lantarki masu tsafta da kuma motocin musamman masu amfani da wutar lantarki a manyan kasuwannin biyu na sinadarin lithium iron phosphate, wadanda ke kawo koma baya ga kasuwar motocin fasinja. karuwa. Tun daga 1.08, samfuran siyar da zafi kamar Tesla Model 2019, BYD Han, da Wuling Hongguang MiniEV suna sanye da batirin lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate, yana ƙara haɓaka kwarin gwiwar kasuwa a cikin batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe. A cikin 2020, ƙarfin da aka sanya na batir phosphate na lithium baƙin ƙarfe a cikin kasuwar motocin fasinja mai tsabta za ta kai 3GWh, ƙarfin shigar kuma zai ƙaru zuwa 2021%.

Fang Zhouzi believes that some new power battery technologies will appear in 2021. Early power batteries sacrificed other aspects of performance while pursuing energy density. Today, new technologies in the field of power batteries will continue to emerge and land. Gu Niu announced on January 8 that due to “high-capacity silicon anode materials and advanced pre-lithium technology”, 210Wh/kg lithium iron phosphate batteries have achieved such a high energy density. On January 9, NIO released a 150kWh solid-state battery pack with a single energy density of 360Wh/kg, and announced that it will be installed in cars in the fourth quarter of 2022, indicating that the commercialization of solid-state battery technology is further accelerating.

On January 13, the automotive think tank released its first new car, carrying the cutting-edge battery technology jointly developed with CATL, and for the first time announced the adoption of “doped lithium silicon filling technology, single-cell battery energy density 300 wh/kg”. On January 18, Guangzhou Automobile Group revealed that models equipped with silicon anode batteries have entered the actual vehicle test stage as planned and will be launched this year. Fang Jianhua said that in 2021, there will be some new technology introductions and even breakthroughs in the fields of power battery materials, high nickel anodes, silicon carbon anode materials, new composite fluid collection materials and conductive materials. These technologies will play a key role in improving the performance of power batteries.

Strong market expectations have also inspired power battery companies to accelerate their expansion, especially the leading power battery companies continue to compete to increase their market share in the future. On February 2, Ningde Times announced plans to build three production bases in Zhaoqing, Guangdong, Yibin, Sichuan, and Ningde, Fujian. It is expected to increase the production capacity of 79GWh, with a total investment of up to 29 billion yuan. On December 31, 2020, Ningde Times just announced a 39 billion yuan expansion plan. On February 3, Yiwei Lithium Energy also announced that Sun’s Yiwei Power Hong Kong plans to invest US$128 million to establish Yiwei Power in Huizhou to expand the production scale of power batteries. 2021 is destined to be the year of capacity expansion for major power battery companies. According to sources, the Ningde Times Cheri Bay project is progressing in an orderly manner, and the first and second plants are expected to be put into use in October this year. China Aviation Building Lithium A6 project is also stepping up equipment installation and commissioning, and will usher in formal production. As early as November 2020, Honeycomb Energy announced the construction of a 24GWh factory in Europe, with a total investment of 15.5 billion yuan.

However, there is crazy expansion on one side, and the question of capacity utilization on the other. Take the Ningde era as an example. According to the company’s annual report, the capacity utilization rate in 2019 was 89.17%. In the first half of 2020, the capacity utilization rate was only 52.50%. Therefore, industry personage Wang Min said that based on the positive judgment of the market, major battery companies are accelerating the expansion of production, but the issue of power battery capacity utilization also needs attention. If the capacity utilization rate of leading enterprises is insufficient, the situation of small and medium-sized enterprises will be more serious. The capacity structure of power batteries is excessive and the capacity utilization rate is insufficient. The supply of power batteries is tight and there is overcapacity. Among them, there is a shortage of high-end and high-quality production capacity, and the production capacity of low-end products is insufficient. On the supply side, high-end products require a lot of battery power. Therefore, this is a good explanation. Head battery companies are accelerating their expansion in order to increase the supply of high-end production capacity.

A cikin 2021, masana’antar batir ba za ta ragu ba. A ranar 11 ga watan Janairu, Motar Qianjiang ta sanar da cewa, batirin Qianjiang Lithium Battery ya nemi shiga yanar gizo saboda rashin biyan kudi, kuma an kawar da wani kamfanin batir mai amfani da wutar lantarki. Kafin wannan, kamfanoni da yawa kamar Watma da Hubei Lions sun nemi shiga yanar gizo saboda rashin biyan kuɗi. Ga masana’antar batirin wutar lantarki, 2021 za ta ci gaba da zama shekara mai kyau, amma ba ta da amfani ga duk kamfanoni. Daga bayanan tarihi, akwai kamfanoni 73 da za su goyi bayan samar da kwayar halitta a cikin 2020; Kamfanoni 79 a cikin 2019 da kamfanoni 110 a cikin 2018. Babu shakka cewa nan da shekarar 2021, kasuwar batir wutar lantarki na ci gaba da inganta, kuma za a ci gaba da sake fasalin masana’antu.