Hajoale, tlhahiso e akaretsang ea naha ea heso ea makoloi a macha a matla e fetetse limilione tse 2.8, e behiloe pele lefatšeng. Kakaretso ea matla a ts’ehetso ea libeteri tsa motlakase tsa naha ea heso e feta lithane tse 900,000, ‘me libeteri tse ngata tsa litšila li tsamaea le tsona. Ho lahla ka mokhoa o sa lokelang ha libeteri tsa khale ho tla baka tšilafalo e tebileng ea tikoloho le kotsi bophelong ba batho.

Ho ea ka ponelopele ea Setsi sa Patlisiso sa Theknoloji ea Likoloi tsa China, kakaretso ea libeteri tsa matla a litšila e tla fihla ho lithane tse 120,000 ho isa ho tse 200,000 ho tloha 2018 ho isa 2020; ka 2025, palo ea selemo le selemo ea matla a betri ea lithium e ka fihla ho lithane tse 350,000, e bonts’a mokhoa oa ho nyoloha selemo le selemo.

Ka Phato 2018, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding le phatlalalitse “Melao ea Nakoana ea Tsamaiso ea Ts’ebetso ea Pholiso le Tšebeliso ea Libetri tsa Matla bakeng sa Likoloi tse Ncha tsa Matla”, e qalileng ho sebetsa ka la 1 August 2018. Baetsi ba likoloi ba tla jara tse ka sehloohong. boikarabello ba ho recycle le tšebeliso ea libeteri tsa motlakase. Lik’hamphani tsa ho hlabolla le ho qhaqha likoloi, lik’hamphani tse sebelisang maemo a holimo, le lik’hamphani tsa ho tsosolosa likoloi li tlameha ho phetha boikarabelo bo tšoanang likarolong tsohle tsa ho sebelisa betri ea matla.

Ho ea ka tlhahlobo ea mokhatlo, bophelo ba tšebeletso ea libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase tse hlahisoang mathoasong a 2014 hangata ke lilemo tse 5-8. Ho ea ka nako ea thekiso le tšebeliso ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, sehlopha sa pele sa libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase ‘marakeng se fihlile boemong bo boima ba ho felisoa.

Hona joale, boholo ba lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ‘marakeng ke cobalt, lithium, nickel, joalo-joalo Ka keketseho ea tlhokahalo ea’ maraka, melemo ea moruo le eona e kholo. Ho ea ka data ea WIND, karolong ea boraro ea 2018, theko e tloaelehileng ea lithium carbonate e ne e le hoo e ka bang 114,000 yuan / ton, ‘me theko e tloaelehileng ea betri-grade lithium carbonate e ne e le 80-85 yuan / ton.

Betri ea lithium e tsosolositsoeng e ka etsa eng?

Ha matla a betri ea khale ea matla a senyeha ka tlase ho 80%, koloi ha e sa khona ho khanna ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho e-na le matla a mangata a ka sebelisoang likarolong tse ling tse kang ho boloka matla le ho ajoa ha motlakase oa photovoltaic. Tlhokahalo ea liteishene tsa puisano e kholo ‘me e ka monya boholo ba matla a litšila a betri ea lithium. Lintlha li bontša hore tekanyo ea matsete liteisheneng tsa lefats’e tsa puisano ea mehala ka 2017 e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 52.9, e leng keketseho ea 4.34% selemo le selemo.

Maano a matle a thusa lik’hamphani tse hlabollang hape hore li hape litsi tsa indasteri

Ha re nke mohlala oa China Tower. China Tower e fana ka lits’ebeletso tsa kaho ea liteishene tsa puisano le lits’ebeletso tsa ts’ebetso bakeng sa basebelisi ba puisano. Ts’ebetso ea tora ea puisano e ipapisitse le mehloli ea matla ea bekapo. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea mofuta ona oa matla a bekapo e ne e le libeteri tsa lead-acid. Iron Tower Company e reka lithane tse ka bang 100,000 XNUMX tsa libeteri tsa asiti ea loto selemo le selemo, empa libeteri tsa asiti ea loto li na le mefokolo e itseng, joalo ka bophelo bo bokhutšoaane ba tšebeletso, tšebetso e tlaase, hape li na le loto e ngata ea heavy metal. , Haeba e lahliloe, ho bonolo ho baka tšilafalo ea bobeli tikolohong haeba e sa sebetsoe hantle.

Ntle le ho reka libeteri tse ncha tsa lithium e le mehloli ea matla, China Tower e boetse e lekile libeteri tse likete-kete tsa liteishene liprofinseng tse 12 le litoropong ho pholletsa le naha ho nka sebaka sa libeteri tsa lead-acid. Ho tloha bofelong ba 2018, liteishene tse ka bang 120,000 liprofinseng le litoropong tse 31 naheng ka bophara li se li li sebelisitse. Betri ea trapezoidal e ka bang 1.5GWh e nkela sebaka sa lithane tse ka bang 45,000 tsa libeteri tsa lead-acid.

Ho feta moo, GEM e ntse e itokisetsa nako ea morao-rao ea lithuso tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla. Ka tšebeliso ea cascade le recycle ea thepa, GEM e thehile tsamaiso e felletseng ea bophelo bohle bakeng sa ho nchafatsa lipakete tsa libeteri le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebelisoa hape bakeng sa makoloi a macha a matla. Hubei GEM Co., Ltd. e ile ea haha ​​​​mohala oa ho qhaqhoa o bohlale le o sa senyeheng bakeng sa matla a motlakase a litšila, ‘me o ntlafalitse mokhoa oa ho kopanya metsi le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso. Phofo ea spherical cobalt e hlahisoang e ka sebelisoa ka ho toba ho hlahisa lisebelisoa tsa cathode ea betri.

Na betri ea motlakase e felisitsoeng e sebetsa hantle?

Ho latela phello ea ts’ebeliso ea hajoale ea k’hamphani, eseng feela Tower Company, empa le State Grid Daxing le Zhangbei ba hahile setsi sa lipontšo Beijing. Beijing Automotive le New Energy Battery Co. li sebelisane ‘moho ho nts’etsapele merero ea seteishene sa polokelo ea matla le merero ea polokelo ea matla a linkho. Shenzhen BYD, Libetri tse tlohetseng mosebetsi tsa Langfang High-tech Company ke lihlahisoa tsa betri tse hlophisitsoeng tšimong ea tšebeliso. Wuxi GEM le SF Express li ntse li hlahloba tšebeliso ea likoloi tsa libeteri likoloing tsa thepa ea litoropong. Zhongtiahong Lithium le tse ling li khothalelitse tšebeliso ea likoloi tsa libeteri likoloing tse kang tsamaiso ea likhoerekhoere le bohahlauli ka mokhoa oa ho hira.

Bakeng sa ho tiisa indasteri ena, mafapha a amehang le ona a se a qalile ho theha mokhoa oa ho sebelisa betri ea matla, le ho tsamaisa sethala sa naha se kopaneng sa taolo bakeng sa ho lekola koloi e ncha ea matla le ho sebelisoa hape ha betri ea matla le ho latelloa. Ho fihlela joale, likhoebo tse 393 tsa tlhahiso ea likoloi, likhoebo tse 44 tse lahliloeng tsa ho sebelisa likoloi le tse qhaqhoang, likhoebo tse sebelisang li-echelon tse 37 le likhoebo tse 42 tse nchafatsang li kene sethaleng sa naha.

Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding le lona le nkile qeto ea ho etsa liporojeke tsa liteko tsa ho nchafatsa lisebelisoa libakeng tse 17 ho kenyeletsoa Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei le Shanghai, hammoho le likhoebo tsa tora ea tšepe ea malapeng. “Beck New Energy, GAC Mitsubishi le lik’hamphani tse ling tse 45 li thehile kakaretso ea lits’ebeletso tse 3204 tsa ts’ebeletso ea ho tsosolosa, haholo-holo sebakeng sa Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, le sebaka se bohareng ka palo e kholo. ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla.

Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka indasteri e ncha, tsela e larileng ka pele ha e bonolo. Mathata a maholo ka ho fetisisa a kenyeletsa bothata ba tekheniki ba ho tsosolosa botjha bo seng bo tlameha ho phunyeletsoa, ​​mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa ha o so thehoe, le bothata ba phaello ea ho tsosolosa. Ntlheng ena, hoa hlokahala ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea tšehetso ea leano, ho hlahisa mehato e fapa-fapaneng ea likhothatso, e le hore likhoebo li ka latsoa melemo, li fane ka papali e feletseng karolong ea libapali tsa mebaraka, ho potlakisa ntlafatso ea mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa, le ho theha matla a mangata.

Ho ea ka sebaka sa marang-rang sa Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding, theknoloji ea hajoale ea ho sebelisoa hape e se e holile, empa mahlale a bohlokoa le lisebelisoa tse joalo ka ho ntšoa ha litšepe tsa bohlokoa ka nepo li hloka ho ntlafatsoa. Boemo ba thibelo ea tšilafalo ea ho qhaqha le ho phekoloa ha libeteri tsa matla a litšila li hloka ho ntlafatsoa. Ho tsosolosoa ha libeteri tsa lithium iron phosphate ho tobane le bothata ba moruo o fokolang.

Mohatong o latelang, Lekala la Indasteri le Theknoloji ea Tlhahisoleseding le tla sebelisa ka botlalo metheo e teng ea liindasteri bakeng sa makoloi a khaotsoeng, ho qhaqhoa ha elektroniki le motlakase, le tšepe e sa sebeliseng ferrous, le ho hokahanya tlhophiso ea likhoebo tse nchafatsang libeteri tsa motlakase ho khothaletsa nts’etsopele ea moshoelella. ea indasteri.

Ka maano a matle le phano ea matla a mangata ea ho sebelisoa ha betri ke likhoebo tsa mebaraka, ho lebelletsoe hore ho tla theoa ketane e felletseng ea liindasteri nakong e tlang.