Had iyo jeer weriye interneedka Zhang Xiangwei Mar kasta weriye Luo Yifan Mar kasta tafatire Yang Yi

“Tiknoolajiyada qaybta udub-dhexaadka u ah baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen waxay hadda ku jiraan gacmaha shirkado shisheeye, laakiin tani maaha arrin muhiim ah. Ilaa inta wax-soo-saarku soo baxayo, waa la xallin karaa.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, arrinta ugu muhiimsan ee horumarinta baabuurta shidaalka hydrogen waa saldhigyada shidaalka hydrogen. Baabuur waa la samayn karaa, laakiin halkee ayay aadaan si ay shidaal ugu shubaan marka la sameeyo? “Cilmi-baare ka socda shirkad baabuur ayaa dhawaan ka hadlay baabuurta shidaalka hydrogen-ka wuxuuna weydiiyay wariyaha” News Business Daily “Su’aashan.

Ilaa hadda, marka laga reebo SAIC Maxus, Beiqi Foton, iwm oo maalgashaday baabuurta lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya hydrogen, inta badan shirkadaha baabuurta ayaa weli diiradda saaraya horumarinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ee baabuurta saafiga ah, mana beddeli doonaan tan. jihada waqti gaaban gudaheed. .

Marka loo eego xogta ay soo saartay Ururka Warshadaha Baabuurta ee dalkayga, qeybtii hore ee 2018, wax soo saarka iyo iibinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ee dalkaygu waxay ahaayeen 413,000 iyo 412,000, siday u kala horreeyaan, 94.9% iyo 111.5% isla muddadaas sannadkii hore . Waxaa ka mid ah, koronto saafi ah iyo isku-dhafka isku-dhafka ah ayaa ah xoogga ugu weyn ee kor u kaca.

Marka loo eego tirakoobka Professor Wang Hewu oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Tsinghua, hadda, tirada isku-darka ah ee baabuurta baytariyada lithium-ka ee shidaalka hydrogen-ka ee ka shaqeeya waddankeyga waa 1,000, iyada oo 12 tas-hiilaad shidaal ah oo hydrogen ah ay shaqeynayaan iyo ku dhawaad ​​​​10 tas-hiilaad shidaal oo hydrogen ah oo la dhisayo. Tani waxay si weyn uga duwan tahay xaaladda kobaca ee suuqa baabuurta korontada ee saafiga ah.

Dhab ahaantii, marka la eego cabbirka caalamiga ah, baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka hydrogen ma aysan keenin koror qarxa. Marka loo eego “2018 Global Hydrogen Fuel-powered Lithium Battery Vehicle Market” warbixin ay soo saartay shirkadda cilmi baarista suuqa ee InformationTrends, laga soo bilaabo ganacsiyeynta baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya hydrogen ee 2013 ilaa dhamaadka 2017, wadar ahaan 6,475 shidaalka hydrogen- Baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ayaa lagu iibiyay adduunka oo dhan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa xusid mudan in shirkadaha baabuurta caalamiga ah sida Hyundai, Toyota iyo Mercedes-Benz ay dhamaantood ajandaha ka dhigeen horumarinta baabuurta lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya. Beijing, Zhengzhou iyo Shanghai ayaa sidoo kale soo bandhigay siyaasado kabid maxalli ah oo loogu talagalay baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen. Sida mid ka mid ah xalalka tamarta nadiifka ah, baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya hydrogen, kuwaas oo aan hore u helin horumar ganacsi, miyay ka faa’iidaysan karaan xawaaraha? Goobta safarka ee mustaqbalka, doorkee ayay ka ciyaari doonaan baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee shidaalka hydrogen ku shaqeeya iyo baabuurta korantada saafiga ah ee suuqa ka ciyaari doona? Warshaduhu waxay si aad ah iyo aad u badan diiradda u saarayaan baabuurta shidaalka hydrogen.

Hormarintii suuqa ma horta ma dhistaa xarun shidaal Haydaroojin?

Muddo dheer, horumarinta baabuurta lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya hydrogen waxaa xaddiday laba dhibaato oo waaweyn: horumarinta gaabis ah ee tiknoolajiyada qaybta asaasiga ah iyo dib-u-dhaca dhismaha kaabayaasha ee saldhigyada shidaalka hydrogen.

Qaybaha udub-dhexaadka u ah baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen waxaa ka mid ah qalabka korontada ku shaqeeya ee baytariyada lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya, xuubabka is-weydaarsiga proton, iyo warqada kaarboon. Dhawaan, Wan Gang, oo ah guddoomiye ku xigeenka guddiga qaran ee shirweynaha wadatashiga siyaasadeed ee dadka Shiinaha, ayaa sheegay in silsiladda warshadaha ee hadda jirta ee baabuurta lithium ee ku shaqeysa shidaalka hydrogen ay aad u liidato, awoodeeda injineernimadana aysan ku filneyn.

Zhang Yongming, oo ah borofisar caan ah oo wax ka dhiga Jaamacadda Shanghai Jiaotong, ayaa sidoo kale aaminsan in dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee baytariyada lithium-ka ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka ay tahay inaysan si fiican u qaban qaybahooda. “Xubabka is-weydaarsiga proton-ka, nidaamka mustaqbalka iyo mashiinka batteriga lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya ayaa la heli doonaa.”

Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in kooxda uu hoggaamiyo Professor Zhang Yongming ay hadda diiradda saarayaan kaydka batariyada lithium ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka ee ka kooban xuubka is-weydaarsiga proton-ka.

“Shaqada proton xuubka waxay soo bilaabatay 2003, waxaana hadda laga joogaa 15 sano, waxaana loo qabtay si nidaamsan. Alaabtani waxay ka gudubtay qiimaynta Mercedes-Benz, iyo xuubka proton-ka ee barfuun leh ayaa ah heerka heerka koowaad ee aduunka. Waxaan hadda haysanaa 5 10,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran oo khad wax soo saar ah. Dabcan, tignoolajiyada xuubka proton ee caalamiga ah sidoo kale si joogto ah ayay u soo hagaagaysaa, waa inaan ku dadaalnaa sidii aan horay ugu sii socon lahayn. ” Zhang Yongming ayaa u sheegay wariyaha “Wararka Ganacsiga Maalinlaha ah” dhawaan.

La’aanta kaabayaal dhaqaale ee saldhigyada shidaalka hydrogen ayaa walaac ku noqday qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha baabuurta. Rong Hui, oo ah ku xigeenka madaxa Machadka Cilmi-baarista Tiknoolajiyada Cusub ee Kooxda BAIC, ayaa u sheegay weriyaha “Wararka Dhaqaalaha Maalinlaha ah”, “Hadda ma hayno qorshe ballaarin oo loogu talagalay kooxda farsamada baabuurta ee baytariyada lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya. Isticmaalayaashu kuma dari karaan hydrogen baabuurka. Haddii ay jirto xarun shidaal Haydaroojin, waxaanu isla markiiba samayn karnaa baabuur lithium ah oo shidaalka ku shaqeeya.

Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in hadda, kooxda BAIC iyo BAIC Foton ay haystaan ​​​​guud ahaan ku dhawaad ​​​​50 kooxaha R&D baytariyada lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya. Waxay inta badan mas’uul ka yihiin shaqada is-barbardhigga baabuurka, taas oo ah, nidaamka baytariga lithium ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka hydrogen wuxuu la mid yahay gaariga.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Benoit Potier, Guddoomiyaha iyo madaxa shirkadda Air Liquide Group iyo la-guddoomiyaha Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Tamarta Hydrogen, ayaa muujiyay suurtagalnimada kale, “Ma jiraan kaabayaal ku filan, oo ma jiraan saldhigyo ku filan haydaroojin. Waa lagama maarmaan in marka hore la fuliyo kaabayaasha. Ma inaan ka bilowno horumarka suuqa? Waxaan aaminsanahay in maraakiibta qaar la tijaabiyo, gaar ahaan tagaasida, ama baabuurta waaweyn qaarkood.”

“Kaalmaha shidaalka ee hydrogen-ka ayaa aad muhiim u ah. Arintan lama sugi karo. La’aanteed saldhigyada shidaalka hydrogen, lama faafin karo. Waa in si degdeg ah loo sameeyaa. Heerka qaranku waa inuu abaabulaa isbeddelkan weyn ee warshadaha. Magaalooyinka iyo gobolada qaarkood ayaa durba bilaabay inay tan sameeyaan. Marka laga eego dhinaca Wasaaradda Sayniska iyo Tignoolajiyada, dhinaca gaadiidka iyo tamarta, tamarta hydrogen waxaa loo qaatay sidii horumar, taageero iyo jihayn horumarsan.” Zhang Yongming ayaa u sheegay wariyaha “Wararka Dhaqaalaha Maalinlaha ah”.

Mustaqbalku wuxuu la tartamayaa baabuurta korontada saafiga ah

Waddankayga, baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka hydrogen waxa inta badan loo adeegsadaa baabuurta ganacsiga, baabuurta rakaabka ah ayaan wali si weyn loo isticmaalin. Mustaqbalka, qaab noocee ah ayaa samayn doona baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen iyo baabuurta korantada saafiga ah? Zhang Yongming wuxuu aaminsan yahay in baabuurta saafiga ah ee korontada ku shaqeysa iyo gawaarida lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen ay yeelan doonaan qaybo suuq ah mustaqbalka. Tusaale ahaan, iyada oo la raacayo qaabka buuxinta shuruudaha dallacaadda, waxay noqon doontaa mid ku habboon baabuur koronto oo saafi ah inuu ku jiro baabuur yar oo 10 kilowatts ah.

“Qiimaha gaadhiga baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen shidaalku waa inuu ka hooseeyaa bateriga lithium-ion mustaqbalka, sababtoo ah ma jiraan wax badan oo ku jira baytariga lithium ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya. Intaa waxaa dheer, marka la eego kharashka hawlgalka, wuxuu noqon doonaa mid ka jaban saddex-meelood meel saddex meelood meel gaadhiga shidaalka. Hal heer. Shanta sano ee soo socota, gawaarida lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya ee wadankeygu waxay noqon doonaan safka hore ee aduunka, xawliguna wuxuu noqon doonaa mid aad u adag. Ilaa inta siyaasadaha qaranka iyo dadaallada dhiirrigelinta ay sii wadi karaan, waxay noqon doontaa halyeeyga labaad ee xawaaraha sare ee tareenka. Zhang Yongming ayaa yidhi.

Xu Haidong, oo ah kaaliyaha xoghayaha guud ee dalkayga Ururka Soo-saareyaasha Gawaadhida, waxa uu aaminsan yahay in “waxyaabaha farsamada ee baabuurta lithium-ka ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka hydrogen ay ka sarreeyaan kuwa korontada ku shaqeeya. Marka la sameeyo gawaarida xawaaraha yar ee korontadu, ma jiraan wax badan oo farsamo ah, qof walbana wuu ku degdegayaa. Laakin baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee ku shaqeeya shidaalka hydrogen Warshadayntu sidaas uma fududa. Siyaasadaha iyo lacagaha qaranku waa in ay taageeraan R&D oo ay diiradda saaraan sidii loo gaari lahaa horumarka tignoolajiyada ee qaybaha asaasiga ah, taas oo ka hortagi karta khataraha waaweyn ee warshadaha iyo farsamada farsamada asaasiga ah.”

Xu Haidong ayaa sidoo kale soo jeediyay in tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah ee baabuurta lithium-ka ee shidaalka ku shaqeeya ee hydrogen lagu wareejin karo hay’adaha cilmi-baarista iyo shirkadaha baabuurta si ay u xayeysiiyaan isku mar. Waxa kale oo aanu leenahay shirkado dawladdu leedahay. Waanu wada shaqayn karnaa, kala qaybin karnaa hawlaha qaar, waxaanu samayn karnaa cilmi-baadhisyo u dhigma, taas oo u fiicnaan doonta horumarinta warshadaha oo dhan. Marka laga hadlayo ganacsi-ganacsiga xarumaha shidaalka hydrogen-ka iyo kaydinta hydrogen, warshaduhu waxay wax ka baran karaan baabuurta korontada. Habka ‘100ka magaalo, kumanaan baabuur’ waa in la isku koobo qaabka meel gaar ah. Intaa waxa dheer, waxa kale oo suurtogal ah in la tixgeliyo in la habeeyo saldhigyada haydaroojin ee dariiqa saadka, kaas oo ku habboon isticmaalka baabuurta saadka.”

“Qaybkii labaad ee sanadkan, Guddiga Qaran ee Shirka Wadatashiga Siyaasadda Dadka Shiinaha ayaa qaban doona dood-cilmiyeed laba toddobaadle ah oo lagu horumarinayo horumarinta caafimaadka leh ee baabuurta tamarta cusub. Bisha Luulyo, waxaan qabanqaabin doonaa cilmi-baaris la xiriirta.” Hirgelinta baabuurta baytariyada lithium ee qorshayaal taxane ah sida hal-abuurnimada tignoolajiyada, horumarinta warshadaha, iyo kacaanka tamarta waa in si cilmiyeysan loo qiimeeyaa si loo caddeeyo dariiqa horumarka iyo jihaynta si kor loogu qaado horumarka caafimaadka leh ee baabuurta baytariyada lithium ku shaqeeya.