Muva nje, izitoko zebhethri seziphenduke into eshisayo kubatshalizimali. Esontweni lokugcina likaJanuwari kuphela, izinkampani ezimbili zimemezele ukuhlanganiswa ne-SPAC (izinkampani ezitholwa yizinjongo ezikhethekile, izinkampani zezinjongo ezikhethekile) ukuze kufezwe injongo yokufakwa kuhlu kwasendlini. NgoJanuwari 29, umkhiqizi wamabhethri wase-Europe u-FREYR umemezele ukuthi uzofuna ukufakwa kuhlu kwe-backdoor ebiza u-US$1.4 billion. I-Microvast yinkampani yokuqala ese-Houston ephethwe yi-Micromacro Dynamics e-Huzhou, e-Zhejiang. Le nkampani iphinde yamemezela nezinhlelo zokwenza i-IPO engemuva ngoFebhuwari 1, ngenani elifinyelela ku-$3 billion.

Nakuba inani eliphelele lalezi zinkampani ezimbili lingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.4, imali engenayo yonyaka ingaphezudlwana kwezigidi ezingu-100 zamadola aseMelika (i-FREYR ayikhiqizi ngisho namabhethri). Uma isidingo samabhethri singesikhulu kangako, ukulinganisa okuphezulu okunjalo kungaba okungenangqondo.

Izimoto zikagesi ziyanda

Izinkampani ezisunguliwe ezifana neGeneral Motors neFord zisebenzise izigidigidi zamarandi ukushintshela ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi. Ngonyaka odlule, iGeneral Motors yathi izosebenzisa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-27 ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalelayo eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.

Isikhangiso seFord Motor 2021: “Izimoto zikagesi ezintsha ezingama-30 zizokwethulwa ngo-2025.”

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaningi abasha abangenayo balungiselela ukuqala ukukhiqiza ngobuningi noma ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa. Isibonelo, u-Rivian, owaziwa njengenye ye “troikas” yezimoto ezintsha zaseMelika, uzoletha iloli elisha lokulethwa kukagesi kuleli hlobo. I-Amazon, eyahola utshalomali lukaRivian, yaphinde ya-oda izinkulungwane zamaloli okulethwa kukagesi.

Ngisho nohulumeni wase-US uyasiza. Ngesonto eledlule, uBiden umemezele ukuthi uhulumeni wase-US uzoshintsha izimoto, amaloli kanye nama-SUV emkhunjini wombuso ngezimoto zikagesi ezenziwe e-US Izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-640,000. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iGeneral Motors neFord, kanye nezinye izinkampani zaseMelika ezingena emakethe, njengeRivian, Tesla…

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-megacities amaningi emhlabeni ahlela izinhlelo zawo zokufaka ugesi. Ngokombiko wocwaningo weRoyal Bank yaseCanada, inhloso yeShanghai ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi zengxenye yazo zonke izimoto ezintsha ngo-2025, kanye namabhasi akhipha i-zero, amatekisi, amaveni nezimoto zikahulumeni.

Igolide laseShayina

I-China ingenye yezimakethe ezinkulu zezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni, futhi izinqubomgomo zayo zihamba phambili kakhulu kunawo wonke umhlaba.

O4YBAGAuJrmAT6rTAABi_EM5H4U475.jpg

Mhlawumbe esinye sezizathu esenze ukuthi i-Weihaohan ithole umjovo wemali enkulu kangaka amandla ayo amakhulu enzuzo emakethe yezimoto zikagesi zaseChina. Lezi zihlanganisa i-OshkoshCorp. IBlackRock iyiqembu elisohlwini lokuphatha ukutshalwa kwezimali elinemali yemakethe yama-US$867 billion; i-Koch Strategic Platform Company (inkundla ye-kochstrategic) kanye nenkampani ezimele yokuphatha isikhwama semali ye-InterPrivate.

Ukuzethemba kwalaba batshalizimali abasha kungase kuvele kubatshalizimali abayisisekelo be-Weibo-CDH Capital kanye ne-CITIC Securities. Zombili izinkampani zingamabhizinisi azimele kanye nezinsizakalo zezezimali ezinezinsiza zaseShayina.

Yingakho inkampani igxile ezimotweni zezentengiselwano nezimboni. I-Microvast ikholelwa ukuthi imakethe yezimoto zikagesi izofinyelela ku-$ 30 billion. Njengamanje, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi zezentengiselwano zenza i-1.5% kuphela yemakethe, kodwa inkampani ikholelwa ukuthi ngo-2025, izinga layo lokungena lizokhuphukela ku-9%.

UMongameli weMicrovast u-Yang Wu uthe: “Ngo-2008, saqala ngobuchwepheshe bebhethri obuphazamisayo futhi sasiza ekuguquleni inkundla yeselula.” Lobu buchwepheshe benza izimoto zikagesi zikwazi ukuncintisana nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi. Kusukela lapho, siguqule izizukulwane ezintathu zobuchwepheshe bebhethri. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukusebenza kwebhethri lethu bekuphakeme kakhulu kunesiqhudelana nabo, kuhlangatshezwana ngempumelelo nezimfuneko eziqinile zamakhasimende ethu ezimoto zentengiso zamabhethri. “

Hlola imakethe yaseYurophu

Uma abatshalizimali baseShayina behlose ukwenza ingcebo ohlwini lwe-Weiju, uchungechunge lwabatshalizimali baseMelika kanye nesikhondlakhondla saseJapan balindele ngokulangazela ukufakwa kuhlu kwe-FREYR. Northbridge Venture Partners (Northbridge Venture Partners), CRV, Itochu Corporation (Itochu Corp.), International Finance Corporation (International Finance Corp.). Zombili izinkampani zizohlomula, nakuba zingabatshali zimali abaqondile ku-FREYR.

Lezi zinkampani ezine zonke zingabanikazi bamasheya be-24M, umthuthukisi wobuchwepheshe obuqinile. I-FREYR isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amabhethri obugunyazwe i-24M, inkampani ekomkhulu e-Boston.

Kodwa-ke, u-Jiang Ming, ongumShayina waseMelika kanye noprofesa oseqale ibhizinisi ngokuqhubekayo, uzohlomula futhi ohlwini lwe-FREYR. Wabhala umlando wentuthuko kanye nokusha emkhakheni webhethri kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha.

Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, lo profesa we-MIT ubefunda ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthuka okusimeme, okokuqala kwa-A123, inkampani eyake yahlakanipha yebhethri ye-lithium, kwase kulandela inkampani yokuphrinta ye-3D i-DesktopMetal, kanye nenkampani yokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium engu-24M. , I-FormEnergy, inkampani yokuklama isistimu yokugcina amandla, kanye ne-BaseloadRenewables, enye isiqalo sokugcina amandla.

Ngonyaka odlule, i-DesktopMetal yaphumela obala nge-SPAC. Manje, ngokungena kwezimali ku-24M’s European uzakwethu i-FREYR, amandla e-24M asazothuthukiswa.

I-FREYR, inkampani yaseNorway, ihlela ukwakha izimboni zamabhethri ezinhlanu ezweni futhi inikeze i-430 GW yomthamo webhethri ahlanzekile eminyakeni emine ezayo.

KuTom Jensen, umongameli we-FREYR, ubuchwepheshe be-24m bunezinzuzo ezimbili ezibalulekile. “Enye inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokwayo,” kusho uJensen. Inqubo engu-24M iwukuxuba i-electrolyte nezinto ezisebenzayo ukuze kwandiswe ukujiya kwe-electrolyte nokunciphisa izinto ezingasebenzi ebhethrini. “Enye into ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium endabuko, unganciphisa izinyathelo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile zisuka ku-15 ziye ku-5.”

Inhlanganisela yokusebenza kahle kangaka kokukhiqiza kanye nokwanda komthamo webhethri kulethe okunye ukuthuthukiswa okuphazamisayo kwenqubo yabakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium.

Le nkampani idinga amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5 ukuze ifeze ngokugcwele uhlelo lwayo, kodwa igagasi lezimoto zikagesi lingase lisize iFREYR, kusho uJensen. Le nkampani ilungiselela ukuhlangana ne-Alussa Energy ngendlela ye-SPAC, esekelwa iminyango yokuphatha nokucwaninga yase-Koch, Glencore kanye ne-Fidelity.

Qeda

NgoDisemba 2020, iRoyal Bank yaseCanada yakhipha umbiko wocwaningo embonini yezimoto zikagesi. Umbiko uthe ngo-2020, silindele ukuthi izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezingashintshiwe zibe ngu-3% wemakethe, bese kuthi izimoto ezixhunywayo zibe ngu-1.3%. Lezi zinombolo azibonakali ziziningi, kodwa sizozibona zikhula ngokushesha.

Ngo-2025, uma inqubomgomo yezimoto zikagesi igcinwa kahle, izinga lokungena emhlabeni wonke lezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile lizofinyelela ku-11% (isilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esiyinhlanganisela: 40%), futhi izinga lokungena emhlabeni wonke lezimoto ezihlanganisiwe ezixhunywe kuzo zizofinyelela ku-5% ( isilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe) Isilinganiso: 35%).

Ngo-2025, izinga lokungena kwezimoto zikagesi eNtshonalanga Yurophu lizofinyelela ku-20%, 17.5% eChina kanye no-7% e-United States. Ngokuphambene, izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lezitimela zendabuko zikadizili lingama-2% kuphela; ngokususelwa emotweni eyodwa, isibalo sezitimela zikadizili sizofinyelela umvuthwandaba ngo-2024.