In recent years, the rapid development of new energy vehicles has gradually become a new sales force in the market. But at the same time, the issue of whether electric vehicles are environmentally friendly is also controversial.

The most controversial one is the battery used in electric vehicles. Because it contains heavy metals, electrolytes and other chemical substances, once improperly handled, it will cause huge pollution to the environment.

Therefore, many manufacturers and third-party organizations are actively promoting the recycling of power batteries. Recently, Volkswagen Group, the world’s largest automobile company, officially announced the launch of a power battery recycling program.

Sida ku cad qorshaha kooxda Volkswagen, qorshaha bilowga ah waa in dib loo warshadeeyo 3,600 oo hab batari sanad walba, taasoo u dhiganta 1,500 oo tan. Mustaqbalka, iyada oo si joogto ah loo wanaajinayo habka maaraynta dib u warshadaynta, warshadda waa la balaadhin doonaa si ay ula tacaasho baahida weyn ee dib u warshadaynta batteriga.

Unlike other battery recycling facilities, Volkswagen recycles old batteries that can no longer be used. The recycling process does not use high-energy blast furnace smelting, but uses methods such as deep discharge, disassembly, pulverization of battery components into particles, and dry screening to make new cathode materials from the core components of old batteries.

Iyada oo ay saameeyaan siyaasadaha iyo xeerarka, shirkadaha baabuurta ee adduunka ugu waaweyn ayaa hadda si firfircoon u dhiirrigelinaya dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada korontada. Waxaa ka mid ah, waxaa jira labada Changan iyo BYD ee magacyadooda; Waxa kale oo jira noocyo ganacsi oo wadajir ah sida BMW, Mercedes-Benz, iyo GM.

BYD waa walaal weyn oo si fiican ugu qalma dhinaca tamarta cusub, waxayna leedahay qaab hore oo dib u warshadaynta baytariyada korontada. Bishii Janaayo 2018, BYD waxay la gaartay iskaashi istiraatijiyadeed oo ay la leedahay China Tower Co., Ltd., oo ah shirkad weyn oo dib u warshadaynta baytariyada korontada.

Beck New Energy iyo Ningde Times iyo GEM Co., Ltd., kuwaas oo ku hawlan dib u warshadaynta baytariyada korontada, waxay leeyihiin iskaashi istiraatiiji ah oo ku saabsan dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada korontada; SEG, Geely iyo Ningde Times waxa ay geeyeen ganacsi dib u warshadaynta batteriga.

Marka lagu daro summadaha gaarka ah, noocyada ganacsiga sida BMW, Mercedes-Benz, General Motors iyo shirkadaha kale ee baabuurta ajnabiga ah ayaa sidoo kale kor u qaadaya inay la shaqeeyaan hay’adaha dhinac saddexaad si ay ugu lug yeeshaan dib-u-warshadaynta baytariyada korontada. BMW iyo Bosch; Mercedes-Benz iyo shirkadda dib u warshadaynta batteriga si ay u fuliso mashruuca Luneng, iyada oo la adeegsanayo baytariyada hawlgabka ah si loo dhiso nidaamyada kaydinta tamarta sawir-qaadista ee ballaaran.

Nissan, oo ka mid ah saddexda nooc ee waaweyn ee Japan, ayaa dooratay in ay samayso shirkad wadaag ah 4REnergy oo ay la leedahay Sumitomo Corporation si ay u dhisto warshad ku takhasustay dib-u-isticmaalka iyo dib-u-habaynta baabuurta korontada. Baytariyada dib loo warshadeeyay ee aan dib loo isticmaali karin waxa loo isticmaali karaa sidii qalabka kaydinta tamarta ee guryaha ganacsiga.

First of all, we need to understand what recycling is. Recycling actually refers to the multi-level rational use of waste power lithium batteries for new energy vehicles, including cascade utilization and resource regeneration.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baytariyada korontada ee suuqa ku jira waxay u badan yihiin laba nooc oo kala ah: lithium iron phosphate iyo manganese phosphate, qaybahooda ugu muhiimsanna waxaa ku jira biraha culus sida lithium, cobalt, nikkel, iyo manganese. Waxaa ka mid ah, cobalt iyo nikkel waxay ka tirsan yihiin kheyraadka macdanta dhifka ah ee Shiinaha ee heerka “Sturgeon Shiinaha” waana kuwo aad qaali u ah.

There are also differences between domestic and foreign countries in the way of recycling heavy metals from used batteries. The EU mainly uses pyrolysis-wet purification, crushing-pyrolysis-distillation-pyrometallurgy and other processes to extract useful metals, while domestic recycling companies usually use pyrolysis-mechanical dismantling, physical separation, and hydrometallurgical processes to treat waste batteries.

Marka labaad, iyadoo la tixgelinayo saamiga adag ee baytariyada awoodda, noocyada kala duwan ee baytariyadu waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo soo kabashada. Noocyada kala duwan ee baytariyadu sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin habab dib u warshadayn oo kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, soo kabashada cobalt iyo nikkel ee habka dabka ayaa ka fiican, halka ka soo kabashada birta ee batteriga fosfateed ee lithium ee habka qoyan ay ka fiican tahay.

Dhanka kale, inkasta oo baytariyada la isticmaalay dib loo warshadayn karo, faa’iidooyinka dhaqaale maaha mid sarreeya. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta, qiimaha dib-u-warshadaynta hadda ee 1 tan oo baytariyada birta ah ee lithium waxay ku dhowdahay 8,500 yuan, laakiin ka dib markii birta baytariyada la isticmaalo la sifeeyo, qiimaha suuqu waa 9,000-10,000 yuan oo keliya, faa’iidadana aad bay u yar tahay.

Dhanka batariyada ternary lithium, in kasta oo waxtarka dib-u-warshadaynta ay noqon doonto mid aad u sareysa, sababtoo ah kobaltku waa sun, iyo hawlgalka aan habooneyn waxay u badan tahay inuu keeno wasakh labaad ama xitaa qarax, markaa shuruudaha qalabka iyo shaqaaluhu waa mid aad u sarreeya, kharashkuna waa mid yar. weyn, laakiin waa dhaqaale. Faa’iidada weli waa mid yar.

However, the actual capacity loss of used batteries is rarely higher than 70%, so these batteries are often used in series, such as low-end electric vehicles, power tools, wind power storage devices, etc., to realize the reuse of used batteries.

In kasta oo batarigu aanu u baahnayn in si buuxda loo kala saaro inta lagu jiro isticmaalka cascading, sababtoo ah unugyada batteriga ee aan sinnayn (sida Tesla NCA), weli waxaa jira dhibaatooyin badan oo ku saabsan codsiyada la taaban karo, sida sida loo isku daro qaybaha baytariyada kala duwan. Sida saxda ah ee loogu saadaaliyo nolosha batteriga iyada oo loo marayo tilmaamayaasha sida SOC.

The other is the issue of economic benefits. The cost of power batteries is generally relatively high. Therefore, if it is used in energy storage, lighting and other fields in later use, it will be a little unqualified, and sometimes even if it is not worth the loss, the cost may be higher.

gabagabadii

Marka la eego arrinta ilaalinta deegaanka ee baabuurta korontada, waxaan u maleynayaa inay aad goor hore tahay in la yiraahdo baabuurta korontadu waa ka nadiif. Ka dib oo dhan, baabuurta korontadu run ahaantii ma noqon karaan kuwo wasakh la’aan ah. Nolosha shelf ee baytariyada korontada ayaa ah caddaynta ugu fiican.

Hase yeeshee, markii uu sidaas yidhi, soo ifbaxa baabuurta korontadu waxay runtii door wanaagsan ka ciyaartay yaraynta saamaynta wasakhowga baabuurta ee deegaanka, iyo horumarinta dib-u-warshadaynta baytariga qashinka waxay soo dedejisay xaqiijinta ilaalinta deegaanka iyo faa’iidooyinka badbaadinta tamarta ee baabuurta korontada. .