Kungani uTesla ephikelela ekusebenziseni i-cobalt lithium?

Ibhethri likaTesla lingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zezimoto zikagesi. Kwakuyinhlekisa futhi kuhlanjalazwa ezinsukwini zakuqala. Ngisho nangemva kokuba izingxenye eziqhumayo zidayisiwe, ochwepheshe abaningi bemboni bakubiza ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuphelelwe yisikhathi nemigomo engacacile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Tesla ukuphela kwenkampani esebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-cobalt-ion angu-18650, asetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile kumakhompiyutha encwajana futhi engenhle njengezimoto zikagesi futhi abeka izingozi zokuphepha. kuyiqiniso lokho?

Ngokombiko, umthelela wamabhethri ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi uyabonakala ngokwamandla aphumayo. I-iron phosphate okwamanje iyikhethelo lokuqala emakethe, njenge-Chevrolet Volt, i-Nissan Leaf, i-BYD E6 ne-FiskerKarma, ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo, ukuphepha kanye nezikhathi zokushaja.

I-Tesla iyimoto yokuqala ukusebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium cobalt ion

Izimoto zezemidlalo zikaTesla namamodeli anikwa amandla amabhethri e-lithium cobalt oxide angu-18650. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate, leli bhethri linenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, amandla aphezulu, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, nokuvumelana okuphezulu, kodwa linesici sokuphepha esiphansi, izici ezimbi ze-thermoelectric, kanye nezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu.

Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi embonini, i-voltage ihlale ingaphansi kuka-2.7V noma ingaphezulu kuka-3.3V, futhi izimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile zizovela. Uma ibhethri likhulu futhi izinga lokushisa lingalawulwa kahle, kunengozi yomlilo. Akumangalisi ukuthi uTesla ugxekwe ngokungathembeki kubuchwepheshe bebhethri, ngoba ubuchwepheshe bebhethri bugxile kakhulu ku-voltage, wamanje, nokulawula okushisayo.

Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, amabhethri e-lithium-ion iron phosphate abhekwa njengephephile futhi anokwethenjelwa, kodwa awatholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Enqubweni yokulungiselela, i-iron oxide ingancishiswa ibe yinsimbi eyisisekelo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Insimbi elula izobangela i-micro short circuit yebhethri, ephikisanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekusebenzeni, ukushaja nokukhipha ama-curve amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate ahluke kakhulu, ukuhambisana akukuhle, futhi amandla aphansi aphansi, okuthinta ngqo impilo yebhethri ebucayi yezimoto zikagesi. Ngokombiko wakamuva wocwaningo we-Haitong International Securities, ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-Tesla (170Wh/kg) cishe kuphindwe kabili kunamabhethri e-BYD e-lithium-ion iron phosphate.

UNksz Whittingham waseNyuvesi yaseHuntington e-United Kingdom wenze amabhethri angu-18650 amalaptop, amathoshi nezinye izinto zedijithali kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970, kodwa uTesla waba yinkampani yokuqala ukusebenzisa u-18mm ububanzi no-65mm ubude emotweni. Inkampani yebhethri ye-cylindrical lithium.

Umqondisi kaTesla wezobuchwepheshe bebhethri, uKirt Kady, uthe engxoxweni yangaphambilini ukuthi uTesla uphinde wahlola izinhlobo zebhethri ezingama-300 ezihlukene emakethe, okuhlanganisa amabhethri ayisicaba namabhethri ayizikwele, kodwa wakhetha i-Panasonic’s 18650. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-18650 inomthamo omkhulu wamandla, uzinzile futhi uyavumelana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-18650 ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa izindleko zezinhlelo zebhethri. Ukwengeza, nakuba izinga lebhethri ngalinye lilincane kakhulu, amandla ebhethri ngalinye angalawulwa phakathi kwebanga elincane. Ngisho noma kukhona ukonakala ephaketheni lebhethri, umthelela wokonakala ungancishiswa uma uqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa ibhethri elikhulu elijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-China ikhiqiza amabhethri angu-18,650 njalo ngonyaka, futhi izinga lokuphepha liyathuthuka.

Ibhethri ye-lithium i-NCR18650 ibhethri enamandla amakhulu ane-voltage yegama engu-3.6V, umthamo omncane wokuzisholo ongu-2750 mA, kanye nosayizi wengxenye engu-45.5g. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuminyana kwamandla ka-18650 asetshenziswa ku-MODEL S yesizukulwane sesibili sikaTesla kuphakeme ngo-30% kunaleyo yemoto yezemidlalo yangaphambilini.

Isikhulu seTesla Chief Technology uJBStraubel sithe selokhu kwethulwa imoto yezemidlalo iModel S, izindleko zebhethri zehle cishe ngo-44% futhi zizoqhubeka nokuwa. Ngo-2010, iPanasonic yanikela ngamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-30 kuTesla njengomnikazi wamasheya. Ngo-2011, la maqembu amabili afinyelela esivumelwaneni samasu sokuhlinzeka ngamabhethri azo zonke izimoto zeTesla eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. Njengamanje uTesla ulinganisela ukuthi iPanasonic 18650 izofakwa kumamodeli angama-80,000.

Amabhethri e-lithium angu-6831 ahlelwa kabusha ngokuyisimangaliso

I-Tesla iyixazulula kanjani ingozi yokuphepha ye-18650? Isikhali sayo esiyimfihlo sikuhlelo lwayo lokucubungula ibhethri, oluhlinzeka ngesixazululo sokuxhuma amabhethri apakishiwe angu-68312 amp Panasonic 18650 ngochungechunge nangokufana.

Imoto kagesi idinga amabhethri angu-18,650. Isistimu yebhethri ye-Tesla Roadster iqukethe amaseli ebhethri amancane angu-6,831, kanti i-Model inamaseli ebhethri amaningi angu-8,000. Indlela yokubeka nokuhlanganisa lezi zinombolo ezinkulu zamabhethri amancane kubaluleke kakhulu.