Kungekudala, izitokhwe zebhetri ziye zaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo eshushu kubatyalo-mali. Kwiveki yokugqibela kaJanuwari kuphela, iinkampani ezimbini zibhengeze ukudityaniswa ne-SPAC (iinkampani zokufumana iinjongo ezikhethekileyo, iinkampani zenjongo eyodwa) ukufezekisa injongo yoluhlu lwasemva. Nge-29 kaJanuwari, umenzi webhetri waseYurophu uFREYR wabhengeza ukuba uza kufuna uluhlu lwasemva oluxabisa i-1.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. IMicrovast yinkampani yokuqalisa esekwe eHouston ephethwe yiMicromacro Dynamics eHuzhou, eZhejiang. Inkampani ikwabhengeze izicwangciso zokuqhuba i-IPO yangasemva ngoFebruwari 1, ngexabiso elifikelela kwi-3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.

Nangona uqikelelo lulonke lwezi nkampani zimbini zizibhiliyoni ezi-4.4 zeedola zaseMelika, ingeniso yazo yonyaka ingaphezulu nje kancinci kwe-100 lezigidi zeedola zaseMelika (i-FREYR ayivelisi neebhetri). Ukuba imfuno yeebhetri ayikho kakhulu, ngoko ixabiso eliphezulu elinjalo liya kuba lingenangqiqo.

Izithuthi zombane ziyanda

Abenzi beemoto abamiselweyo abanjengoGeneral Motors kunye neFord bachithe iibhiliyoni zeedola ukutshintshela kwiimoto zombane. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iGeneral Motors yathi iya kuchitha i-27 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kuphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane kunye netekhnoloji yokuzenzekelayo kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.

Ford Motor 2021 ad: “Iimoto zombane ezitsha ezingama-30 ziya kusungulwa ngo-2025.”

Ngelo xesha, abaninzi abangenileyo abatsha balungiselela ukuqala imveliso yobuninzi okanye ukwandisa imveliso. Ngokomzekelo, uRivian, owaziwa njengenye ye “troikas” yeemoto ezintsha zaseMelika, uya kuhambisa iloli entsha yokuhambisa umbane kweli hlotyeni. IAmazon, ekhokele utyalo-mali lukaRivian, nayo yayalela amawaka eelori zokuhambisa umbane.

Norhulumente waseMelika naye uyanceda. Kwiveki ephelileyo, uBiden ubhengeze ukuba urhulumente wase-US uza kuthatha indawo yeemoto, iilori kunye neeSUVs kwinqanawa yomanyano kunye neemoto zombane ezenziwe e-US Ngaphezu kwe-640,000 yezithuthi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iGeneral Motors kunye neFord, kunye nezinye iinkampani zaseMelika ezingena kwintengiso, ezinje ngeRivian, Tesla…

Kwangaxeshanye, ii-megacities ezininzi ehlabathini zicwangcisa ezazo izicwangciso zokufakelwa kombane. Ngokwengxelo yophando eyenziwe yiRoyal Bank yaseKhanada, injongo yeShanghai kukuthenga iimoto zombane zesiqingatha sazo zonke iimoto ezintsha ngo-2025, kunye neebhasi ezikhupha i-zero, iiteksi, iiveni kunye nezithuthi zikarhulumente.

Ukuleqa igolide eTshayina

I-China yenye yeemarike ezinkulu zehlabathi zezithuthi zombane, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yayo ingaphezulu lee kunelizwe liphela.

O4YBAGAuJrmAT6rTAABi_EM5H4U475.jpg

Mhlawumbi esinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni i-Weihaohan ifumene inaliti enkulu kangaka yemali yinzuzo enkulu kwimarike yemoto yombane yaseTshayina. Baquka i-OshkoshCorp. IBlackRock liqela elidwelisiweyo lolawulo lotyalo-mali elinemali yemarike ye-US$867 yeebhiliyoni; iKoch Strategic Platform Company (iqonga lekochstrategic) kunye nenkampani yabucala yolawulo lwengxowa-mali ye-InterPrivate.

Ukuzithemba kwaba batyalo-mali abatsha kunokuvela kubatyalo-mali bembombo ye-Weibo-CDH Capital kunye ne-CITIC Securities. Zombini iinkampani ziyinkampani yabucala kunye neenkonzo zezemali ezinemithombo yaseTshayina.

Kungenxa yoko le nto inkampani igxile kwiimoto zorhwebo kunye nezoshishino. I-Microvast ikholelwa ukuba imarike yemoto yombane yokuthengisa ngokukhawuleza iya kufikelela kwi-30 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Okwangoku, ukuthengiswa kweemoto zombane zentengiso kwi-1.5% kuphela yemarike, kodwa inkampani ikholelwa ukuba ngo-2025, izinga lokungena kwayo liya kukhwela kwi-9%.

Umongameli weMicrovast uYang Wu uthe: “Ngo-2008, saqala ngetekhnoloji ephazamisayo yebhetri kwaye sanceda ukuguqula ibala leselula.” Le teknoloji yenza ukuba izithuthi zombane zikhuphisane neenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi. Ukusukela ngoko, siguqule izizukulwana ezithathu zobuchwepheshe bebhetri. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ukusebenza kwebhetri yethu bekungaphezulu lee kunezo sikhuphisana nazo, ukuhlangabezana ngempumelelo neemfuno ezingqongqo zabathengi bethu bezithuthi zentengiso kwiibhetri. “

Jonga imarike yaseYurophu

Ukuba abatyali-zimali baseTshayina bajonge ukwenza intywenka yemali kuluhlu lwe-Weiju, uthotho lwabatyali-zimali baseMelika kunye nesigebenga saseJapan silindele ngolangazelelo uluhlu lweFREYR. Northbridge Venture Partners (Northbridge Venture Partners), CRV, Itochu Corporation (Itochu Corp.), International Finance Corporation (International Finance Corp.). Zombini iinkampani ziya kuxhamla, nangona zingabatyali mali ngokuthe ngqo kwiFREYR.

Ezi nkampani zine zonke zinezabelo ze-24M, umphuhlisi wobuchwephesha obuqinileyo. I-FREYR isebenzisa iteknoloji yokuvelisa ibhetri egunyaziswe yi-24M, inkampani ekomkhulu eBoston.

Nangona kunjalo, uJiang Ming, waseTshayina waseMelika kunye nonjingalwazi othe gqolo waqalisa ishishini, uya kuxhamla kuluhlu lweFREYR. Wabhala imbali yophuhliso kunye nolutsha kwiinkalo zebhetri kunye nesayensi yezinto.

Kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo, lo njingalwazi we-MIT ebefunda itekhnoloji yophuhliso oluzinzileyo, okokuqala e-A123, inkampani yebhetri ye-lithium eyakha yaqaqamba, yaza yalandela inkampani yoshicilelo ye-3D DesktopMetal, kunye nenkampani yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe bebhetri ye-lithium 24M. , FormEnergy, inkampani yoyilo lwenkqubo yokugcina amandla, kunye ne-BaseloadRenewables, enye isiqalo sokugcina amandla.

Kunyaka ophelileyo, iDesktopMetal yaya kuluntu ngeSPAC. Ngoku, ngokungena kwemali kwi-24M’s European partner FREYR, amandla e-24M asafuna ukuphuhliswa.

I-FREYR, inkampani yaseNorway, iceba ukwakha izityalo ezintlanu zebhetri kweli lizwe kwaye ibonelele nge-430 GW yomthamo ococekileyo webhetri kwiminyaka emine ezayo.

KuTom Jensen, umongameli weFREYR, itekhnoloji ye-24m ineenzuzo ezimbini eziphambili. “Enye yinkqubo yemveliso ngokwayo,” utshilo uJensen. Inkqubo ye-24M kukuxuba i-electrolyte kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo ukunyusa ubukhulu be-electrolyte kunye nokunciphisa izinto ezingasebenziyo kwibhetri. “Enye into kukuba xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri zelithium zesintu, unokunciphisa amanyathelo okwenziwa kwemveli ukusuka kwi-15 ukuya kwisi-5.”

Ukudityaniswa komgangatho ophezulu wemveliso kunye nokwanda komthamo webhetri kuzise enye inkqubo ephambukayo yenkqubo yabavelisi bebhetri ye-lithium.

Inkampani idinga i-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuze ifezekise isicwangciso sayo, kodwa i-wave yemoto yombane inokunceda i-FREYR, uJensen uthe. Le nkampani ilungiselela ukudibana ne-Alussa Energy ngendlela ye-SPAC, exhaswa ngamacandelo olawulo kunye nophando eKoch, Glencore kunye neFidelity.

Gqiba

NgoDisemba ka-2020, iRoyal Bank yaseCanada yakhupha ingxelo yophando kwishishini lezithuthi zombane. Ingxelo yathi ngo-2020, silindele ukuba iimoto zombane ezicocekileyo ziphendule kwi-3% yemarike, kunye neenqwelo ze-plug-in hybrid ukuba ziphendule kwi-1.3%. La manani akabonakali emaninzi, kodwa siya kuwabona ekhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ngo-2025, ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wesithuthi sombane ugcinwa kakuhle, izinga lokungena kwihlabathi leemoto zombane ezicocekileyo liya kufikelela kwi-11% (izinga lokukhula ngonyaka: i-40%), kwaye izinga lokungena kwehlabathi kwi-plug-in hybrid vehicles liya kufikelela kwi-5% ( Izinga lokukhula konyaka elihlanganisiweyo) Ireyithi: 35%).

Ngo-2025, izinga lokungena kwezithuthi zombane eNtshona Yurophu liya kufikelela kwi-20%, i-17.5% e-China kunye ne-7% e-United States. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, isantya sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiweyo kwizitimela zedizili zesiqhelo sisi-2% kuphela; Ngokusekwe kwisithuthi esinye, inani leenjini zedizili liya kufikelela kwincopho yalo ngo-2024.