Muva nje, uNgqongqoshe Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi uMiao Wei ushilo Engqungqutheleni Yezimoto zikagesi yowezi-2019 ukuthi sisebenza kanzima ukwenza inqubomgomo yoxhaso yonyaka wezi-2019 (izimoto zamandla amasha). Umgomo ojwayelekile uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi zonke izibonelelo zikhanselwa ngo-2021, imboni ngeke ibe nokuguquguquka okukhulu. Khipha kancane kancane ukucindezela okubangelwa ukuhlehliswa ukuze uvimbele ukubuyisela emuva ngokweqile, okuzobangela ukwanda okukhulu kanye nokwehla okukhulu.

Eqinisweni, lapho kulungiswa uxhaso lwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ngo-2019, imboni iye yaqagela ngezinguqulo eziningi, phakathi kwazo abakhiqizi abakhathazeke kakhulu ngezidingo zokuminyana kwamandla ebhethri. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esilokhu sikhula, wonke umkhiqizi naye ungumqondo omuhle. Izinto ezintsha kanye nokupakishwa okusha kuyatholakala, kodwa kukhona namasiko afana ne-Xuanguan Technology Center (002074-CN), i-iron phosphate. Lo vulandi kufanele ufakwe ku-2018 kumabhethri e-lithium amandla asekhaya. Ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu ngomthamo, iXuanguan Hi-Tech icabanga ngani ngempela?

Eqinisweni, ukukleliswa kukaGuoxuan endaweni yesithathu kushayisa ngamahloni kancane ngoba kubala kuphela u-5% wenani eliphelele lezwe elifakiwe, kuyilapho i-Ningde Times (300750-CN) emibili ephezulu ne-BYD (002594-CN) ihlangene ihlanganisa isamba sezwe. I-60% yomthamo ofakiwe inomphumela osobala wekhanda futhi ingeye-echelon yokuqala. I-Guoxuan ilandelwa i-Lishen, i-Funeng, i-Bick, ne-Yiwei Lithium (300014-CN), ngayinye ithatha cishe u-3%, yakha isendlalelo sesibili. U-Guo Xuan ubanjwe phakathi kwama-echelons amabili futhi akakwazanga ukushesha, ekhathazekile ngokudlulwa yiqembu ngemuva.

Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zalo nyaka, umthamo ofakiwe wamabhethri e-lithium ezimotweni zikagesi zabagibeli ezweni lami wawungu-16.06GWh, obala u-87%, namabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate abalwe ku-12% kuphela. I-Guoxuan High-Tech ifana nenkomo enenkani ephethe ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate elidala emandleni amakhulu elibhekise kumaphakethe e-nickel ternary aphezulu kanye namaphakethe athambile. Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zonyaka ka-2018, umthamo ofakiwe wamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate wawungu-1.41GWh, olinganiselwa ku-90%, ongahambisani nokuphishekela kwemakethe kokungaqondi kwamandla aphezulu. Iyini inhloso yokuba nenkani kangaka?

Embonini yasekhaya yezimoto zamandla amasha cishe iminyaka eyishumi, yethule umqondo wokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nokwakhiwa kwamabhethri mayelana nenqubomgomo yoxhaso.

Okokuqala, i-lithium iron phosphate ephephe kunazo zonke ithathelwa indawo yizinto ze-terpolymer ezinomthamo omkhulu wamandla. Khona-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe isisindo sebhethri, i-casing yensimbi yamabhethri angama-cylindrical kanye nesikwele yathathelwa indawo into yokupakisha eguquguqukayo eyenziwe ngefilimu yepulasitiki ye-aluminium. Kodwa ingabe lo mklamo uyisiqalo sokwakha imoto yamandla entsha enhle? Noma bheka ulayini woxhaso lwezimoto zamandla avuselelekayo? Ngo-2016, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi wamisa ukufakwa kwamabhasi ebhethri e-lithium ekukhuthazeni izimoto ezintsha zamandla ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha. okuqukethwe.

Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-lithium battery cathode

Inzuzo ye-lithium iron phosphate ukuthi inokuphepha okungcono nempilo yomjikelezo, futhi intengo iyathengeka kakhulu. Ngokusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lamabhethri e-nickel, i-cobalt, kanye ne-manganese ternary lithium, intengo ye-cobalt inyusiwe, futhi inzuzo yentengo yamabhethri ensimbi ne-phosphoric acid isobala kakhulu.

Izibalo zengozi yokusha kwezimoto zikagesi eminyakeni yokuqala eyishumi ka-2018

Okungenhla idatha yezibalo zezingozi zomlilo zezimoto zikagesi zaseShayina ezinyangeni zokuqala ze-10 zika-2018. Ihlobo yisikhathi esiphezulu semililo. Izinto ze-Ternary zinomthamo omkhulu wamandla, kodwa uma kungekho ukuphepha, kusho ukuthini lokhu?

Umqondo wokuklama wokuphekela izibonelelo nawo uvuse ukucabanga ngomthetho. Ekugcineni, Ikhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko ikhansele izimfuneko zokuminyana kwamandla zamabhethri e-lithium “Kumithetho Yokulawulwa Kokutshalwa Kwezimali Embonini Yezimoto” ekhishwe ngo-December 18, 2018.

Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi bezimboni bacabanga ukuthi inqubomgomo entsha yokuxhaswa kwemoto yamandla ngo-2019 ingase ingakhulisi izidingo zokuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-lithium yamandla, okungafanelekile ukudela ukuphepha. Lokhu kuyinzuzo enkulu ye-Guoxuan Technology, ephikelela ekusebenziseni amabhethri e-lithium-ion iron phosphate. Sifuna futhi ukubheka. Ngaphandle koxhaso, ubani oqhudelana kakhulu?

ukuqashelwa kwemakethe

Eqinisweni, endaweni yokuncipha kwezibonelelo zezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukukhanga kwamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate sekugqame kakhulu. I-JAC iyikhasimende elikhulu kunawo wonke ezimotweni zabagibeli ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-Guoxuan. Ngokwesivumelwano sokubambisana esinamasu okufinyelelwe kuso phakathi kwalezi zinkampani ezimbili, ngaphezu kokuphela konyaka ka-2018, iGuoxuan High-tech izophinde ihlinzeke ngamasethi angu-3,500 we-iEVA50 lithium iron phosphate battery packs ku-JAC ngamaqoqo. Ngo-2019, iGuoxuan Hi-Tech iqinisekise ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwamabhethri angaphezu kwe-4GWh kumamodeli angu-7 e-JAC okuhlanganisa izimoto zabagibeli nezimoto zezentengiselwano, nenani eliphelele lokuphumayo elingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-4 zama-yuan, elicishe lilingane nengqikithi yonyaka. imali engenayo ye-Guoxuan Hi-Tech ngo-2017.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlingani kaGuoxuan uChery New Energy naye uhlela ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-lithium iron phosphate ezimotweni zabagibeli.

Umzamo emkhakheni wamabhethri e-lithium wamandla aphezulu wokuminyana

Eqinisweni, u-Guoxuan akahlosile ukubheja. Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri ye-Guoxuan High-tech ternary lithium kukhuphuke kwafinyelela ku-3GWh, futhi imikhiqizo yayo yamabhethri e-ternary engama-622 inamandla amakhulu angaphezu kuka-210Wh/kg futhi izolethwa ngoJuni 2018.

Ukwengeza, i-Guoxuan High-tech yenze iphrojekthi yobuchwepheshe obunamandla amakhulu we-300Wh/KG yoMnyango Wezesayensi Nobuchwepheshe. NgoJanuwari 10, isiteji sokusebenzisana nabatshalizimali benethiwekhi ye-panoramic, inkampani yathi inkampani isiqedile ukufakwa kwemishini yolayini we-1GWh we-soft-clad osekela ama-yuan 811 amathathu. .

Ngo-2021, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate azoletha uguquko

Kuzokwenzekani ngemuva kuka-2021? Lesi yisithiyo zonke izinkampani ezizungeze uchungechunge lwemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha. Esikhundleni sokuvinjelwa uxhaso, izinkampani zezimoto zingakha izimoto zamandla amasha ngokuphepha, izindleko, nolwazi lwabathengi.

Lokhu kuhle futhi kubathengi. Labo abathanda ukuphila okulula nempilo ende bangakhetha ibhethri ye-lithium ethambile ye-ternary. Labo abangenandaba nenani bangakhetha ibhethri ye-lithium ye-ternary hard-shell enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cobalt.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri e-lithium zamandla zingakwazi ukuncintisana ngokufanele, futhi abathengi bangakhetha imikhiqizo efanelekayo kubo. Uma ufuna ukuqhathanisa i-BYD ne-Tesla, awukwazi ukusiza kodwa uqhathanise ukuthi iyiphi enobuchwepheshe bebhethri obungcono. Ake sibheke izici zebhethri labo. I-BYD isebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion iron phosphate amaningi, anempilo yebhethri ende nokusebenza okungcono kokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, ukuminyana kwamandla kuphansi futhi izindleko zokushaja nokukhipha ziphezulu. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion iron phosphate adinga amabhethri engeziwe ebangeni elifanayo lokuhamba. Njengabaqwali bezintaba ababili, abasubathi be- iron phosphate, uma efuna ukufika esiqongweni sentaba, udinga ukudla okwengeziwe. Ngamanye amazwi, idinga ubhaka omkhulu ukuze ithwale isisindo esiningi.

BYD

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uTesla empeleni akanabo ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi nosizo lomshayeli. Othile wake wafingqa i-Tesla yokuqala ngokuthi: Imoto kagesi yeTesla = ibhethri lePanasonic + imoto yaseTaiwan) + eyakhe imishini yokulawula kagesi + i-Mazda chassis + igobolondo lakhe. Lokhu kumbukela phansi uTesla, kodwa akacabangi ukuthi kuyinto enkulu.