Ngaso sonke isikhathi intatheli ye-intern uZhang Xiangwei Njalo uma intatheli uLuo Yifan Njalo umhleli u-Yang Yi

“Ubuchwepheshe bengxenye eyinhloko yezimoto zebhethri ze-hydrogen fuel-powered lithium okwamanje zisezandleni zezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, kodwa lokhu akuyona indaba ebalulekile. Uma nje okukhiphayo kuvela, kungaxazululwa.

Njengamanje, inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto zikaphethiloli we-hydrogen iziteshi zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen. Izimoto zingenziwa, kodwa ziyofaka kuphi uphethiloli ngemva kokwakhiwa? “Umcwaningi ovela enkampanini yezimoto usanda kukhuluma ngezimoto zikaphethiloli ze-hydrogen futhi wabuza intatheli ye “Daily Business News” lo mbuzo.

Kuze kube manje, ngaphandle kwe-SAIC Maxus, i-Beiqi Foton, njll. abaye batshala izimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla e-hydrogen, izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zisagxile ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto zamandla amasha ezimotweni zikagesi ezihlanzekile, futhi ngeke zikuguqule lokhu. isiqondiso ngesikhathi esifushane. .

Ngokusho kwedatha ekhishwe yi-Association of Automobile Manufacturers yezwe lami, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2018, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ezweni lami kwakungama-413,000 kanye nama-412,000, ngokulandelana, akhuphuke ngo-94.9% no-111.5% ngesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. . Phakathi kwazo, i-hybrid ehlanzekile kagesi kanye ne-plug-in ingamandla amakhulu akhuphukayo.

Ngokusho kwezibalo zikaProfesa Wang Hewu waseTsinghua University, okwamanje, inani elihlanganisiwe lezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen ezisebenza ezweni lami zingaba ngu-1,000, nezindawo ze-12 ze-hydrogen refueling ezisebenzayo kanye nezindawo ezicishe zibe yi-10 zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen ezisakhiwayo. Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu esimweni esikhulayo emakethe yezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi.

Eqinisweni, emhlabeni wonke, izimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla e-hydrogen azizange zilethe ukuqhuma okukhulu. Ngokombiko we- “2018 Global Hydrogen Fuel-powered Lithium Battery Vehicle Market” umbiko okhishwe yinkampani yocwaningo lwemakethe i-InformationTrends, kusukela ekuthengisweni kwezimoto ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen fuel powered lithium ngo-2013 kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2017, isamba esingu-6,475 hydrogen fuel- izimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla zithengiswa emhlabeni jikelele.

Nokho, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinkampani zezimoto zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana Hyundai, Toyota kanye Mercedes-Benz zonke ubeke ukuthuthukiswa hydrogen fuel-powered lithium battery izimoto ku-ajenda. I-Beijing, i-Zhengzhou ne-Shanghai iphinde yethula izinqubomgomo zoxhaso lwasendaweni zezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen. Njengesinye sezixazululo zokuhlanza amandla, ingabe izimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen fuel, ezingakaze zibe nempumelelo kwezohwebo ngaphambili, zingasebenzisa leli thuba? Emkhakheni wokuvakasha wesikhathi esizayo, yiyiphi indima ezodlalwa yizimoto zebhethri ye-lithium esebenza nge-hydrogen nezimoto zikagesi ezimsulwa emakethe? Imboni izinaka kakhulu izimoto zamafutha e-hydrogen.

Ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe kuqala noma ukwakha isiteshi sokugcwalisa i-hydrogen kuqala?

Sekuyisikhathi eside, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen fuel powered lithium battery kuye kwanqunywa izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu: ukuthuthukiswa kancane kobuchwepheshe bengxenye ewumgogodla kanye nokusilela ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda yeziteshi ze-hydrogen refueling.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko zezimoto zebhethri ze-hydrogen fuel powered lithium zihlanganisa ama-electrocatalyst amabhethri e-lithium anamandla kaphethiloli, i-proton exchange membranes, ne-carbon paper. Muva nje, u-Wan Gang, iphini likasihlalo weKomidi likaZwelonke leNkomfa Yezombangazwe Yabantu baseShayina, uthe uchungechunge lwamanje lwezimboni lwezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen lubuthakathaka futhi amandla alo onjiniyela awanele.

UZhang Yongming, uprofesa ovelele eShanghai Jiaotong University, naye ukholelwa ukuthi inkinga eyinhloko yamabhethri e-lithium asebenza ngophethiloli ukuthi awenzanga kahle ezingxenyeni zawo. “Ngolwelwesi lokushintshisana nge-proton, uhlelo lwesikhathi esizayo kanye nenjini yebhethri ye-lithium enamandla kaphethiloli izotholakala.”

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ithimba eliholwa nguProfessor Zhang Yongming njengamanje ligxile kulwelwesi lokushintshana nge-proton elinamandla kaphethiloli e-lithium.

“Umsebenzi wama-proton membranes waqala ngo-2003, futhi sekuyiminyaka engu-15 manje, wenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile. Lo mkhiqizo uphumelele ukuhlolwa kweMercedes-Benz, futhi ulwelwesi lokushintshaniswa kwe-proton ene-perfluorinated lusezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni. Manje sesinomugqa wokukhiqiza ongu-5 10,000 wamamitha-skwele. Vele, ubuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke be-proton membrane nabo buthuthuka njalo, kufanele senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukuze siqhubeke. ” UZhang Yongming utshele intatheli ye-Daily Business News muva nje.

Ukuntuleka kwengqalasizinda eziteshini ezithela uphethiloli we-hydrogen sekuyinkinga kwezinye izinkampani zezimoto. U-Rong Hui, isekela lomphathi we-BAIC Group’s New Technology Research Institute, utshele intatheli ye-“Daily Economic News”, “Okwamanje asinalo uhlelo lokunweba lwethimba lobuchwepheshe lemoto yebhethri ye-hydrogen fuel powered lithium. Abasebenzisi abakwazi ukwengeza i-hydrogen emotweni. Uma kunesiteshi sokugcwalisa i-hydrogen, singakwazi ukwenza ngokushesha imoto yebhethri ye-lithium esebenzisa i-hydrogen fuel.”

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kusukela manje, i-BAIC Group kanye ne-BAIC Foton banengqikithi cishe yamaqembu angu-50 e-lithium yebhethri ye-lithium esebenzisa amandla e-hydrogen. Ikakhulukazi inesibopho somsebenzi wokufanisa imoto, okungukuthi, isistimu yebhethri ye-lithium ene-hydrogen fuel ifaniswa nemoto.

Nokho, uBenoit Potier, uSihlalo kanye no-CEO we-Air Liquide Group kanye no-Co-Chairman we-International Hydrogen Energy Commission, wabonisa okunye okungenzeka, “Ayikho ingqalasizinda eyanele, futhi azikho iziteshi ezanele zokuthela i-hydrogen. Kudingeka kwenziwe ingqalasizinda kuqala. Ingabe kufanele siqale ngokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe? Sikholelwa ukuthi kufanele kuhlolwe imikhumbi ethile, ikakhulukazi amatekisi noma izimoto ezinkulu.”

“Iziteshi zokugcwalisa i-Hydrogen zibaluleke kakhulu. Lolu daba alukwazi ukulindwa. Ngaphandle kweziteshi ze-hydrogen refueling, ayikwazi ukuduma. Kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha. Izinga likazwelonke kufanele lihlele lolu shintsho olukhulu lwezimboni. Amanye amadolobha nezifundazwe aseqalile ukwenza lokhu. Ngokombono woMnyango Wezesayensi Nobuchwepheshe, emkhakheni wezokuthutha namandla, amandla e-hydrogen athathwe njengentuthuko, ukusekelwa kanye nesiqondiso esiphumelelayo. ” UZhang Yongming utshele intatheli ye “Daily Economic News”.

Ikusasa liqhudelana nezimoto zikagesi ezimsulwa

Ezweni lami, izimoto zebhethri ze-hydrogen fuel-powered lithium zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zezentengiselwano, futhi izimoto zabagibeli azikakasetshenziswa ngezinga elikhulu. Ngokuzayo, hlobo luni lwephethini oluzokwenziwa yi-hydrogen fuel-powered lithium battery kanye nezimoto ezihlanzekile zikagesi? U-Zhang Yongming ukholelwa ukuthi izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile kanye nezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla e-hydrogen zizoba nezigaba zazo zemakethe esikhathini esizayo. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nemibandela yokushaja, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuthi imoto kagesi emsulwa ibe semotweni enamandla aphansi ngaphakathi kwama-kilowathi ayi-10.

“Izindleko zemoto yebhethri ye-lithium esebenza nge-hydrogen fuel kufanele ibe ngaphansi kunaleyo yemoto yebhethri ye-lithium-ion esikhathini esizayo, ngoba akukho okuningi kubhethri ye-lithium enamandla kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezindleko zokusebenza, izobiza ingxenye eyodwa kwezine ukuya kokuthathu kokuthathu kunemoto kaphethiloli. Ileveli eyodwa. Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, izimoto zebhethri ze-lithium zezwe lami ezisebenza nge-hydrogen zizohamba phambili emhlabeni, futhi umfutho uzoshuba kakhulu. Uma nje izinqubomgomo zikazwelonke kanye nemizamo yokukhuthaza ingaqhubeka, kuzoba yinganekwane yesibili yesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu.” Kusho uZhang Yongming.

U-Xu Haidong, umsizi kanobhala-jikelele we-My country’s Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ukholelwa ukuthi “okuqukethwe kwezobuchwepheshe ezimotweni zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla e-hydrogen kuphakeme kunezimoto zikagesi. Lapho izimoto zikagesi ezihamba ngesivinini esiphansi zithuthukiswa, akukho okuqukethwe okuningi kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi wonke umuntu uyagijima. Kepha izimoto zebhethri ze-hydrogen ezinikezwa amandla yi-hydrogen I-Industrialization akulula kangako. Izinqubomgomo zikazwelonke nezimali kufanele zisekele i-R&D futhi zigxile ekuzuzeni impumelelo yezobuchwepheshe ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko, ezingavimbela ubungozi bezimboni ezinkulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko.

U-Xu Haidong uphinde waphakamisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezisebenza nge-hydrogen bunganikezwa izikhungo zocwaningo nezinkampani zezimoto ukuze ziphakanyiswe ngesikhathi esifanayo. “Sinazo nezinkampani zikahulumeni ezihambelanayo. Singasebenza ndawonye, ​​sihlukanise imisebenzi ethile, futhi senze ucwaningo oluhambisanayo, oluzoba ngcono ekuthuthukisweni kwayo yonke imboni. Mayelana nokudayiswa kweziteshi ze-hydrogen refueling kanye nokugcinwa kwe-hydrogen, imboni ingafunda ezimotweni zikagesi. Indlela ‘yemizi eyikhulu, izinkulungwane zezimoto’ iwukugxilisa ukwakheka endaweni ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyenzeka futhi kubhekwe ukuhlela iziteshi zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen emzileni othile wezokuthutha, ovumela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zokuthutha.”

“Engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka, iNational Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference izobamba uchungechunge lwamasonto amabili mayelana nokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla. NgoJulayi, sizohlela ucwaningo oluhlobene.” Ukuqaliswa kwezimoto zebhethri ye-lithium ochungechungeni lwezinhlelo ezinjengokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, noguquko lwamandla kuzocutshungulwa ngokwesayensi ukuze kucaciswe indlela yokuthuthukisa kanye nesiqondiso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwezimoto zebhethri ze-lithium ezinamandla kaphethiloli.